Magnetic resonance imaging-based morphological and alignment assessment of the patellofemoral joint and its relationship to proximal patellar tendinopathy.

Objective: To assess the differences in morphology and alignment of the knee between patients with proximal patellar tendinopathy (PPT) and a control group, using MRI and focusing on the patellofemoral joint.

Methods: We retrospectively included 35 patients with clinically diagnosed and unequivocal findings of PPT on knee MRI, the case group. For the control group, we included 70 patients who underwent knee MRI for other reasons, with no clinical or MRI evidence of PPT.

Transformations of emotional experience.

In this paper the author approaches mental pain and the problems in a psychoanalytic treatment of patients with difficulties in the psychic transformation of their emotional experiences. The author is interested in the symbolic failure related to the obstruction of development of phantasies, dreams, dream-thoughts, etc. She differentiates symbolization disturbances related to hypertrophic projective identification from a detention of these primitive communications and emotional isolation.

Effects of dietary concentration and degree of polyunsaturation of dietary fat on endogenous synthesis and deposition of fatty acids in chickens.

Two experiments were performed to assess the effect of different amounts of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on fatty acid composition of chickens. The contribution of de novo fatty acid synthesis to fatty acid profile was also estimated. In trial 1, different fat sources were blended in different ratios allowing a gradient of dietary PUFA (from 15 to 61 g/kg), keeping added fat constant (9%).

Chemical composition and energy content of chickens in response to different levels of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Two experiments were performed to study the effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on abdominal fat pad weight and chemical composition of broilers. In Experiment 1, different fat sources were blended in different ratios keeping added fat level constant (9%). In Experiment 2, PUFA gradient was obtained by increasing the level of inclusion (2, 4, 6 and 8%) of PUFA-rich oil.

Influence of the dietary polyunsaturation level on chicken meat quality: lipid oxidation.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the influence of increasing amounts of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and alpha-tocopheryl acetate (alpha-TA) supplementation on lipid oxidation of raw and cooked thigh meat stored under refrigeration. One hundred ninety-two female, 1-d-old, broiler chickens were randomly distributed into 16 experimental treatments resuIting from the combination of 4 levels of dietary PUFA (15, 34, 45, and 61 g/kg) and 4 levels of supplementation with alpha-TA (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values in cooked meat and cooked refrigerated meat were 12- and 24-fold higher, respectively, than in raw meat.

Distribution of alpha-tocopherol stereoisomers in liver and thigh of chickens.

The effect of supplementation with different levels of all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate and the inclusion of different dietary contents of PUFA on the deposition of alpha-tocopherol stereoisomers in liver and thigh of chickens was evaluated. Ninety-six 1-d-old Ross female broiler chickens were randomly distributed into eight experimental treatments (three replicates each) resulting from four levels of alpha-tocopheryl acetate without supplementation and supplemented with 100, 200 and 400 mg alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg and two levels of dietary PUFA (15 and 61 g/kg). The feeds supplemented with alpha-tocopheryl acetate contained a similar proportion of each stereoisomer.

Fatty acid content in chicken thigh and breast as affected by dietary polyunsaturation level.

One hundred ninety-two female broiler chickens were randomly distributed into 16 experimental treatments as a result of the combination of 4 levels of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (15, 34, 45, and 61 g/kg) and 4 levels of supplementation with alphatocopheryl acetate (alpha-TA) (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), to determine the modification of the amount and type of fatty acids (FA) deposited in raw and cooked chicken tissues. At 44 d, quantified FA of thighs and breasts were not affected by dietary supplementation with alpha-TA. Total FA content of breast was less than 15% of the total FA content of thigh.

Relationship between dietary unsaturation and vitamin E in poultry.

Vitamin E requirements are linked to dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content as a result of the protective effect of vitamin E from lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, it has been suggested that dietary PUFA interfere with vitamin E absorption. A 4 x 4 factorial study was planned to assess the effect of dietary vitamin E inclusion level (0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and degree of unsaturation (15, 34, 45 and 61 g PUFA/kg) on vitamin E apparent absorption and tissue deposition in poultry.

Safety and efficacy of sibutramine in overweight Hispanic patients with hypertension.

This 6-month randomized study evaluated the safety and efficacy of sibutramine in 57 overweight Hispanic patients with hypertension. Following a 2-week washout to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension, antihypertensive medication was adjusted to achieve a blood pressure less than 140/90 mm Hg before institution of either sibutramine 10 mg or placebo once a day. A body mass index in excess of 27 kg/m2 was required for entry.

Accumulation of alpha-tocopherol in eggs enriched with omega3 and omega6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the pattern of accumulation of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc) in egg as a response to dietary supplementation with 200 mg/kg diet of alpha-tocopheryl acetate (alpha-TA) and whether the inclusion of dietary oils with different fatty acid (FA) composition affected this parameter. Forty hens were randomly distributed into two treatments resulting from the supplementation of a basal diet containing 200 mg/kg alpha-TA with either 5% linseed oil (LO) or sunflower oil (SO). alpha-Tocopherol concentration of eggs was measured at 0, 4, 9, 14, 19, and 50 d after inclusion of the experimental diets.

Alpha-tocopherol transfer efficiency and lipid oxidation in fresh and spray-dried eggs enriched with omega3-polyunsaturated fatty acids.

We evaluated the effect of supplementing a basal diet containing 5% linseed oil with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of alpha-tocopheryl acetate (alpha-TA) on alpha-tocopherol content, fatty acid composition, and lipid oxidation in fresh and spray-dried eggs during storage. Alpha-tocopherol transfer efficiency from feed to egg was also studied. The alpha-tocopherol content of fresh egg increased in a dose-dependent manner (16.

Second phase of a double-blind study clinical trial on Sibutramine for the treatment of patients suffering essential obesity: 6 months after treatment cross-over.

Objective: To evaluate the weight gain after Sibutramine 10 mg daily discontinuation. To evaluate the effect of Sibutramine 10 mg daily in patients who were on a diet for 6 months.

Design: After a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, prospective phase for 6 months, the treatments were crossed over and the patients continued in double-blind observation for another 6-month period.

A clinical trial of the use of sibutramine for the treatment of patients suffering essential obesity.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Sibutramine 10 mg per os, once a day in obese patients over a period of 6 months.

Design: A monocenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, prospective clinical trial.

Subjects: 109 male and female obese patients (BMI>30 kg/m2) from 16 to 65 y entered the trial.

ACTH secreting pituitary microadenomas disclosed only by gadolinium DTPA enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To assess the usefulness of Gd-DTPA enhancement in disclosing microadenomas of the pituitary gland that had not been demonstrated by non enhanced MRI in patients with Cushing's disease.

Methods: Six patients with Cushing's disease underwent pre and post enhancement MRI scanning and the findings were correlated at surgery and confirmed by histological and immunohistochemistry studies of the surgical specimen.

Results: In all cases post enhancement MR scans demonstrated circumscribed hypointense foci that corresponded well with the location and extension of the adenomatous tissue found at surgery.

Theories on anxiety in Freud and Melanie Klein. Their metapsychological status.

This paper presents a comparative study of the theories on anxiety formulated by Freud and Melanie Klein, with particular emphasis on the questions of its origin, its meaning for the individual and its function in both theoretical systems. The purpose of this comparative analysis is to offer an instrument which helps frame the theoretical discussions in psychoanalysis in an epistemological context. The authors hold that for Freud anxiety is considered as one more amongst the various manifestations of mental life, which his general theories try to explain, whereas for Melanie Klein anxiety and its destinies occupies a central place in her theories on mental functioning.

Beyond Freudian metapsychology. The metapsychological points of view of the Kleinian School.

This paper deals with the term 'metapsychology' and its different usages, especially emphasizing the concept of 'point of view' in order to stress its epistemological importance. Two metapsychological areas are then suggested, each with different contents. After an enumeration and brief analysis of the main hypotheses of the Kleinian school, and applying the aforementioned distinction, the following points of view, contained in the Kleinian developments, are put forward and explained; namely, the positional, the economic policy, the dramatic and the spatial points of view.