Changes in DNA Methylation and Gene Expression of Insulin and Obesity-Related Gene after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

Weight regulation and the magnitude of weight loss after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can be genetically determined. DNA methylation patterns and the expression of some genes can be altered after weight loss interventions, including RYGB. The present study aimed to evaluate how the gene expression and DNA methylation of , an obesity and insulin-related gene, change after RYGB.

DNA methylation pattern changes following a short-term hypocaloric diet in women with obesity.

Background/objectives: We aimed to investigate the effects of short-term hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss on DNA methylation profile in leukocytes from women with severe obesity.

Methods: Eleven women with morbid obesity (age: 36.9 ± 10.

Green tea supplementation improves oxidative stress biomarkers and modulates IL-6 circulating levels in obese women.

Introduction: obesity is associated with high levels of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. There is a lot of evidence that some polyphenols, such as green tea, have a positive impact on the OS state and consecutively, on inflammation. Objectives: the purposes of this study were: a) evaluate OS biomarkers in both obese and normal weight women; and b) evaluate if green tea supplementation has an impact on OS and inflammatory cytokine biomarkers of obese women.

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 signaling in obese women changes after bariatric surgery.

Objectives: After bariatric surgery, modifications to signaling pathway networks including those of the metabolic regulator called mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) may lead to molecular alterations related to energy source availability, systemic nutrients, and catabolic and anabolic cellular processes. This study aimed to identify gene expression changes with regard to the mTOR complex 2 subunit signaling pathway in obese patients before and after bariatric surgery.

Methods: The experimental group included 13 obese women who were examined before (preoperative) and 6 mo after (postoperative) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Green tea supplementation upregulates uncoupling protein 3 expression in severe obese women adipose tissue but does not promote weight loss.

This study aims (i) to verify expression of the UCPs, PLIN1, PPARG2, and ADRB3 genes in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women at baseline and after 8 weeks of supplementation with decaffeinated green tea extract, and (ii) to associate findings with clinical parameters. This is a longitudinal study during which 11 women with obesity grade III were submitted to supplementation with 450 mg of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (intervention group); the control group consisted of 10 eutrophic women. Anthropometric parameters [weight, height, and body mass index (BMI)], resting metabolic rate (RMR, measured by indirect calorimetry), and gene expression (measured by real-time PCR, RT-qPCR) were determined before and after supplementation.

Nutritional Status of Children from Women with Previously Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Number of pregnancies has been increasing in women of childbearing age after the gastric bypass.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children of women submitted to gastric bypass.

Methods: We evaluated anthropometric, breastfeeding and biochemical profile, body composition, and dietary intake indicators of children of both sexes who were born alive after the surgery.

Bariatric Surgery and Precision Nutrition.

This review provides a literature overview of new findings relating nutritional genomics and bariatric surgery. It also describes the importance of nutritional genomics concepts in personalized bariatric management. It includes a discussion of the potential role bariatric surgery plays in altering the three pillars of nutritional genomics: nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, and epigenetics.

Changes in Global Transcriptional Profiling of Women Following Obesity Surgery Bypass.

Background: Differential gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is poorly characterized. Markers of these processes may provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that underlie these events. The main goal of this study was to identify changes in PBMC gene expression in women with obesity before and 6 months after RYGB-induced weight loss.

Comparison of gene expression profile between blood cells and white adipose tissue of patients with obesity.

Introduction: Gene expression analyses from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and white adipose tissue are conflicting. It seems that results from single tissue are not enough to explain how changes affect humans as a complex biological system.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare, from obesity subjects, PBMC and white adipose tissue gene expression that regulates adipogenesis (perilipin 1 [PLIN1], adrenoreceptor beta 3 [ADRB3] and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPARG2]) and the energy metabolism (uncoupling protein UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3) process.

UCP2 expression is associated with weight loss after hypocaloric diet intervention.

Background/objectives: Although energy restriction contributes to weight loss, it may also reduce energy expenditure, limiting the success of weight loss in the long term. Studies have described how genetics contributes to the development of obesity, and uncoupling proteins 1 and 2 (UCP1 and UCP2) and beta-3-adrenoceptor (ADRB3) have been implicated in the metabolic pathways that culminate in this condition. This study aimed to evaluate how the UCP1, UCP2 and ADRB3 genes influence weight loss in severely obese women submitted to hypocaloric dietary intervention.

LEP -2548G>A Polymorphism of the Leptin Gene and Its Influence on the Lipid Profile in Obese Individuals.

Background/aim: We studied the molecular pathogenesis of obesity, involving complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors, with a focus on the leptin gene. It was our aim to characterize the LEP -2548G>A leptin polymorphism and lipid profile in obese and normal-weight individuals.

Methods: A total of 212 individuals were divided into the study group including 136 obese patients (body mass index, BMI≥30) and the control group with 76 normal-weight individuals (BMI>18.