Matching asymmetry of tremor with asymmetry of postmortem cerebellar hemispheric changes in essential tremor.

Although the number of postmortem studies in essential tremor (ET) has grown in recent years, clinical-pathological correlations remain limited. We are unaware of a study that has assessed whether the pathological changes in ET, if asymmetric, lateralize to the cerebellar hemisphere that is ipsilateral to the arm with more severe action tremor, as one would predict if the lesions were tremor producing. We compared postmortem changes in the right vs.

Assessment of collagen-coated anterior mesh through morphology and clinical outcomes in pelvic reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse.

Study Objective: To assess the morphologic features of anterior armed transobturator collagen-coated polypropylene mesh and its clinical outcomes in pelvic reconstructive surgery to treat pelvic organ prolapse.

Design: Evidence obtained from several timed series with intervention (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).

Setting: Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China.

Genome-wide methylation analyses in glioblastoma multiforme.

Few studies had investigated genome-wide methylation in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Our goals were to study differential methylation across the genome in gene promoters using an array-based method, as well as repetitive elements using surrogate global methylation markers. The discovery sample set for this study consisted of 54 GBM from Columbia University and Case Western Reserve University, and 24 brain controls from the New York Brain Bank.

[Quality of the diet and lifestyles in health sciences students].

Objective: To evaluate the eating habits of the students of the University of Alicante of the degrees of Human Nutrition and Dietetics and Nursing.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out to 184 students of both sexes (96 of Human Nutrition and Dietetics and Nursing 88) of the University of Alicante. Were weighed and carved to calculate BMI; food consumption was estimated by the reminder of 24 hours; intake of macro and micronutrients were calculated using the program Easydiet.

Changes of peripheral TGF-β1 depend on monocytes-derived macrophages in Huntington disease.

Background: Huntington Disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the expansion of polyglutamine stretch in the huntingtin protein (Htt). Mutant HTT (mHtt) leads to progressive impairment of several molecular pathways that have been linked to disease pathogenesis. Defects in the production of a number of neurotrophic factors have been described as important determinants contributing to the development of HD.

[Correspondence between the fatty acids in healthy children serum and in membrane phospholipids].

Introduction: The diet is important in the supply of fatty acids in humans, especially those of the n-3 and n-6 families by its essentiality and related physiological function. It is important to have reference values in accessible biological samples: serum and erythrocyte membranes, in order to alleviate potential shortfalls. The objective is quantifying fatty acids present in these samples from C6 to C26.

Validation of the bladder control self-assessment questionnaire (B-SAQ) in men.

Objective: To validate the Bladder Control Self-Assessment Questionnaire (B-SAQ), a short screener to assess lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and overactive bladder (OAB) in men.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, single-centre study including 211 patients in a urology outpatient setting. All patients completed the B-SAQ and Kings Health Questionnaire (KHQ) before consultation, and the consulting urologist made an independent assessment of LUTS and the need for treatment.

Purkinje cell axonal anatomy: quantifying morphometric changes in essential tremor versus control brains.

Growing clinical, neuro-imaging and post-mortem data have implicated the cerebellum as playing an important role in the pathogenesis of essential tremor. Aside from a modest reduction of Purkinje cells in some post-mortem studies, Purkinje cell axonal swellings (torpedoes) are present to a greater degree in essential tremor cases than controls. Yet a detailed study of more subtle morphometric changes in the Purkinje cell axonal compartment has not been undertaken.

Quantification of cerebellar hemispheric purkinje cell linear density: 32 ET cases versus 16 controls.

Although essential tremor (ET) is among the most prevalent neurological diseases, its precise pathogenesis is not understood. Purkinje cell loss has been observed in some studies and is the focus of interest and debate. Expressing these data as Purkinje cells/layer length allows one to adjust for the inherent curved nature of the cerebellar folia.

[High ratio of omega 6/omega 3 ratio children with neuropathies; cause or effect].

Introduction: The n-3 and n-6 fatty acids compete for the same elongases and desaturases, still highly deficient synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids from n-3 linolenic acid. The n-3 polyunsaturated prevent disease and are important in the development and maintenance of neuronal activities, necessitating a proper relationship with their antagonists n-6. This paper studies the proportion of these fatty acids.

[Trans fatty acids in the nutrition of children with neurological disorders].

Introduction: Trans-fatty acids are present in various foods, being the only source of the same in humans. Its presence in high concentrations is a risk factor for health, being involved in a series of events, cardiovascular, inflammatory, etc. Therefore, steps have been taken for its decrease in the diet.

Four related esters: two 4-(aroylhydrazinyl)-3-nitrobenzoates and two 3-aryl-1,2,4-benzotriazine-6-carboxylates.

The molecules of both methyl 4-[2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)hydrazinyl]-3-nitrobenzoate, C15H12ClN3O5, (I), and methyl 4-[2-(2-fluorobenzoyl)hydrazinyl]-3-nitrobenzoate, C15H12FN3O5, (II), contain an intramolecular N-H···O hydrogen bond, and both show electronic polarization in the nitrated aryl ring. In both compounds, molecules are linked by a combination of N-H···O and C-H···O hydrogen bonds to form sheets, which are built from R4(3)(18) rings in (I) and from R4(4)(28) rings in (II). In each of methyl 3-phenyl-1,2,4-benzotriazine-6-carboxylate, C15H11N3O2, (III), and methyl 3-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-benzotriazine-6-carboxylate, C16H13N3O2, (IV), the benzotriazine unit shows naphthalene-type delocalization.

Lingo-1 expression is increased in essential tremor cerebellum and is present in the basket cell pinceau.

The Lingo-1 sequence variant has been associated with essential tremor (ET) in several genome-wide association studies. However, the role that Lingo-1 might play in pathogenesis of ET is not understood. Since Lingo-1 protein is a negative regulator of axonal regeneration and neurite outgrowth, it could contribute to Purkinje cell (PC) or basket cell axonal pathology observed in postmortem studies of ET brains.

The inferior olivary nucleus: a postmortem study of essential tremor cases versus controls.

The pathogenesis of essential tremor is poorly understood. Historically, it has been hypothesized that the inferior olivary nucleus plays an important role in the generation of tremor in essential tremor, yet a detailed, controlled, anatomic-pathological study of that brain region has yet to be conducted. A detailed postmortem study was undertaken of the microscopic changes in the inferior olivary nucleus of 14 essential tremor cases versus 15 age-matched controls at the Essential Tremor Centralized Brain Repository.

Interplay of LRRK2 with chaperone-mediated autophagy.

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of familial Parkinson's disease. We found LRRK2 to be degraded in lysosomes by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), whereas the most common pathogenic mutant form of LRRK2, G2019S, was poorly degraded by this pathway. In contrast to the behavior of typical CMA substrates, lysosomal binding of both wild-type and several pathogenic mutant LRRK2 proteins was enhanced in the presence of other CMA substrates, which interfered with the organization of the CMA translocation complex, resulting in defective CMA.

Cerebellar pathology of a dual clinical diagnosis: patients with essential tremor and dystonia.

Background: Clinical studies have implicated the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of essential tremor (ET), and recent postmortem studies have identified structural changes in the ET cerebellum. While the basal ganglia have traditionally been implicated in dystonia, cerebellar involvement has been suggested as well, and a recent study showed Purkinje cell (PC) loss. We conducted a detailed postmortem examination of the brain in four individuals with clinical diagnoses of ET and dystonia, and hypothesized that pathological changes in the cerebellum would be greater in these four ET cases than in published ET cases without dystonia.

Strong correlation between molecular configurations and charge-transfer processes probed at the single-molecule level by surface-enhanced Raman scattering.

Single-molecule (SM) electrochemistry studied by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with high spectral resolution reveals a picture in which the frequency of Raman modes is correlated with the electrochemical process through the interaction with the surface. Previously unexplored phenomena can be revealed by the synergy of electrochemistry and SM-SERS, which explores in this case subtler spectroscopic aspects (like the frequency of a vibration within the inhomogeneous broadening of a many-molecules Raman peak) to gain the information. We demonstrate, among other things, that the interaction with the surface is correlated both with the molecule vibrational frequencies and with the ability of single molecules to be reduced/oxidized at different potentials along the electrochemical cycle.

Macroautophagy abnormality in essential tremor.

Macroautophagy is a cellular mechanism for the clearance of protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Impaired macroautophagy has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated the macroautophagy pathway in essential tremor (ET) cases compared to age-matched controls.

Hydrogen-bonded sheet structures in methyl 4-(4-chloroanilino)-3-nitrobenzoate and methyl 1-benzyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate.

In methyl 4-(4-chloroanilino)-3-nitrobenzoate, C(14)H(11)ClN(2)O(4), (I), there is an intramolecular N-H...

Essential tremor followed by progressive supranuclear palsy: postmortem reports of 11 patients.

For many years, clinicians have commented on the development of signs of parkinsonism among their essential tremor (ET) patients, but the links between ET and parkinsonism are not well understood. We report 11 (12.4%) of 89 ET patients who were prospectively collected at the Essential Tremor Centralized Brain Repository during the course of its first 9 years.

Synthesis of 3-aryl-1,2,4-benzotriazines via intramolecular cyclization of solid-supported o-hydrazidoanilines.

An efficient solid-phase protocol for the rapid generation of libraries of biologically promising 1,2,4-benzotriazines, including amino acid-derived components, is described.

A pre-operative planning for endoprosthetic human tracheal implantation: a decision support system based on robust design of experiments.

Swallowing depends on physiological variables that have a decisive influence on the swallowing capacity and on the tracheal stress distribution. Prosthetic implantation modifies these values and the overall performance of the trachea. The objective of this work was to develop a decision support system based on experimental, numerical and statistical approaches, with clinical verification, to help the thoracic surgeon in deciding the position and appropriate dimensions of a Dumon prosthesis for a specific patient in an optimal time and with sufficient robustness.

A comparison study of two lower urinary tract symptoms screening tools in clinical practice: the B-SAQ and OAB-V8 questionnaires.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) have a detrimental effect on quality-of-life (QoL). However, sufferers are often reluctant to seek help. Screening for LUTS will identify patients with bothersome symptoms who may benefit from treatment and allow patients to self-assess their symptoms and the need for medical intervention, potentially saving costly medical time and reducing long-term morbidity.

Neurofilament protein levels: quantitative analysis in essential tremor cerebellar cortex.

Essential tremor (ET) is among the most prevalent neurological diseases. A substantial increase in the number of Purkinje cell axonal swellings (torpedoes) has been identified in ET brains. We recently demonstrated that torpedoes in ET contain an over-accumulation of disorganized neurofilament (NF) proteins.