Correction: Robertson et al. Al Modification of Graphene Oxide Membranes: Effect of Al Source. 2022, , 1237.

The authors wish to make a correction to the published paper [...

Co-occurrence of direct and indirect extracellular electron transfer mechanisms during electroactive respiration in a dissimilatory sulfate reducing bacterium.

Understanding the extracellular electron transfer mechanisms of electroactive bacteria could help determine their potential in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and their microbial syntrophy with redox-active minerals in natural environments. However, the mechanisms of extracellular electron transfer to electrodes by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) remain underexplored. Here, we utilized double-chamber MFCs with carbon cloth electrodes to investigate the extracellular electron transfer mechanisms of Hildenborough (H), a model SRB, under varying lactate and sulfate concentrations using different H mutants.

Modeling the interaction between tubuloglomerular feedback and myogenic mechanisms in the control of glomerular mechanics.

Mechanical stresses and strains exerted on the glomerular cells have emerged as potentially influential factors in the progression of glomerular disease. Renal autoregulation, the feedback process by which the afferent arteriole changes in diameter in response to changes in blood pressure, is assumed to control glomerular mechanical stresses exerted on the glomerular capillaries. However, it is unclear how the two major mechanisms of renal autoregulation, the afferent arteriole myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF), each contribute to the maintenance of glomerular mechanical homeostasis.

Unveiling contrasts in microbiota response: A1c control improves dysbiosis in low-A1c T2DM, but fails in high-A1c cases-a key to metabolic memory?

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with dysbiosis in the gut microbiota (MB). Individually, each medication appears to partially correct this. However, there are no studies on the response of the MB to changes in A1c.

Ocular screening for chronic graft-versus-host disease in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Objective: This study investigates ocular manifestations of graft-versus-host disease in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB). Preferred practice pattern guidelines are proposed for ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGHVD) detection.

Methods: The Epic electronic medical record database at UTMB was screened using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), codes for bone marrow transplants, stem cell transplants, and complications of bone marrow transplants and stem cell transplants.

Snake Robot with Motion Based on Shape Memory Alloy Spring-Shaped Actuators.

This study presents the design and evaluation of a prototype snake-like robot that possesses an actuation system based on shape memory alloys (SMAs). The device is constructed based on a modular structure of links connected by two degrees of freedom links utilizing Cardan joints, where each degree of freedom is actuated by an agonist-antagonist mechanism using the SMA spring-shaped actuators to generate motion, which can be easily replaced once they reach a degradation point. The methodology for programming the spring shape into the SMA material is described in this work, as well as the instrumentation required for the monitoring and control of the actuators.

The principles of natural climate solutions.

Natural climate solutions can mitigate climate change in the near-term, during a climate-critical window. Yet, persistent misunderstandings about what constitutes a natural climate solution generate unnecessary confusion and controversy, thereby delaying critical mitigation action. Based on a review of scientific literature and best practices, we distill five foundational principles of natural climate solutions (nature-based, sustainable, climate-additional, measurable, and equitable) and fifteen operational principles for practical implementation.

Trends and Challenges: 2010-2020.

There is evidence of persistent inequalities in household financial protection of health and drugs spending in Latin America. Despite the expansion of coverage, strong inequalities persist in access to health and family spending on drugs in the region. Out-of-pocket spending in medicines is regressive in greater need for affordable medicines.

Establishment of oral microbiome in very low birth weight infants during the first weeks of life and the impact of oral diet implementation.

Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, mostly preterm, have many barriers to feeding directly from the mother's breast, and need to be fed alternatively. Feeding is a major influencer in oral microbial colonization, and this colonization in early life is crucial for the promotion of human health. Therefore, this research aimed to observe the establishment of oral microbiome in VLBW infants during their first month of life through hospitalization, and to verify the impact caused by the implementation of oral diet on the colonization of these newborns.

Fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with metabolic syndrome and obesity: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disease, and the gut microbiota may play a role in its pathogenesis. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, is associated with insulin resistance, often increasing the risk of type two diabetes mellitus, vascular endothelial dysfunction, an abnormal lipid profile, hypertension, and vascular inflammation, all of which promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Blood orange juice intake changes specific bacteria of gut microbiota associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers.

Blood orange juice is an important source of flavanones and anthocyanins, mainly hesperidin, narirutin, and cyanidin-3--glucoside. The benefits of these bioactive compounds have been reported, but the mechanistic details behind their biological effects are not well established. This study investigated the effects of Moro orange ( L.

Al Modification of Graphene Oxide Membranes: Effect of Al Source.

Graphene oxide (GO) membranes are promising materials for water filtration applications due to abundant nanochannels in the membrane structure. Because GO membranes are unstable in water, metal cations such as Al are often introduced to the membrane structure to promote cross-linking between individual GO sheets. Here, we describe a simple yet versatile method to incorporate Al into GO membranes formed via a slow self-assembly process.

Persistence in a large network of sparsely interacting neurons.

This article presents a biological neural network model driven by inhomogeneous Poisson processes accounting for the intrinsic randomness of synapses. The main novelty is the introduction of sparse interactions: each firing neuron triggers an instantaneous increase in electric potential to a fixed number of randomly chosen neurons. We prove that, as the number of neurons approaches infinity, the finite network converges to a nonlinear mean-field process characterised by a jump-type stochastic differential equation.

Using Al to Tailor Graphene Oxide Nanochannels: Impact on Membrane Stability and Permeability.

Graphene oxide (GO) membranes, which form from the lamination of GO sheets, attract much attention due to their unique nanochannels. There is much interest in controlling the nanochannel structures and improving the aqueous stability of GO membranes so they can be effectively used in separation and filtration applications. This study employed a simple yet effective method of introducing trivalent aluminum cations to a GO sheet solution through the oxidation of aluminum foil, which modifies the nanochannels in the self-assembled GO membrane by increasing the inter-sheet distance while decreasing intra-sheet spacing.

A Review of the Roles and Limitations of Noninvasive Imaging Methods for Investigating Cardiovascular Disease in Individuals with Obesity.

Body weight has increased worldwide, characterizing a pandemic of overweight and obesity. Obesity is associated with several risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, the association between increased body weight and cardiovascular disease is independent of the presence of classical cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Impact of Oropharyngeal Administration of Colostrum in Preterm Newborns' Oral Microbiome.

The initial colonization of the human microbiota is of paramount importance. In this context, the oropharyngeal administration of colostrum is a safe, viable, and well-tolerated practice even by the smallest preterm infants. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of oropharyngeal administration of colostrum on the establishment of preterm infants' oral microbiota.

Simulations of increased glomerular capillary wall strain in the 5/6-nephrectomized rat.

Objective: Chronic glomerular hypertension is associated with glomerular injury and sclerosis; however, the mechanism by which increases in pressure damage glomerular podocytes remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that increases in glomerular pressure may deleteriously affect podocyte structural integrity by increasing the strain of the glomerular capillary walls, and that glomerular capillary wall strain may play a significant role in the perpetuation of glomerular injury in disease states that are associated with glomerular hypertension.

Methods: We developed an anatomically accurate mathematical model of a compliant, filtering rat glomerulus to quantify the strain of the glomerular capillary walls in a remnant glomerulus of the 5/6-nephrectomized rat model of chronic kidney disease.

Prioritizing actions: spatial action maps for conservation.

Spatial prioritization is a critical step in conservation planning, a process designed to ensure that limited resources are applied in ways that deliver the highest possible returns for biodiversity and human wellbeing. In practice, many spatial prioritizations fall short of their potential by focusing on places rather than actions, and by using data of snapshots of assets or threats rather than estimated impacts. We introduce spatial action mapping as an approach that overcomes these shortfalls.

Evaluating quality in adolescent mental health services: a systematic review.

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of adolescent mental health service provision globally, according to the WHO Global Standards of adolescent mental health literacy, appropriate package of services and provider competencies.

Design And Data Sources: Systematic review of 5 databases, and screening of eligible articles, from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2020.

Study Eligibility Criteria: We focused on quantitative and mixed-method studies that evaluated adolescent mental health literacy, appropriate package of services and provider competencies in mental health services, and that targeted depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder among adolescents (10-19 years).

Gut Microbiome of Children and Adolescents With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Association With Ulcerative Colitis.

Few studies reported the relation of intestinal microbiome composition and diversity in pediatric patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In this cross-sectional study, we selected patients younger than 19 years old from the pediatric gastroenterology and hepatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital to describe the intestinal microbiome of pediatric patients with PSC associated or not to UC. Patients were divided in PSC, PSC+UC, and UC diagnosis.

Simulations of Glomerular Shear and Hoop Stresses in Diabetes, Hypertension, and Reduced Renal Mass using a Network Model of a Rat Glomerulus.

A novel anatomically accurate model of rat glomerular filtration is used to quantify shear stresses on the glomerular capillary endothelium and hoop stresses on the glomerular capillary walls. Plasma, erythrocyte volume, and plasma protein mass are distributed at network nodes using pressure differentials calculated taking into account volume loss to filtration, improving on previous models which only took into account blood apparent viscosity in calculating pressures throughout the network. Filtration is found to be heterogeneously distributed throughout the glomerular capillary network and is determined by concentration of plasma proteins and surface area of the filtering capillary segments.

[Transdermal buprenorphine for acute postoperative pain: a systematic review].

Background And Objectives: Postoperative pain is still a major concern in several surgical procedures. Multimodal analgesia is best for postoperative pain management; however, opioid therapy is still the main treatment for pain after surgical procedures. Transdermal buprenorphine is a partial μ-agonist opioid widely used for chronic pain syndromes, with limited evidence for acute postoperative pain.

Perception of risk factors for cancer in the ABC population.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the knowledge about risk factors for cancer in patients treated at the ABC Medical School (FMABC). METHODS Cross-sectional observational study conducted in 2019. The American Cancer Institute's Cancer Risk Awareness Survey questionnaire was used with 29 cancer risk factors, 14 of which were proven to cause cancer and 15 without consensus or scientific evidence of causality with cancer but that are often reminded by most of the population.