Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivities of Leaves, Stems, and Flowers of (Dammer) Dammer, a Traditional African Medicinal Plant.

The comprehensive identification of secondary metabolites represents a fundamental step for the assessment of bioactivities and pharmacological properties of traditional herbal drugs. (Dammer) Dammer has been described as a multipurpose remedy in different African traditional pharmacopoeias, but its phytochemical profile has not been properly investigated. Herein we report a high throughput metabolomic screening, based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-travelling wave ion mobility spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (UHPLC-TWINS-QTOF), which was performed for the first time on different plant parts.

Seleno Containing Compounds as Potent and Selective Antifungal Agents.

Fungal promoted infections are becoming a severe health global emergency due to drug-resistant phenomena and zoonosis. This work investigated compounds bearing acyl-/selenoureido moieties and primary/secondary sulfonamide groups as novel antifungal agents acting through organism-directed selenium toxicity and inhibition of the newly emergent therapeutic target, the Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.

Inhibitors of -Acetylserine Sulfhydrylase with a Cyclopropane-Carboxylic Acid Scaffold Are Effective Colistin Adjuvants in Gram Negative Bacteria.

Antibacterial adjuvants are of great significance, since they allow one to downscale the therapeutic dose of conventional antibiotics and reduce the insurgence of antibacterial resistance. Herein, we report that -acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS) inhibitors could be used as colistin adjuvants to treat infections caused by critical pathogens spreading worldwide, , serovar Typhimurium, and . Starting from a hit compound endowed with a nanomolar dissociation constant, we have rationally designed and synthesized a series of derivatives to be tested against Typhimurium OASS isoenzymes, StOASS-A and StOASS-B.

Survey on Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria in Pigs at Slaughter and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates in Italy.

This study is focused on resistance to carbapenems and third-generation cephalosporins in Gram-negative microorganisms isolated from swine, whose transmission to humans via pork consumption cannot be excluded. In addition, the common carriage of carbapenem-resistant (CR) bacteria between humans and pigs was evaluated. Sampling involved 300 faecal samples collected from slaughtered pigs and 300 urine samples collected from 187 hospitalised patients in Parma Province (Italy).

OBP-functionalized/hybrid superparamagnetic nanoparticles for treatment.

Infections caused by the opportunistic yeast are one of the major life threats for hospitalized and immunocompromised patients, as a result of antibiotic and long-term antifungal treatment abuse. Odorant binding proteins can be considered interesting candidates to develop systems able to reduce the proliferation and virulence of this yeast, because of their intrinsic antimicrobial properties and complexation capabilities toward farnesol, the major quorum sensing molecule of . In the present study, a hybrid system characterized by a superparamagnetic iron oxide core functionalized with bovine odorant binding protein (bOBP) was successfully developed.

Antimicrobial activity of a standardized medical honey on bacterial isolates from infected skin lesions of non-traditional companion animals.

In recent years, due to the growing phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance, the search for alternative strategies to antibiotic treatments is increasing and a considerable interest for the use of medical honey in clinical practice has emerged. Honey has been used for the treatment of skin lesions, in both humans and animals. However, knowledge concerning the use of medical honey in non‑traditional companion animals is scarce.

Seroprevalence in Colombian Dairy Herds.

Leptospirosis in cattle has important economic effects on the infected farms. Moreover, livestock farming is considered a major occupational risk factor for the transmission of infection to humans. A survey was performed to determine the overall and within-herd seroprevalence and mapping of different serovars in dairy cattle from farms located in some municipalities of the Colombian department of Boyacá.

Discovery of Substituted (2-Aminooxazol-4-yl)Isoxazole-3-carboxylic Acids as Inhibitors of Bacterial Serine Acetyltransferase in the Quest for Novel Potential Antibacterial Adjuvants.

Many bacteria and actinomycetales use L-cysteine biosynthesis to increase their tolerance to antibacterial treatment and establish a long-lasting infection. In turn, this might lead to the onset of antimicrobial resistance that currently represents one of the most menacing threats to public health worldwide. The biosynthetic machinery required to synthesise L-cysteine is absent in mammals; therefore, its exploitation as a drug target is particularly promising.

Investigational Studies on a Hit Compound Cyclopropane-Carboxylic Acid Derivative Targeting -Acetylserine Sulfhydrylase as a Colistin Adjuvant.

Antibacterial adjuvants are of great significance, since they allow the therapeutic dose of conventional antibiotics to be lowered and reduce the insurgence of antibiotic resistance. Herein, we report that an acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS) inhibitor can be used as a colistin adjuvant to treat infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. A compound that binds OASS with a nM dissociation constant was tested as an adjuvant of colistin against six critical pathogens responsible for infections spreading worldwide, , serovar Typhimurium, , , methicillin-resistant , and .

Wild Micromammals as Bioindicators of Antibiotic Resistance in Ecopathology in Northern Italy.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing threat to human health and an important issue also in the natural environment. For this study, an ecopathological approach was applied to the monitoring of the antimicrobial resistance in the province of Parma, Northern Italy. Fourteen monitoring sites and seventy-four faecal samples from four species of wild micromammals ( and ) were collected.

Microbial Isolates from Vegetable Foreign Bodies Inhaled by Dogs.

Grass-seed inhalation is a common problem in canine patients, in particular during summer months, migrating in upper and lower respiratory tract. Grass awns can harbor bacteria and fungi, causing grass seeds foreign body-related disease (GSFBD). Aim of this study was to investigate the aerobic microbial flora isolated from grass awns extracted from 41 dogs with GSFBD and the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacterial strains.