HER2DX genomic test in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer.

Therapies targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer significantly impact patient outcomes, quality of life, and health care systems. While chemotherapy and trastuzumab improve survival in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer, variability in clinical and biological characteristics leads to different response to therapies and outcomes. Clinical guidelines provide general recommendations, but significant uncertainty persists in identifying an optimal treatment plan for individual patients.

Evidence-based clinical standard for the diagnosis and treatment of candidemia in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit.

Candidemia is the predominant form of invasive candidiasis and the most frequently occurring serious fungal infection in critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Studies carried out in Latin America reveal a higher incidence of candidemia and higher mortality rates when compared to North America or Europe. This highlights the need to develop guidelines for correctly diagnosing and treating candidemia in critically ill patients in the ICU.

Efficacy and safety of antibody-drug conjugates in pretreated HER2-low metastatic breast cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) and sacituzumab-govitecan (SG) provided significant progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) improvements over chemotherapy (CT) in pretreated hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and triple-negative (TN)/HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, no direct comparison between the two exists, nor with the more recent datopotamab-deruxtecan (Dato-DXd).

Methods: We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare efficacy and safety of T-DXd and SG in CT-pretreated HR+ and TN/HER2-low MBC and assess their benefit over standard CT, exploring also a comparison with Dato-DXd.

Prognostic value of residual disease (RD) biology and gene expression changes during the neoadjuvant treatment in patients with HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC).

Background: In HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC), we investigated tumor and immune changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their impact on residual disease (RD) biology and prognostic implications across 4 neoadjuvant studies of trastuzumab with or without lapatinib, and with or without chemotherapy: CALGB 40601, PAMELA, NeoALTTO and NSABP B-41.

Patients And Methods: We compared tumor and immune gene expression changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their association with with event-free survival (EFS) by uni- and multivariable Cox regression models in different cohorts and timepoints: 452 RD samples at baseline including 169 with a paired RD, and biomarker changes during neoadjuvant therapy, evaluating model performance via the c-index.

Results: Analysis of 169 paired tumor samples revealed a shift in intrinsic subtype proportions from HER2-Enriched at baseline (50.

Olutasidenib demonstrates significant clinical activity in mutated IDH1 acute myeloid leukaemia arising from a prior myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) arising from a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) is more aggressive and less responsive to therapies compared to de novo AML. Olutasidenib, an oral small-molecule inhibitor of mutated IDH1 (mIDH1), showed encouraging and durable responses in a phase 1/2 study of adults with post-MPN mIDH1 AML. Patients received olutasidenib 150 mg BID monotherapy or in combination with azacitidine.

Asciminib add-on to imatinib demonstrates sustained high rates of ongoing therapy and deep molecular responses with prolonged follow-up in the ASC4MORE study.

Background: Up to 65% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are treated with imatinib do not achieve sustained deep molecular response, which is required to attempt treatment-free remission. Asciminib is the only approved BCR::ABL1 inhibitor that Specifically Targets the ABL Myristoyl Pocket. This unique mechanism of action allows asciminib to be combined with adenosine triphosphate-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to prevent resistance and enhance efficacy.

A new species of Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Octocorallia, Malacalcyonacea) from a mesophotic fishing shoal in the eastern Pacific.

Heterogorgia abdita sp. nov. is a newly identified mesophotic octocoral species collected at Tigre shoal off Santa Elena Peninsula (Pacific Costa Rica).

Modeling voice production and self-perception in noise: Understanding the Lombard effect in non-phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunctiona).

The sensorimotor adaptation process is crucial for maintaining oral communication. Recent studies have shown that individuals with non-phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (NPVH) experience difficulties in sensorimotor adaptation when speaking in noise (known as the Lombard effect). However, the role of auditory and somatosensory feedback in the dynamics of adaptation to speaking in noise is still unclear.

Essential Factors on Effective Response at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic Comment on "Experiences and Implications of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Emergency in Italy: A Social Science Perspective".

The COVID-19 pandemic in Italy is a stark reminder of the necessity of incorporating the social, economic, and political context in planning responses to public health emergencies. During the ongoing global COVID-19 crisis, it is not just crucial but a shared responsibility to supplement epidemiological approaches with insights from the social sciences. This ensures effective and equitable policies, and it is a responsibility that each of us in the field shares.

Predictive modelling of the effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 in Bogotá: Methodological innovation involving different variants and computational optimisation efficiency.

The uncertainty associated with the future of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 poses a challenge to public health officials because of its implications for welfare, economics and population health. In this document, we develop an age-stratified epidemiological-mathematical model to predict various health outcomes, considering the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The analytical model proposed and developed for this research is based on the approach constructed by the COVID-19 International Modelling Consortium.

Quizartinib: a potent and selective FLT3 inhibitor for the treatment of patients with FLT3-ITD-positive AML.

Mutations in FMS-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) are among the most common alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), present in ≈30% of newly diagnosed AML cases. Internal tandem duplications (ITD) in FLT3 (FLT3-ITD) occur in ≈25% of newly diagnosed AML cases and are associated with unfavorable outcomes. Quizartinib (formerly AC220) is a novel, second-generation, highly potent, and selective type II FLT3 inhibitor.

sp. nov. (Bothriocephalidae Blanchard, 1849), a cestode parasite of the shorthead lizardfish (Synodontidae) from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica.

A new species of bothriocephalid cestode in the genus is described from the intestine of the shorthead lizardfish from the north Pacific coast of Costa Rica. The new species is described based on an integrative taxonomic approach that includes the use of light and scanning electron microscopy, 28S rDNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. sp.

Pregnancy care experiences for adults with congenital heart disease in the United States.

Background: Research to reduce maternal morbidity due to cardiovascular disease is vitally important in the United States, especially for the growing number of individuals with congenital heart disease (CHD) reaching childbearing age. Understanding patient experiences through patient engagement is critical to designing research that is aligned with the needs of adults with CHD undergoing pregnancy.

Methods: This patient engagement project, grounded in human centered design, focuses on the discovering patient and healthcare provider priorities for reducing maternal morbidity in CHD through patient centered outcomes research (PCOR).

Physician Opinions on Artificial Intelligence Chatbots In Dermatology: A National Online Cross-Sectional Survey of Dermatologists.

Background: Artificial intelligence chatbots (AIC) have sharply risen in popularity. Dermatology, heavily involving visual, clinical, and pathological pattern-recognition techniques, will be impacted by AIC. Thus, this study aims to categorize the attitudes and beliefs of American dermatologists towards AIC and their potential uses, benefits, and risks.

New species and records of limpets (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the Pacific Costa Rica Margin.

The ocean remains a reservoir of unknown biodiversity, particularly in the deep sea. Chemosynthesis-based ecosystems, such as hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps, host unique and diverse life forms that continue to be discovered and described. The present study focuses on patelliform gastropods (limpets) collected from Pacific Costa Rica Margin hydrocarbon seeps during three research cruises from 2017 to 2019.

Weighted families of contact maps to characterize conformational ensembles of (highly-)flexible proteins.

Motivation: Characterizing the structure of flexible proteins, particularly within the realm of intrinsic disorder, presents a formidable challenge due to their high conformational variability. Currently, their structural representation relies on (possibly large) conformational ensembles derived from a combination of experimental and computational methods. The detailed structural analysis of these ensembles is a difficult task, for which existing tools have limited effectiveness.