Polypharmacy in Older Adults: The Hazard of Hospitalization and Mortality is Mediated by Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions, Findings From the Moli-sani Study.

Objectives: We evaluated the impact of polypharmacy on the health of community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed 5,631 individuals from the Moli-sani study (51% men, aged ≥65 years, recruitment 2005-2010, follow-up 2005-2020). Exposure was categorized as chronic polypharmacy therapy (C-PT; ≥5 therapeutic groups and >2 defined daily doses (DDDs)) or non-chronic polypharmacy therapy (NC-PT; polypharmacy but ≤2 DDDs).

Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with the acceleration of biological aging in the Moli-sani Study.

Background: Healthy diets have been inversely associated with biological aging. However, the nutritional content is only one aspect of the overall food health potential, and more recently, increasing attention has been paid to nonnutrient food characteristics, such as food processing.

Objectives: To examine the association of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with biological aging measured by circulating blood biomarkers.

Economic hardship resulting from the late 2000s Great Recession and long-term changes in mental health: a prospective analysis from the Moli-sani study.

Purpose: Economic downturns may have detrimental effects on mental health. We investigated the association of economic hardship resulting from the late 2000s Great Recession with long-term changes in mental health.

Methods: We analysed data from 1,647 participants to the larger Moli-sani cohort (2005-2010, Italy), who were re-examined between 2017 and 2020.

Lung ultrasound assessment of atelectasis following different anesthesia induction techniques in pediatric patients: a propensity score-matched, observational study.

Introduction: Atelectasis is a well-documented complication in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. Its incidence varies significantly based on surgical procedures and anesthesia techniques. Inhalation induction, commonly used to avoid the discomfort of venipuncture, is suspected to cause higher rates of respiratory complications, including atelectasis, compared to intravenous induction.

Combined robotic surgery for concomitant treatment of endometrial cancer and obesity.

Background: Endometrial Cancer (EC) is strongly linked to obesity. Bariatric surgery is recognized as a long-term solution for weight loss in severely obese patients. This pilot study investigates the feasibility, intraoperative and 30-day morbidity outcomes of integrating gynecological surgical staging and bariatric robotic surgery in class II and III obese patients affected by early EC or Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia (EIN).

Integrating musealized archaeological sediment collections into current geoarchaeological analytical frameworks for sustainable research practices.

We present a review of the latest framework achievements in geoarchaeological sciences applied to microstratigraphic and biomolecular studies of prehistoric archaeological contexts, highlighting the importance of musealized archaeological stratigraphies. We assess how today's scientific and technological accomplishments can be tailored for archaeological human ecology studies with analytical ensembles that provide unprecedented results. Sampling and processing workflows originating from resin consolidation and thin section micromorphology of undisturbed blocks of archaeological soils and sediments, guarantee subsampling accuracy at the micrometre scale granting access to individual components otherwise impossible to target: the achievable information yield makes even the smallest soil samples potential sources of pioneering discoveries.

Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Display (HMD) and Preoperative Patient-Specific Simulation: Impact on Decision-Making in Pediatric Urology: Preliminary Data.

Aim Of The Study: To assess how virtual reality (VR) patient-specific simulations can support decision-making processes and improve care in pediatric urology, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Children diagnosed with urological conditions necessitating complex procedures were retrospectively reviewed and enrolled in the study. Patient-specific VR simulations were developed with medical imaging specialists and VR technology experts.

Laser Therapy in Heavily Treated Oncological Patients Improves Vaginal Health Parameters.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and duration of multiple non-ablative intravaginal CO2 laser (V-lase) cycles in breast cancer patients, gynecological and other pelvic cancers previously subjected to multiple oncological treatments. This prospective study enrolled women under the age of 65 years who reported vaginal symptoms. Data on the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), vaginal length (VL), vaginal pain measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were collected at baseline and before each laser application, and at subsequent follow-up visits.

Cost-effectiveness of applying high-sensitivity troponin I to a score for cardiovascular risk prediction in asymptomatic population.

Introduction: Risk stratification scores such as the European Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) are used to guide individuals on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Adding high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) to such risk scores has the potential to improve accuracy of CVD prediction. We investigated how applying hsTnI in addition to SCORE may impact management, outcome, and cost-effectiveness.

The association between hypoalbuminemia and risk of death due to cancer and vascular disease in individuals aged 65 years and older: findings from the prospective Moli-sani cohort study.

Background: Serum albumin is inversely associated with overall mortality, but its association with specific causes of death remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate whether hypoalbuminemia, defined as serum albumin levels ≤35 g/L, is associated with mortality specifically attributed to cancer and/or vascular diseases.

Methods: Serum albumin levels were measured in the population-based, prospective cohort of the Moli-sani study, established between 2005 and 2010.

Efficacy of Three Different Injection Techniques for the Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) in Children: A Review of 10 Years of Experience.

Aim: To review our 10 years of experience with the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children, emphasizing the long-term efficacy of the "combined STING-HIT" technique.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed including all children with symptomatic VUR undergoing the cystoscopic injection of bulking agents from January 2013 to December 2022 in our pediatric tertiary referral center. Three different endoscopic techniques were adopted: the "combined STING-HIT" technique, the STING technique, and the HIT technique.

Impact of Lipoprotein(a) Level on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol- or Apolipoprotein B-Related Risk of Coronary Heart Disease.

Background: Conventional low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) quantification includes cholesterol attributable to lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)-C) due to their overlapping densities.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to compare the association between LDL-C and LDL-C corrected for Lp(a)-C (LDL) with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in the general population and to investigate whether concomitant Lp(a) values influence the association of LDL-C or apolipoprotein B (apoB) with coronary events.

Methods: Among 68,748 CHD-free subjects at baseline LDL was calculated as "LDL-C-Lp(a)-C," where Lp(a)-C was 30% or 17.

Minimal Access in Pediatric Surgery: An Overview on Progress towards Dedicated Instrument Developments and Anesthesiologic Advances to Enhance Safe Completion of Procedures.

Surgical techniques are evolving in Pediatric Surgery, especially in the area of minimal access surgery (MAS) where indications for applications are expanding. Miniaturization of instruments, using natural orifices, single incisions, or remotely controlled robot-assisted procedures, promises to increase the benefits of MAS procedures in pediatrics. Many pediatric pathologies are rare, and specialized surgical and anesthesiologic instruments are necessary to manage them, defined as "orphan devices", for which development and dissemination on the market are slowed down or sometimes hindered by regulatory standards and limiting financial conflicts of interest.

Association of perceived mental health with mortality, and analysis of potential pathways in Italian men and women: Prospective results from the Moli-sani Study cohort.

Background: Perceived mental health (PMH) was reportedly associated with mortality in general populations worldwide. However, little is known about sex differences and pathways potentially linking PMH to mortality. We explored the relationship between PMH and mortality in Italian men and women, and analysed potential explanatory factors.

Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in the Population.

Importance: Identification of individuals at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease within the population is important to inform primary prevention strategies.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of routinely available cardiovascular biomarkers when added to established risk factors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Individual-level analysis including data on cardiovascular biomarkers from 28 general population-based cohorts from 12 countries and 4 continents with assessments by participant age.

Olive oil consumption is associated with lower cancer, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among Italian adults: prospective results from the Moli-sani Study and analysis of potential biological mechanisms.

Background: Olive oil consumption has been reportedly associated with lower mortality rates, mostly from cardiovascular diseases, but its potential impact on cancer death remains controversial. Moreover, biological mechanisms possibly linking olive oil consumption to mortality outcomes remain unexplored.

Methods: We longitudinally analysed data on 22,892 men and women from the Moli-sani Study in Italy (follow-up 13.

Machine Learning Applied to Pre-Operative Computed-Tomography-Based Radiomic Features Can Accurately Differentiate Uterine Leiomyoma from Leiomyosarcoma: A Pilot Study.

Background: The accurate discrimination of uterine leiomyosarcomas and leiomyomas in a pre-operative setting remains a current challenge. To date, the diagnosis is made by a pathologist on the excised tumor. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning algorithm using radiomic data extracted from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images that could accurately distinguish leiomyosarcomas from leiomyomas.

Blood-based biological ageing and red cell distribution width are associated with prevalent Parkinson's disease: findings from a large Italian population cohort.

Background: Aging clocks tag the actual underlying age of an organism and its discrepancy with chronological age and have been reported to predict incident disease risk in the general population. However, the relationship with neurodegenerative risk and in particular with Parkinson's Disease (PD) remains unclear, with few discordant findings reporting associations with both incident and prevalent PD risk.

Objective: To clarify this relationship, we computed a common aging clock based on blood markers and tested the resulting discrepancy with chronological age (ΔPhenoAge) for association with both incident and prevalent PD risk.

Antenatal Determinants of Postnatal Renal Function in Fetal Megacystis: A Systematic Review.

: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of demographic data, fetal imaging findings and urinary analytes were used for predicting poor postnatal renal function in children with congenital megacystis. : A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE's electronic database from inception to December 2023 using various combinations of keywords such as "luto" [All Fields] OR "lower urinary tract obstruction" [All Fields] OR "urethral valves" [All Fields] OR "megacystis" [All Fields] OR "urethral atresia" [All Fields] OR "megalourethra" [All Fields] AND "prenatal ultrasound" [All Fields] OR "maternal ultrasound" [All Fields] OR "ob-stetric ultrasound" [All Fields] OR "anhydramnios" [All Fields] OR "oligohydramnios" [All Fields] OR "renal echogenicity" [All Fields] OR "biomarkers" [All Fields] OR "fetal urine" [All Fields] OR "amniotic fluid" [All Fields] OR "beta2 microglobulin" [All Fields] OR "osmolarity" [All Fields] OR "proteome" [All Fields] AND "outcomes" [All Fields] OR "prognosis" [All Fields] OR "staging" [All Fields] OR "prognostic factors" [All Fields] OR "predictors" [All Fields] OR "renal function" [All Fields] OR "kidney function" [All Fields] OR "renal failure" [All Fields]. Two reviewers independently selected the articles in which the accuracy of prenatal imaging findings and fetal urinary analytes were evaluated to predict postnatal renal function.