Identifying key roles of the pharmacy technician in primary care settings.

Purpose: As the pharmacist's role expands, particularly in primary care practice settings, there is an opportunity for expansion of pharmacy technician duties to aid in administrative and clinical tasks that do not require the pharmacist's professional judgment. Identifying, defining, and expanding the roles of pharmacy technicians has been deemed a key part of the pharmacy practice model. These roles have been shown to enhance pharmacist efficiency and patient outreach; however, examples of the various innovative activities performed by technicians in the primary care setting are lacking in the literature.

Pre-arrest diversion to addiction treatment by law enforcement: protocol for the community-level policing initiative to reduce addiction-related harm, including crime.

Background: Despite evidence that treatment reduces addiction-related harms, including crime and overdose, only a minority of addiction-affected individuals receive it. Linking individuals who committed an addiction-related crime to addiction treatment could improve outcomes.

Methods: The aim of this city-wide, pre-arrest diversion program, Madison Addiction Recovery Initiative (MARI) is to reduce crime and improve health (i.

Identification of critical factors for forming collaborative relationships between physicians and pharmacists.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe strategies that have successfully achieved collaboration among physicians and pharmacists providing comprehensive medication management (CMM) to support development of CMM services.

Methods: A 2-phase, mixed-methods approach was employed to identify successful strategies for building pharmacist-physician relationships in primary care clinic settings. Phase I used a qualitative approach to identify strategies deemed successful in building relationships with physicians.

Clinical and Economic Impact of an Integrated Care Team Model on Targeted, High-Risk Medicare Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

"Quality Improvement Success Stories" are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians, Inc., and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and strategies from programs and clinics that have successfully improved the quality of care for people with diabetes or related conditions.

Are microsatellite fragment lengths useful for population-level studies? The case of Polygala lewtonii (Polygalaceae).

Premise Of The Study: Microsatellites, despite being commonly used population-level markers, contain biases because scoring relies solely on fragment length. Their complexity can lead to homoplasy, the effects of which are poorly understood. We investigated the impact of using fragment lengths, repeats, or flanking region sequences on common population-level analyses.

Charge Transfer Excitons at van der Waals Interfaces.

The van der Waals interfaces of molecular donor/acceptor or graphene-like two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are central to concepts and emerging technologies of light-electricity interconversion. Examples include, among others, solar cells, photodetectors, and light emitting diodes. A salient feature in both types of van der Waals interfaces is the poorly screened Coulomb potential that can give rise to bound electron-hole pairs across the interface, i.

Hot electron injection from graphene quantum dots to TiO₂.

The Shockley-Queisser limit is the maximum power conversion efficiency of a conventional solar cell based on a single semiconductor junction. One approach to exceed this limit is to harvest hot electrons/holes that have achieved quasi-equilibrium in the light absorbing material with electronic temperatures higher than the phonon temperature. We argue that graphene based materials are viable candidates for hot carrier chromophores.

Rare-earth cation effects on three-dimensional metal-organic rotaxane framework (MORF) self assembly.

A set of metal-organic rotaxane frameworks (MORFs) are constructed with the use of a tetraimidazolium macrocycle, the terephthalate dianion, and the trivalent lanthanide metal cations Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III) or Tb(III) and are reported herein. The specific choice of the metal cation allows for control of the structure and luminescent properties of the resulting molecular frameworks.

Reversible surface electronic traps in PbS quantum dot solids induced by an order-disorder phase transition in capping molecules.

The electronic properties of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are critically dependent on the nature of the ligand molecules on their surfaces. Here we show the reversible formation of surface electronic trap states in the model system of solid thin films of PbS QDs capped with thiol molecules. As the temperature was increased from cryogenic to room temperature, we discovered a phase transition in the fluorescence spectra from excitonic emission to trap emission.

Multi component self-assembly: supramolecular organic frameworks containing metal-rotaxane subunits (RSOFs).

A facile, one-pot synthesis of rotaxanated supramolecular organic frameworks (RSOFs) is reported. These systems consist of bis-carboxylate anions threaded through the core of tetraimidazolium macrocycles. Trivalent metal cations, yttrium(III) and smaller lanthanides, are used to "lock" the threaded strut in place.

Clinical concepts for treatment of the elbow in the adolescent overhead athlete.

Injuries to the adolescent elbow are common because of the repetitive overuse inherent in many overhead sport activities. The management of these patients is greatly facilitated through a greater understanding of the demands placed on the upper extremity kinetic chain during these overhead activities as well as a detailed examination and rehabilitation for the entire upper extremity kinetic chain. Particular emphasis on improving rotator cuff strength and muscular endurance, along with scapular stabilization, is a critical part of elbow rehabilitation in these patients.

Effective enrichment and mass spectrometry analysis of phosphopeptides using mesoporous metal oxide nanomaterials.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based phosphoproteomics remains challenging due to the low abundance of phosphoproteins and substoichiometric phosphorylation. This demands better methods to effectively enrich phosphoproteins/peptides prior to MS analysis. We have previously communicated the first use of mesoporous zirconium dioxide (ZrO(2)) nanomaterials for effective phosphopeptide enrichment.

Mesoporous zirconium oxide nanomaterials effectively enrich phosphopeptides for mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics.

This work represents the first use of mesoporous zirconium oxide nanomaterials for highly effective and selective enrichment of phosphorylated peptides.

Management of acute glenohumeral dislocations.

The glenohumeral joint is the most commonly dislocated joint in the human body. Glenohumeral joint dislocations account for a large number of orthopedic consultations in inpatient and outpatient settings. A thorough workup is required for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of this injury.

Apophyseal avulsion fractures of the hip and pelvis.

Apophyseal avulsion fractures of the hip and pelvis are infrequent pediatric fractures. However an increase of adolescent participation in competitive sporting activities and better musculoskeletal imaging techniques has led to an increased awareness of these injuries by the medical community. These fractures can be easily missed.

Biomechanical evaluation of volar locking plates for distal radius fractures.

Purpose: Fixed-angle devices have been a major advancement in orthopedic fracture care and have become an attractive option for fixation of distal radius fractures. Several volar locking plates exist, but there is insufficient literature comparing the strengths of these plates. This study compares the biomechanical strength of two popular volar locking plate systems (Synthes LCP and Hand Innovations DVR-A) along with a nonlocking volar T-plate (Synthes).

Single-row modified mason-allen versus double-row arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a biomechanical and surface area comparison.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the time-zero biomechanical strength and the surface area of repair between a single-row modified Mason-Allen rotator cuff repair and a double-row arthroscopic repair.

Methods: Six matched pairs of sheep infraspinatus tendons were repaired by both techniques. Pressure-sensitive film was used to measure the surface area of repair for each configuration.

Determination of anterior labral repair stress during passive arm motion in a cadaveric model.

Purpose: The actual forces encountered at the labrum after anterior labral repair have yet to be quantified. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of force experienced at the glenoid-labrum interface with passive range of motion after an isolated Bankart repair and Bankart repair with capsular shift.

Methods: In 12 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders, anterior-inferior labral tears were created and then instrumented with a modified load cell.

Cyclooxygenase-2 transactivates the epidermal growth factor receptor through specific E-prostanoid receptors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme.

Cyclooxygenase-2 is often highly expressed in epithelial malignancies and likely has an active role in tumor development. But how it promotes tumorigenesis is not clearly defined. Recent evidence suggests that this may involve transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor through E-prostanoid receptors, but reports differ about the mechanism by which this occurs.

A biomechanical comparison of the modified Mason-Allen stitch and massive cuff stitch in vitro.

Purpose: The suture-tendon interface is generally regarded as the weak link in rotator cuff fixation. High rates of failure in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair have led to a search for strong yet easy-to-perform suture configurations. The goal of this study was to compare the strength of 2 commonly used suture configurations, the modified Mason-Allen stitch and the massive cuff stitch, when suture-anchored into bone.