Impact of the Timing of Stay-at-Home Orders and Mobility Reductions on First-Wave COVID-19 Deaths in US Counties.

As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission continues to evolve, understanding the contribution of location-specific variations in nonpharmaceutical interventions and behaviors to disease transmission during the initial epidemic wave will be key for future control strategies. We offer a rigorous statistical analysis of the relative effectiveness of the timing of both official stay-at-home orders and population mobility reductions during the initial stage of the US coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. We used a Bayesian hierarchical regression to fit county-level mortality data from the first case on January 21, 2020, through April 20, 2020, and quantify associations between the timing of stay-at-home orders and population mobility with epidemic control.

Hospitalization burden and survival among older glioblastoma patients.

Background: Half of all glioblastoma patients are at least 65 years old. The frequency and duration of hospitalization from disease- and treatment-related morbidity in this population are unknown.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study among patients aged 65 years and older with glioblastoma diagnosed between 1999 and 2007 using SEER-Medicare linked data.

Substance use in vulnerable patients with orofacial injury: prevalence, correlates, and unmet service needs.

Background: A large portion of the injuries treated at urban trauma centers are preventable with alcohol and substance use presenting as common antecedent risk factors.

Methods: Alcohol and drug use characteristics of vulnerable adults treated for intentional orofacial injury at a regional trauma center were investigated. Patients (N = 154) presenting with intentional facial injury were recruited.

Do the benefits of rigid internal fixation of mandible fractures justify the added costs? Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Owing to its putative advantages over conventional maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), open-reduction and rigid internal fixation (ORIF) is used frequently to treat mandible fractures, particularly in noncompliant patients. The resource-intensive nature of ORIF, the large variation in its use, and the lack of systematic studies substantiating ORIF attributed benefits compel a randomized controlled investigation comparing ORIF to MMF treatment. The objective of this study was to determine whether ORIF provides better clinical and functional outcomes than MMF in noncomplying type of patients with a similar range of mandible fracture severity.

Accuracy of data collected by surgical residents.

Purpose: Clinician records are the primary information source for assessing the quality of facial injury care, billing, risk management, planning of health services, and health-system management and reporting. Inaccuracies obscure outcomes assessment and affect the planning of health services. We sought to determine the accuracy of the clinician collected data by comparing them to similar information elicited by professional interviewers.