Long-Range Supramolecular Assembly of a Pyrene-Derivatized Polythiophene/MWCNT Hybrid for Resilient Flexible Electrochromic Displays.

Organic electrochromic polymers hold great potential for integration into low-power flexible electrochromic displays (F-ECDs) due to their wide range of colors and simple processing. However, challenges such as inefficient charge transfer and degradation upon device integration hinder their practical applications. Herein, we report an innovative, general approach that utilizes template-induced supramolecular nanostructuring to engineer established electrochromic polymers, enhancing their performance and durability.

Antiproton annihilation at rest in thin solid targets and comparison with Monte Carlo simulations.

The mechanism of antiproton-nucleus annihilation at rest is not fully understood, despite substantial previous experimental and theoretical work. In this study we used slow extracted antiprotons from the ASACUSA apparatus at CERN to measure the charged particle multiplicities and their energy deposits from antiproton annihilations at rest on three different nuclei: carbon, molybdenum and gold. The results are compared with predictions from different models in the simulation tools Geant4 and FLUKA.

Network analysis: An overview for mental health research.

Network approaches to psychopathology have become increasingly common in mental health research, with many theoretical and methodological developments quickly gaining traction. This article illustrates contemporary practices in applying network analytical tools, bridging the gap between network concepts and their empirical applications. We explain how we can use graphs to construct networks representing complex associations among observable psychological variables.

Perpendicular crossing chains enable high mobility in a noncrystalline conjugated polymer.

The nature of interchain π-system contacts, and their relationship to hole transport, are elucidated for the high-mobility, noncrystalline conjugated polymer C16-IDTBT by the application of scanning tunneling microscopy, molecular dynamics, and quantum chemical calculations. The microstructure is shown to favor an unusual packing motif in which paired chains cross-over one another at near-perpendicular angles. By linking to mesoscale microstructural features, revealed by coarse-grained molecular dynamics and previous studies, and performing simulations of charge transport, it is demonstrated that the high mobility of C16-IDTBT can be explained by the promotion of a highly interconnected transport network, stemming from the adoption of perpendicular contacts at the nanoscale, in combination with fast intrachain transport.

Structure Determination of FTCNQ on Ag(111): A Systematic Trend in Metal Adatom Incorporation.

A structure determination of the commensurate phase formed by 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroquinodimethane (FTCNQ) absorbed on Ag(111) is reported. Initial characterization was performed using low-energy electron diffraction and synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy, with quantitative structural data being provided by normal incident X-ray standing waves (NIXSW) and surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD). NIXSW data show the FTCNQ molecule to adopt a "twisted" conformation on the surface, previously found to be associated with metal adatom incorporation into a 2d-metal-organic framework for FTCNQ on Au(111), Ag(100), and Cu(111).

High economic inequality is linked to greater moralization.

Throughout the 21st century, economic inequality is predicted to increase as we face new challenges, from changes in the technological landscape to the growing climate crisis. It is crucial we understand how these changes in inequality may affect how people think and behave. We propose that economic inequality threatens the social fabric of society, in turn increasing moralization-that is, the greater tendency to employ or emphasize morality in everyday life-as an attempt to restore order and control.

Biopsychosocial well-being of nursing home residents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A 3-year longitudinal study.

The COVID-19 pandemic was not only a biological challenge, but it also took a toll on the psychological and social well-being of older adults, especially those in nursing homes. This study aims to uncover the impact of the pandemic on the biopsychosocial well-being of nursing home residents, including the role of COVID-19 positivity and social contacts. Using a sample of 247 individuals in two Northern Italian nursing homes over 3 years (2018-2021), the study analyzed a broad range of biopsychosocial variables and traced the frequency of social contacts during the lockdown.

Molecular-Scale Imaging Enables Direct Visualization of Molecular Defects and Chain Structure of Conjugated Polymers.

Conjugated polymers have become materials of choice for applications ranging from flexible optoelectronics to neuromorphic computing, but their polydispersity and tendency to aggregate pose severe challenges to their precise characterization. Here, the combination of vacuum electrospray deposition (ESD) with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to acquire, within the same experiment, assembly patterns, full mass distributions, exact sequencing, and quantification of polymerization defects. In a first step, the ESD-STM results are successfully benchmarked against NMR for low molecular mass polymers, where this technique is still applicable.

The Role of Side Chains and Hydration on Mixed Charge Transport in n-Type Polymer Films.

Introducing ethylene glycol (EG) side chains to a conjugated polymer backbone is a well-established synthetic strategy for designing organic mixed ion-electron conductors (OMIECs). However, the impact that film swelling has on mixed conduction properties has yet to be scoped, particularly for electron-transporting (n-type) OMIECs. Here, the authors investigate the effect of the length of branched EG chains on mixed charge transport of n-type OMIECs based on a naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic-diimide-bithiophene backbone.

Light and shadow of watch-and-wait strategy in rectal cancer: oncological result, clinical outcomes, and cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: The watch-and-wait (WW) strategy is a potential option for patients with rectal cancer who obtain a complete clinic response after neoadjuvant therapy. The aim of this study is to analyze the long-term oncological outcomes and perform a cost-effectiveness analysis in patients undergoing this strategy for rectal cancer.

Material And Methods: The data of patients treated with the WW strategy were prospectively collected from January 2015 to January 2020.

A Longitudinal Network of Borderline-Related Trait Vulnerabilities from Childhood to Adolescence.

Early maladaptive traits are predictive of later borderline personality pathology (BPP), but little is known about their dynamic interplay over time. This is an important issue to address, however, as significant differences in the 'clinical weight' of various traits constituting the early BPP trait phenotype may inform the field on important target constructs from an early intervention perspective. Therefore, the current study aims to uncover the complex dependencies between BPP traits across the crucial developmental period of childhood and adolescence, by using longitudinal network analysis.

Effects of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on patients with Parkinson's disease: a machine-learning voice analysis.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) can exert relevant effects on the voice of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we used artificial intelligence to objectively analyze the voices of PD patients with STN-DBS.

Materials And Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we enrolled 108 controls and 101 patients with PD.

Does FTCNQ Adsorption on Cu(111) Form a 2D-MOF?

The results of a quantitative experimental structural investigation of the adsorption phases formed by 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodimethane (FTCNQ) on Cu(111) are reported. A particular objective was to establish whether Cu adatoms are incorporated into the molecular overlayer. A combination of normal incidence X-ray standing waves, low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, complemented by dispersion-inclusive density functional theory calculations, demonstrates that FTCNQ on Cu(111) does cause Cu adatoms to be incorporated into the overlayer to form a two-dimensional metal-organic framework (2D-MOF).

Increasing Influenza Vaccination Uptake by Sending Reminders: A Representative Cross-Sectional Study on the Preferences of Italian Adults.

Evidence from countries that achieved a high seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) coverage suggests that reminders to get vaccinated may increase SIV uptake. The goal of this study was to explore the experience and attitudes of Italian adults toward an active invitation to receive SIV, triggered by different sources and delivered via different communication channels, and to assess the projected benefits of this strategy. A cross-sectional survey on a representative sample of Italian adults was conducted by using computer-assisted web interviewing.

Grandiose narcissism indirectly associates with lower psychopathology across five countries.

Using five independent non-clinical cross-cultural samples (total N = 3649; overall Mage = 29.31; 31% male and 69% female), this study explored the extent to which Dark Triad traits were indirectly associated with symptoms of psychopathology through mental toughness. Although Machiavellianism and psychopathy have not been studied extensively in this context, previous research (both cross-sectional and longitudinal) reports that grandiose narcissism increases mental toughness contributing indirectly to positive outcomes such as lower anxiety, stress, and depression.

Association of MRI leptomeningeal enhancement with disability worsening in progressive multiple sclerosis: A clinical and post-mortem study.

Background: Leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) has been described as a biomarker of meningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to (1) assess if LME is predictive of disability worsening in progressive MS (pMS) patients and (2) investigate the pathological substrates of LME in an independent post-mortem MS series.

Methods: In total, 115 pMS patients were imaged yearly with 1.

A Network Analysis Approach on the Psychological Flexibility/Inflexibility Model.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is purported to work via targeting six interrelated processes summarized as the Psychological Inflexibility/Psychological Flexibility (PI/PF) model. However, the theoretical structure and interconnections of this model have not been sufficiently explored. Lacking are examinations of the interrelations among its components.

First Measurement of Hard Exclusive π^{-}Δ^{++} Electroproduction Beam-Spin Asymmetries off the Proton.

The polarized cross-section ratio σ_{LT^{'}}/σ_{0} from hard exclusive π^{-}Δ^{++} electroproduction off an unpolarized hydrogen target has been extracted based on beam-spin asymmetry measurements using a 10.2  GeV/10.6  GeV incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab.

Acoustic analysis in stuttering: a machine-learning study.

Background: Stuttering is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder affecting speech fluency. The diagnosis and clinical management of stuttering is currently based on perceptual examination and clinical scales. Standardized techniques for acoustic analysis have prompted promising results for the objective assessment of dysfluency in people with stuttering (PWS).

Cognitive Reserve Potential: Capturing Cognitive Resilience Capability in Adolescence.

Cognitive reserve (CR) represents the adaptive response of the cognitive system responsible for preserving normal functioning in the face of brain damage. Experiential factors such as education, occupation, and leisure activities influence the development of CR. Theoretically, such factors build up from childhood and across adulthood.

Robust and language-independent acoustic features in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The analysis of vocal samples from patients with Parkinson's disease (PDP) can be relevant in supporting early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Intriguingly, speech analysis embeds several complexities influenced by speaker characteristics (e.g.

Correlation, response and entropy approaches to allosteric behaviors: a critical comparison on the ubiquitin case.

Correlation analysis and its close variant principal component analysis are tools widely applied to predict the biological functions of macromolecules in terms of the relationship between fluctuation dynamics and structural properties. However, since this kind of analysis does not necessarily imply causation links among the elements of the system, its results run the risk of being biologically misinterpreted. By using as a benchmark the structure of ubiquitin, we report a critical comparison of correlation-based analysis with the analysis performed using two other indicators, response function and transfer entropy, that quantify the causal dependence.