Advanced e-Call Support Based on Non-Intrusive Driver Condition Monitoring for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles.

Background: The growth of the number of vehicles in traffic has led to an exponential increase in the number of road accidents with many negative consequences, such as loss of lives and pollution.

Methods: This article focuses on using a new technology in automotive electronics by equipping a semi-autonomous vehicle with a complex sensor structure that is able to provide centralized information regarding the physiological signals (Electro encephalogram-EEG, electrocardiogram-ECG) of the driver/passengers and their location along with indoor temperature changes, employing the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Thus, transforming the vehicle into a mobile sensor connected to the internet will help highlight and create a new perspective on the cognitive and physiological conditions of passengers, which is useful for specific applications, such as health management and a more effective intervention in case of road accidents.

Automatic Detection of K-Complexes Using the Cohen Class Recursiveness and Reallocation Method and Deep Neural Networks with EEG Signals.

Evoked and spontaneous K-complexes are thought to be involved in sleep protection, but their role as biomarkers is still under debate. K-complexes have two major functions: first, they suppress cortical arousal in response to stimuli that the sleeping brain evaluates to avoid signaling danger; and second, they help strengthen memory. K-complexes also play an important role in the analysis of sleep quality, in the detection of diseases associated with sleep disorders, and as biomarkers for the detection of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

Developing a Solution for Mobility and Distribution Analysis Based on Bluetooth and Artificial Intelligence.

The purpose of this research was to develop a simple, cost-effective, but enough efficient solution for locating, tracking and distribution analysis of people and/or vehicle flowing, based on non-intrusive Bluetooth sensing and selective filtering algorithms employing artificial intelligence components. The solution provides a tool for analyzing density of targets in a specific area, useful when checking contact proximities of a target along a route. The principle consists of the detection of mobile devices that use active Bluetooth connections, such as personal notebooks, smartphones, smartwatches, Bluetooth headphones, etc.

Development of an Acoustic System for UAV Detection.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of developing and using an intelligent, flexible, and reliable acoustic system, designed to discover, locate, and transmit the position of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Such an application is very useful for monitoring sensitive areas and land territories subject to privacy. The software functional components of the proposed detection and location algorithm were developed employing acoustic signal analysis and concurrent neural networks (CoNNs).

Parathyroid Adenomas in Adults and Adolescents. Critical Appraisal and Surgical Strategy in 18 Cases.

Unlabelled: Our study underline scarcity of isolated case reports or small case series of parathyroid adenoma (PA) published in autochthonous medical literature,their variable clinical expression among the "historic" varieties but also the diagnostic difficulties and delays of diagnosis as well consecration of surgery as the golden therapeutic standard of this disorder.

Patients And Method: Demographic, clinical presentations, laboratory and imaging data, operative findings and procedures together with pathology account and outcome from the case reports of 18 patients with documented PHP were retrospectively analyzed. The male/female ratio was 1/5, with ages ranging from 16 to 58 (mean 46) years.

An Unwonted Clinicopathological Subtype of Thyroid Primary Lymphoma.

Primary thyroid lymphomas account for less than 5% of all thyroid malignancies and the majority of cases concern non- Hodgkin's lymphoma of B and T-cell origin as well as Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma are a relatively recently described subset of low grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma representing between 6 and 27% of the patients with thyroid lymphomas. These cases occur usually in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis having a long indolent course and delayed diagnosis, actually benefit from several therapeutic opportunities among them even surgery and a favorable prognostic.

Implications of Hysterectomy on Vaginal Route in Gynecologic Pathology.

Vaginal hysterectomy was mentioned before our era by Soranus of Ephesus, and it is one of the most frequent surgical interventions in gynecologic practice; performed for the first time by Sauter of Constance, in 1822, who practiced a vaginal hysterectomy without ligation of vessels, carrying out the hemostasis with a swab dipped in alum. The essential argument for vaginal surgery is the advantage it brings. Current indications and contraindications encourage the frequent use of vaginal hysterectomy in benign pathology of the uterus, while the indication (Crossen, Rouhier, Campbell techniques) depends most of the times on the surgeon's experience and preference rather than on the critic evaluation of results.

Clinical Features and Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Pathology in Patients Over 65 Years.

Introduction: The significant increase in the average lifespan of the general population lead to a proportional enhacement in the prevalence of benign and malignant thyroid conditions and equally the number of surgeries for this pathology.

Patients And Method: In a personal series of 464 thyroid disorders undergoing surgery over a two decades period we registered 51 patients (10.9%) aged over 65 years of which 11 (2.

Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Carcinoma in Child and Adult. Two Case Reports.

Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma is rarely mentioned in literature representing only 0,7-1,6% of cases with these embryonic remnants. Two patients with thyroid duct cyst carcinoma, a 14-year-old girl and a 44-year-old man operated on in our department, both diagnosed postoperatively are described. In the first one a classical Sistrunk operation was performed removing a 3 cm asymptomatic mass, a milimetric papillary carcinoma being incidentally discovered at paraffin section pathology.

Cardiothyreosis: Pathogenic Conjectures, Clinical Aspects and Surgical Approach.

Introduction: The presence of striking cardiovascular manifestations were noted in the first descriptions of hyperthyroidism owing to Parry (1825) and Basedow (1840) in his famous Merseburg triad. Hyperthyroidism may either cause cardiac complications in individuals with a normal myocardium (genuine form of disorder) or complicate preexisting cardiac troubles.

Material And Method: An homogenous series of 49 cardiothyreosis, 11 males and 38 females, aged 12 - 78 (mean 45) years selected between 138 thyrotoxic patients operated on in a period of two decades is herein presented.

Clinicopathological phenotype of parathyroid carcinoma: therapeutic and prognostic aftermaths.

Parathyroid carcinomas (PC) are rare and "devastating"€ causes of hyperparathyroidism (HP), frequently discovered fortuitously,with not always doubtless pathological confirmation, and dissociate post-therapeutic outcomes and prognosis even after well-performed surgery. We herein report four PT neoplasms,three of them proving to be authentic PCs, and one an atypical parathyroid adenoma. There were three females and one male, aged 32-49 (mean 44) years.

Thyroid and thymic exeresis in surgery of hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Owing to close anatomical and embryological connexions between the thyroid, parathyroids and thymus,manifold coexisting pathology can be identified during the surgery of hyperparathyroidism (Hp).

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study we report the incidence, clinical forms, histology and management of thyroid and thymic synchronous lesions encountered in as eries of 82 consecutive patients with various types of Hp operated on in the last three decades. Demography, clinical records, biochemical data, imaging procedures, pathology reports and surgical protocols were revised.

Interactions between the dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio and genetic factors determine susceptibility to pediatric Crohn's disease.

Increased dietary ratios of ω6/ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), but epidemiologic data are limited. We investigated whether variants of genes that control polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism (CYP4F3, FADS1, and FADS2), along with the dietary ratio of ω6/ω3, confers susceptibility to CD. Based on data from 182 children newly diagnosed with CD and 250 controls, we found that children who consumed a higher dietary ratio of ω6/ω3 were susceptible for CD if they were also carriers of specific variants of CYP4F3 and FADS2 genes.

Unusual malignant tumors of the thyroid gland.

Background: Although situated on the last places among the statistical hierarchy of human malignancies, thyroid cancers (TC) are the most common tumors of the endocrine system. Follicular epithelium neoplasms account for more than 90% of these lesions with a favourable prognosis, while resting tumors (medullary, anaplastic, lymphoma, sarcoma etc) generally present a rapid unfavorable evolution with a low rate of survival.

Patients And Methods: In a series of 464 thyropathies personally treated, 72 cases of TC (15.

Genome-wide association study signal at the 12q12 locus for Crohn's disease may represent associations with the MUC19 gene.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Crohn's disease (CD) have identified associations with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs11175593 at chromosome 12q12. The MUC19 and LRRK2 genes reside close to the GWAS signal, but it is as yet unclear which of the 2 genes represent the CD susceptibility genes.

Methods: We studied associations between nonsynonymous coding variants in the MUC19 (5) and LRRK2 (3) genes in a case-control sample comprising CD cases aged <18 years at diagnosis.

Association between the PTPN2 gene and Crohn's disease: dissection of potential causal variants.

Background: Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subsequent meta-analyses have confirmed associations between the PTPN2 (protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 2) gene and Crohn's disease (CD), the potential causal variants remain unidentified. We aimed to dissect potential causal CD-associated PTPN2 variants, assess their functional significance, and relate PTPN2 protein expression with inflammation in CD.

Methods: A 3-stage study was carried out.

[Indications for surgery in thyroiditis].

Introduction: Inflammatory processes of the thyroid represents a main proportion of the gland's pathology but the majority of them are treated by medical methods, surgery being indicated.

Patients And Methods: In 14 cases (3%) from 464 operations for different thyroid conditions we have encountered authentic inflammatory lesions in 9 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (two associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma and one with malignant lymphoma), two cases of Riedel's thyroiditis and respectively de Quervain thyoiditis, tuberculous thyroiditis and actynomicosis one case each. The common lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in Basedow's disease was not considered likewise as the inflammatory nespecific lesions encountered in benign and malignant pathology of the gland.

[Pancreaticoduodenectomy in surgical treatment of malignant tumors of Vater's region].

Background: The optimal treatment of tumors of Vater's region represents a permanent interest of every physician involved in the treating of malignant diseases with such localization.

Aim: This presentation proposes a pancreaticoduodenectomy (DPC) evaluation in the surgical treatment of tumors of Vater's ampulla.

Materials And Methods: Between 1999 - 2009 our clinic has treated a number of 37 cases with mechanic jaundice by malignant diseases (JMN).

[Total parathyroidectomy without autotransplantation in the management of "refractory" renal hyperparathyroidism].

Unlabelled: The optimal surgical treatment in patients with refractory renal hyperparathyroidism (RHP) on hemodialysis for end stage renal disease is still a point of controversy. The high percentage of recurrences after standard surgical procedures i.e.

Surgical management of renal hyperparathyroidism: a preliminary series report.

Background: Renal hyperparathyroidism (RHPT) is a frequent complication of uremic patients on hemodialysis and despite various advances in medical therapy parathyroidectomy is necessary in a semnificative number of cases.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed our experience (first in Romania) regarding fortythree patients with RHPT operated on in our clinic between 1994 and 2009 evaluating the diagnosis methods, surgical indications, techniques and results together with the evolution of our own therapeutical concept. The study included 22 men and 21 women of median age of 48 (range 15-67) years, performing hemodialysis (n=41) or peritoneal dialysis (n=2) from 7,7 (range 3-13) years respectively.

NELL1, NCF4, and FAM92B genes are not major susceptibility genes for Crohn's disease in Canadian children and young adults.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and replication studies have shown conflicting associations between the NELL1, NCF4, and FAM92B genes and susceptibility for Crohn's disease (CD). We sought to examine whether these genes were associated with CD in Canadian children and young adults.

Methods: A case-control study was carried out at three pediatric gastroenterology clinics across Canada.

Genes involved in the metabolism of poly-unsaturated fatty-acids (PUFA) and risk for Crohn's disease in children & young adults.

Background And Objectives: Epidemiological evidence for the role of polyunsaturated fatty-acids (PUFA) in Crohn's disease (CD) is unclear, although the key metabolite leucotriene B4 (LTB(4)) is closely linked to the inflammatory process. We hypothesized that inherited variation in key PUFA metabolic enzymes may modify susceptibility for CD.

Methods And Principal Results: A case-control design was implemented at three pediatric gastroenterology clinics in Canada.

Association between genome-wide association studies reported SNPs and pediatric-onset Crohn's disease in Canadian children.

A recent pediatric-focused genome-wide association study has implicated three novel susceptibility loci for Crohn' disease (CD).We aimed to investigate whether the three recently reported and other previously reported genes/loci were also associated with CD in Canadian children. A case-control design was implemented at three pediatric gastroenterology clinics in Canada.

Susceptibility loci reported in genome-wide association studies are associated with Crohn's disease in Canadian children.

Background: Recent genome-wide association studies based on adult and paediatric populations have implicated >30 genes/loci as susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease (CD).

Aims: To investigate whether reported genes/loci were also associated with CD in Canadian children.

Design And Methods: A case-control design was implemented at three paediatric gastroenterology clinics in Canada.

Guiding policy decisions for genetic screening: developing a systematic and transparent approach.

With the ever-widening gap between what is technologically possible and services available, jurisdictions around the world are faced with complex decisions regarding the introduction and expansion of genetic screening programs. A series of literature reviews and consultations with stakeholders and experts led to the development of a decision support guide for genetic screening policy-making. This involved establishing a preliminary list of core criteria synthesized from the growing literature on genetic screening, which was then transformed through a series of consultations into a more elaborate decision guide.