α-Adrenoceptor agonist induces peripheral antinociception via the endocannabinoid system.

Background: Xylazine is an α adrenoceptor agonist that is extensively used in veterinary medicine and animal experimentation procedures to produce analgesia, sedation and muscle relaxation without causing general anesthesia. Considering the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms involved in peripheral antinociception induced by xylazine and the potential interactions between the adrenergic and endocannabinoid systems, the present study investigated the contribution of the latter system in the mechanism of xylazine.

Methods: The rat paw pressure test, in which hyperalgesia was induced by the intraplantar injection of prostaglandin E, was performed.

Acute resistance exercise induces antinociception by activation of the endocannabinoid system in rats.

Background: Resistance exercise (RE) is also known as strength training, and it is performed to increase the strength and mass of muscles, bone strength, and metabolism. RE has been increasingly prescribed for pain relief. However, the endogenous mechanisms underlying this antinociceptive effect are still largely unexplored.

The endocannabinoid system mediates aerobic exercise-induced antinociception in rats.

Exercise-induced antinociception is widely described in the literature, but the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon are poorly understood. Systemic (s.c.