Informed consent for endoscopic procedures: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement.

All endoscopic procedures are invasive and carry risk. Accordingly, all endoscopists should involve the patient in the decision-making process about the most appropriate endoscopic procedure for that individual, in keeping with a patient's right to self-determination and autonomy. Recognition of this has led to detailed guidelines on informed consent for endoscopy in some countries, but in many no such guidance exists; this may lead to variations in care and exposure to risk of litigation.

Safety of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty with a Single-Channel Endoscope.

Purpose: Less invasive endoscopic bariatric procedures are under development for the management of class I of obesity. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the safety of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) using the new suturing device OverStitch Sx™.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study over 191 patients using the ESG under general anesthesia with overnight inpatient observation between January 2019 and December 2020.

Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation With a Knotless Double-Row Construct Provides Good Results for Displaced Greater Tuberosity Fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to describe the functional and structural outcomes of the arthroscopic 4-strand, knotless, double-row construct with suture tapes for the surgical treatment of displaced and/or comminuted greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus.

Methods: Patients were enrolled between December 2012 and January 2018. The main inclusion criteria were a comminuted and/or displaced tuberosity fracture with a displacement of at least 5 mm in any plane fixed under arthroscopy using a 4-strand, knotless, double-row construct.

Ultrasound-guided transection of the interosseous membrane of the forearm.

We sought to evaluate the feasibility of ultrasound-guided transection of the interosseous membrane of the forearm. The study involved ten forearms from five fresh cadavers. An ultrasound scanner (Toshiba™ Aplio V®, Toshigi, Japan) with a linear probe (Toshiba™ PLT-805AT 8Mhz) and a 25-cm long Kemis® knife (NewClip Technics™, Cholet, France), which was specially created for this study, were used.

Pectoralis minor transfer for elbow flexion restoration in late obstetric brachial plexus palsy.

Purpose: Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) may result in a severe impairment of upper limb function, especially when major motor functions do not recover with or without early microsurgical reconstruction. Various methods to restore elbow flexion have been described. The aim of this study was to report the results after pectoralis minor transfer for elbow flexion restoration in late OBPP.

Multicenter Randomized Study of Obesity Treatment with Minimally Invasive Injection of Hyaluronic Acid Versus and Combined with Intragastric Balloon.

Background: Research into minimally invasive techniques is worthwhile for greater acceptance in bariatric surgery, a useful first step being to evaluate the combination of these with current procedures. We suggest that intragastric balloon (IGB) can be performed with hyaluronic acid (HA) injections at the level of the gastroesophageal junction.

Methods: A submucosal restriction is created by circular injection of an absorbable material within a defined area based on endoscopic anatomy.

Balloon treatment of posterior shoulder dislocation with reverse Hill-Sachs injury: description of a new technique.

Purpose: Posterior shoulder dislocations are rare, and are usually the result of seizures. Anterior defects of the humeral head known as "reverse Hill-Sachs lesions" may increase the risk of recurrent dislocation and are difficult to treat. We developed a percutaneous technique for reduction of the dislocation or reduction of the anterior impaction fracture, using percutaneous balloon dilatation and cement fixation.

Bouveret's syndrome. An unusual localization of gallstone ileus.

This case report describes a 77-year-old male, who presented to the emergency room with symptoms of an acute proximal small bowel obstruction. Abdominal CT scan with multi-planar reconstructions led to the diagnosis of an intestinal obstruction due to impaction of a large gallstone in the second portion of the duodenum. The CT scan demonstrated a large cholecysto-duodenal fistula as the origin of the gallstone migration.

The effect of inactivated Lactobacillus LB fermented culture medium on symptom severity: observational investigation in 297 patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Introduction: Little is known about the intensity of symptoms of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) or the consequences of the disease on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This observational investigation assessed the symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, number of stools per day, and stool consistency), impact on HRQOL, and consequence on anal continence in 297 patients with IBS-D before and after 1 month of probiotic treatment with Lacteol (inactivated Lactobacillus LB plus fermented culture medium).

Methods: Functional assessment using a standardized visual analogue scale in order to quantify abdominal pain, bloating, and quality of life before and after 1 month of treatment with 2 capsules/day of Lacteol.

Mesalamine in Crohn's disease with steroid-induced remission: effect on steroid withdrawal and remission maintenance, Groupe d'Etudes Thérapeutiques des Affections Inflammatoires Digestives.

Background & Aims: Steroid dependence and early relapse are frequent after a prednisolone-induces remission in Crohn's disease. The aim of this trial was to test whether mesalamine started at the onset of steroid tapering increases the rate of weaning from prednisolone and reduces the relapse rate after prednisolone cessation.

Methods: One hundred fifty patients with active Crohn's disease were administered oral prednisolone (1 mg.

Argyrophil cells, mast cells, and histamine in the fundic mucosa of antrectomized patients.

Fasting gastrinemia, fundic argyrophil cell density, mast cell number, basal fundic histamine content and histidine decarboxylase activity were determined in 20 antrectomized patients and 20 control subjects. Fasting gastrinemia and fundic argyrophil cell density were significantly lower in antrectomized patients than in controls, whereas fundic mast cell number, basal histamine content, and histidine decarboxylase activity did not differ significantly between the two groups. In antrectomized patients the basal fundic histamine content appears related to the fundic mast cell number, as a consequence of the reduced effect of gastrin on argyrophil cells.

[Effect of levamisole on the prevention of developmental flare-ups in quiescent Crohn's disease: a prospective multicenter controlled trial in 155 patients].

The prevention of relapse in quiescent Crohn's disease remains a major therapeutic challenge. The present study is a double blind placebo (P)-controlled, randomized, multicentre cooperative trial designed to test the effectiveness of levamisole (L) in the prophylaxis against flare up in patients with quiescent Crohn's disease. The trial included 2 successive phases: a) phase I:167 patients with inactive disease (but who had not had previous resection of all diseased tissue) were randomly and double blindly assigned to receive either L (150 mg orally once weekly) or P; patients were randomized in 2 strata: those having experienced a recent flare up (within the 3 months preceding their entry into the trial: red strata) versus others (blue strata).