Cyberknife radio-neurosurgery for secreting pituitary adenomas treated with single fraction radio-neurosurgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is one of the treatment options for the management of residual or recurrent secreting pituitary adenomas (PA). While the role of radiosurgery (RS) by Gamma Knife (GK) has been clearly established, Cyberknife (CK) RS has been evaluated in fewer series.

Material And Methods: To perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, with the aim of focusing on the effect of CK RS on secreting PA.

Stereotactic radio-neurosurgery for jugular foramen schwannomas.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) represents a minimally invasive and valuable alternative for jugular foramen schwannomas (JFS), both as upfront and/or adjuvant treatment (in hybrid approaches).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of our cases treated at the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) from June 2010 to October 2023. Eleven patients underwent SRS, among whom three had prior surgery, two in our center in the frame of a planned combined approach and one in another center.

TN-RS: a novel scoring system predicts Gamma Knife Radiosurgery outcome for trigeminal neuralgia patients.

Background: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) is an effective treatment option for medically refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN). This study examines GKRS outcome in a large cohort of TN patients and highlights pretreatment factors associated with pain relief.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective analysis of patients treated with GKRS for TN between 2011 and 2019.

Multicenter Trial of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: Survival and Toxicity Endpoints.

Purpose: The radiobiology of prostate cancer may favor the extreme hypofractionation inherent in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT); however, data from a large multicenter study are lacking. We therefore examined the hypothesis that dose-escalated SBRT can be safely administered across multiple institutions, with favorable 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates compared with historical controls.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-one centers enrolled 309 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma: 172 with low-risk (LR) and 137 with intermediate-risk (IR) disease.

The ultrastructural features of the premalignant oral lesions.

Premalignant oral lesions are among the most important risk factors for the development of oral squamocellular carcinoma. Recent population studies indicate a significant rise in the prevalence of leukoplakia, erythroplakia/erythroleukoplakia, actinic cheilitis, submucous fibrosis and erosive lichen planus. Since standard histopathological examination has numerous limitations regarding the accurate appreciation of potential malignant transformation, the present study aims to aid these evaluations using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique, which emphasizes ultrastructural changes pertaining to this pathology.

Correlations between morphological changes induced by curcumin and its biological activities.

Curcumin is a phytochemical polyphenol extracted from turmeric rhizome, with multiple biological activities, intensively studied in various therapeutic areas. Its effects covers a wide range of specialties, from the neuroprotective to the antimetastatic properties, influencing pathologies from cardiovascular, neuronal and oncological fields, as a part of its broad spectrum of action. These effects are explained by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic simultaneous roles of curcumin and its derivatives.

The molecular mosaic of the premalignant cutaneous lesions.

In the last three decades, the premalignant cutaneous lesions have represented a milestone for the clinicians and the anatomopathologists given the increased risk of malignant transformation not only in the old but also in the young population. Recent research indicates the fact that, though multiple progresses were recorded in the diagnosis and treatment of the cutaneous squamocellular carcinomas, developed in more than 85% of the cases in premalignant lesions, however the prognosis and survival up to five years did not register significant improvements. For the achievement of the diagnosis with certainty, the histopathological examination, considered until recently the "golden standard", principally based on the TNM criterion, has an increased percentage of subjectivity and it is relatively unsure, being known the fact that two apparently identical tumors answer differently to the same therapy.

Morphopathological stigmata in acne fulminans.

Acne fulminans is the most aggressive and destructive form of acne vulgaris, being also known as acne maligna. The onset is acute and systemic involvement is always present. Most commonly, acne fulminans (AF) occurs in male adolescents as a brutal complication of a preexisting mild or moderate acne.

In vitro evaluation of curcumin effects on breast adenocarcinoma 2D and 3D cell cultures.

Unlabelled: Breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231, even if it expresses low levels of E-cadherin, still readily form multicellular aggregates of cells, namely spheroids. Curcumin is a diarylheptanoid antitumoral drug while it significantly inhibits cell migration, invasion, and colony formation in vitro and reduces tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Curcumin photoactivation may enhance antiapoptotic role against cancer cells.

Preparation and cytocompatibility evaluation for hydrosoluble phosphorous acid-derivatized cellulose as tissue engineering scaffold material.

Chemical modification of cellulose by phosphorylation enhances its bioactivity and provides new derivatives and materials with specific end uses. In the present study, cellulose derivatized with phosphorous acid was obtained using the reaction of microcrystalline cellulose with phosphorous acid-urea mixture, in molten state, in comparison with others methods that used different solvents and catalysts. Completely water soluble films with a substitution degree close to one were obtained and characterized by analytical and spectral analysis (FT-IR, (31)P NMR), contact angle, metallographic microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM).

E-cadherin expression in invasive ductal carcinoma associates ultrastructural changes in desmosomes structure.

Unlabelled: The relationship between E-cadherin presence/absence and the integrity of the desmosomes at the same level becomes important regarding the discrepancies between E-cadherin lack of expression in severe invasive carcinomas and the desmosome activity.

Purpose: In the present study, we have evaluated the presence of E-cadherin (EC) in 34 cases of metastatic or non-metastatic invasive ductal breast carcinomas (IDC) by immunohistochemistry followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) evaluation on samples prepared from paraffin sections.

Materials And Methods: Our study has analyzed 34 paraffin blocks incoming from 20 cases with documented presence of metastatic invasion and 14 cases without metastases.

Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: Using the CyberKnife as the Radiation Delivery Platform in the Treatment of Early Breast Cancer.

We evaluate the CyberKnife (Accuray Incorporated, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) for non-invasive delivery of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) in early breast cancer patients. Between 6/2009 and 5/2011, nine patients were treated with CyberKnife APBI. Normal tissue constraints were imposed as outlined in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-39/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0413 (NSABP/RTOG) Protocol (Vicini and White, 2007).

Electron microscopy analysis of skin biopsies in CADASIL disease.

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited vascular disorder, non-amyloid and non-atherosclerotic, affecting predominantly the central nervous system. We examined samples of skin biopsies from six patients (men, 43-52-year-old), admitted for treatment in the Neurology Clinic regarding the presence of partial motor impairment on upper and lower right limbs, facial asymmetry and phrasing impairment (three of the patients); These three patients had family history remarkable for early-onset strokes: mother and two brothers deceased by early strokes (40-50-year-old). Skin biopsy samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and post-fixed in osmium tetroxyde.

Immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopy study regarding myofibroblasts in fibroinflammatory epulis and giant cell peripheral granuloma.

Fibroblasts represent the main cellular population in the connective tissue; they have a central role in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, degradation and remodeling. These cells may express a substantial heterogeneity regarding their morphology and functions in pathological conditions and during tissue remodeling. Myofibroblasts are a good example for heterogeneity and phenotypical changes.

Correlation between E-cadherin abnormal expressions in different types of cancer and the process of metastasis.

Cell-cell adhesion plays a critical role in the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity and cell society. Reduced cell-cell adhesiveness allows cancer cells to disobey the social order, resulting in destruction of the histological structure, the morphological hallmark of malignant tumors. Morbidity in most cancer patients is not due to primary cancer but to metastatic disease.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: interim results of a prospective phase II clinical trial.

Purpose: The radiobiology of prostate cancer favors a hypofractionated dose regimen. We report results of a prospective Phase II clinical trial of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for localized prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: Forty-one low-risk prostate cancer patients with 6 months' minimum follow-up received 36.

[Ultrastructural aspects in the development of the human nephron--electron microscopy study].

Unlabelled: We have looked for electron microscopy aspects tissue fragments of human nephrons harvested from fetuses of 7,5-19 weeks to show ultrastructure aspects of the nephron during development.

Material And Methods: We have used 9 fragments from human embryos; Four cases were aged of 7,5, 8, 12 and 17 weeks. The other 5 cases were between 18 and 19 weeks.

Prostate cancer therapy with stereotactic body radiation therapy.

The purpose of this work is to provide background and current directions of image guidance for localized prostate cancer treatments. We will describe the external beam hypofractionation protocol for localized prostate cancer currently in progress at Stanford University and the biological bases for large fractions in an abbreviated treatment course for prostate cancer. The need for image guidance in external beam prostate cancer treatments will be discussed.

Investigation of linac-based image-guided hypofractionated prostate radiotherapy.

A hypofractionation treatment protocol for prostate cancer was initiated in our department in December 2003. The treatment regimen consists of a total dose of 36.25 Gy delivered at 7.

Results of a phase I dose-escalation study using single-fraction stereotactic radiotherapy for lung tumors.

Background: The purpose of this study was to report initial results of a phase I study using single-fraction stereotactic radiotherapy (RT) in patients with inoperable lung tumors.

Methods: Eligible patients included those with inoperable T1-2N0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or solitary lung metastases. Treatments were delivered by means of the CyberKnife.

A study of the accuracy of cyberknife spinal radiosurgery using skeletal structure tracking.

Objective: New technology has enabled the increasing use of radiosurgery to ablate spinal lesions. The first generation of the CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) image-guided radiosurgery system required implanted radiopaque markers (fiducials) to localize spinal targets.

Stereotactic radiosurgery using CT cisternography and non-isocentric planning for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

Objective: Frame-based radiosurgical rhizotomy has been shown in clinical studies to be effective for managing trigeminal neuralgia (TN). To date, however, only a small pilot study has been published for the frameless, image-guided CyberKnife system. We present our preliminary experience with 29 trigeminal neuralgia patients treated with the frameless CyberKnife using X-ray image-guided targeting, a novel CT method for target definition, and non-isocentric planning.

Quantitation of the a priori dosimetric capabilities of spatial points in inverse planning and its significant implication in defining IMRT solution space.

In inverse planning, the likelihood for the points in a target or sensitive structure to meet their dosimetric goals is generally heterogeneous and represents the a priori knowledge of the system once the patient and beam configuration are chosen. Because of this intrinsic heterogeneity, in some extreme cases, a region in a target may never meet the prescribed dose without seriously deteriorating the doses in other areas. Conversely, the prescription in a region may be easily met without violating the tolerance of any sensitive structure.

[Electron microscopy in oral squamous cell carcinoma of elderly patients].

Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent tumor occurring in the oral cavity. The aim of the study is to point out the fine-structural characteristics of the tumor cells and of the adjacent stromal cells, trying to establish a correlation between these characteristics and the biological behavior of the tumor.

Material And Methods: We performed an electron microscopic investigation for tree elderly patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma.