Fracture during oral bisphosphonate therapy is associated with deteriorated bone material strength index.

Background: Some patients experience fractures while receiving oral bisphosphonates (BPs) treatment. Clinical risk factors, advanced bone density loss, and microarchitecture deterioration have been associated with such fractures but bone tissue properties other than bone mineral density (BMD) have not been assessed.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study of postmenopausal women on bisphosphonates for at least 4years with good adherence to treatment, 21 patients with incident fractures were compared with 18 treated patients without new fractures.

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection associated with impaired intestinal motility disorder.

Infection by Strongyloides stercoralis is a highly prevalent helminthiasis, which is mostly distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Although a substantial number of cases are asymptomatic or paucisymtomatic, severe and life-threatening forms of this infection still occur and not infrequently is lately diagnosed. Gram-negative bacteria septicemia, which frequently accompanies the severe helminthiasis, contributes to the high mortality rate.

Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for functional and cognitive decline in very old people: the Octabaix study.

Objectives: To examine the incidence of functional or cognitive impairment and its associated factors in a sample of individuals aged 85 years or older with and without diabetes mellitus, who were free of significant impairment at baseline.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting: Community-based survey study of 7 primary health care centers.

Testicular microlithiasis: a review and its association with testicular cancer.

Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is an entity of unknown etiology that results in the formation of intratubular calcifications. It is of concern to the urologist because of its possible association with intratubular germ cell neoplasia and testicular germ cell cancer. Although commonly present in patients with germ cell tumors, there appears to be no definitive association with TM and cancer.

Pulmonary embolism from left subclavian vein thrombus following suprapubic prostatectomy.

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the axillary and subclavian veins accounts for approximately 1-2 percent of all recorded deep venous thrombosis. Pulmonary embolism from an upper extremity DVT has been reported to vary between 2 percent and 35.7 percent.

Nondetectable prostate-specific antigen in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of prostate.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein derived from prostatic ductal and acinar epithelial cells. The main clinical use of PSA is as a marker of prostate tumor progression/recurrence. We present a case of a sixty-nine-year-old patient with recurrent endometrioid carcinoma of the prostate (status post-radical prostatectomy, hormonal therapy, and external beam radiation therapy) with normal serum PSA.

Cyclophosphamide-associated carcinoma of urothelium: modalities for prevention.

The relationship between the cyclophosphamide metabolite acrolein and hemorrhagic cystitis is well documented. Its role in inducing bladder cancer is not clear. There are at least 35 cases of cyclophosphamide-associated bladder cancer in the literature to date.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin and interleukin-2 for treatment of superficial bladder cancer.

A total of 22 patients with bladder cancer received bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and interleukin-2. Significant bladder tumor remissions were noted in 15 of 17 patients (88%). Of 5 patients with carcinoma in situ 1 was noncompliant and he died of carcinoma in situ.

Ioxilan, a third generation low osmolality nonionic contrast medium. Systemic and renal hemodynamic effects.

The choice between high cost, low toxicity nonionic contrast media (CM) and low cost ionic CM poses a dilemma for radiologists. Ioxilan, a third generation nonionic CM, is obtained by simple conversion from an ionic CM. To examine how this economically promising, low osmolality CM (570 mOsm at 300 mgI/ml) affects canine systemic and renal hemodynamics, IV bolus injections of 350 mgI/ml at 2 ml/kg of Iohexol and Ioxilan were compared.

Human papillomavirus type 6 in grade I transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra.

Of 4 patients who underwent cystourethroscopy, biopsy and laser excision of suspected urethral condylomata acuminata 3 had coexistent grade I papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra. Human papillomavirus type 6 messenger ribonucleic acid was demonstrated within biopsy specimens using tritium-labeled single-stranded antisense ribonucleic acid probes. Compared to condylomata the papillary transitional epithelium expressed less viral message, which might be expected in an epithelium that does not show full squamous epithelial or koilocytotic differentiation.

Repeat selective embolization of solitary kidney with renal cell carcinoma: case report.

Massive bleeding in a patient with metastatic carcinoma of a solitary kidney may be controlled with transcatheter embolization. Selective occlusion may be done sparing renal parenchyma uninvolved by tumor and avoiding dialysis. We report a case of successful repeated selective embolizations with an excellent quality of life for 18 months.

Effects of the magnetic resonance contrast medium ferrioxamine methanesulfonate on systemic and renal hemodynamics in the anesthetized dog.

Ferrioxamine methanesulfonate (S-FDF) is a new magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent developed to improve magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis. This stable complex of deferoxamine methanesulfonate and iron is excreted in the urine by glomerular filtration modified by active renal tubular resorption. This study examines the acute systemic and renal hemodynamic responses to this agent after intravenous administration either as an infusion of 25 mg/kg over 5 minutes or as a rapid bolus at a dose of 50 mg/kg.

ND: YAG nomogram dosimetry scale for the bladder.

Bowel perforation and damage to surrounding organs is probably the most significant risk with the use of Nd-YAG laser in the bladder. To prevent this unwanted damage, a nomogram dosimetry scale was developed by delivering different settings of laser energy via a cystoscope to 25 female pigs. One week following treatment, exploratory laparotomy and cystectomy were performed.

Recovery of glomerular and tubular function in autotransplanted dog kidneys preserved by hypothermic storage or machine perfusion. Relation of initial function to long-term function.

Sixteen male dogs had split renal function studies prior to unilateral nephrectomy and autotransplant. Kidneys were preserved for 24 hr by either simple hypothermic storage in Collins C2 solution (SHS) or machine-perfused (MP) on a Waters machine (MOX 100) with plasmanate perfusate. Renal function studies were repeated at 1 hr and at 7, 14, and 28 days, and the statistical relationship between initial and 1-month function was determined for a number of parameters.

Single and multiple dose kinetics of a new antiepileptic drug, Org 6370, and its desmethyl metabolite, Org 6363.

The pharmacokinetic parameters of the new antiepileptic drug, Org 6370, and its desmethyl metabolite, Org 6363, were studied in healthy male volunteers. Plasma concentrations of the compounds were determined by a new method using liquid-solid extraction and capillary gas-chromatographic separation with a nitrogen-selective detector. The kinetic parameters obtained after a single oral dose of Org 6370 were not good predictors of multiple-dose parameters.

External ureteroneocystostomy in renal transplantation.

The urologic complications of 184 consecutive renal transplants (68 living-related and 116 cadaveric) performed at Walter Reed Army Medical Center are reviewed. An anterior extravesical technique modified from Witzel, Sampson, and Lich was used to reimplant the ureter. Urologic complications occurred in 11 patients (6%): urine leak (4), obstruction (3), stricture (3), and total ureteral necrosis (1).

Penile tourniquet injury due to a coil of hair.

Penile strangulation caused by a coil of hair frequently is an unrecognized clinical entity with severe potential complications, such as urethrocutaneous fistulas, necrosis of the glans and partial or complete amputation of the glans. We report on a 7-year-old boy with a tourniquet injury to the penis secondary to a strand of hair.

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of prostate presenting as benign prostatic hyperplasia.

A case of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the prostatic gland is reported. The patient presented with a classic picture of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Review of the literature disclosed about 300 reported cases.