Electrochemical Growth of Copper Crystals on SPCE for Electrocatalysis Nitrate Reduction.

Copper is efficient, has a high conductivity (5.8 × 10 S/m), and is cost-effective. The use of copper-based catalysts is promising for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates.

Biosensing Technologies for Detecting in Environmental Samples: A Systematic Review.

The detection of in environmental samples, such as water, is crucial for public health monitoring and outbreak prevention. Although effective, traditional detection methods, including culture-based techniques and polymerase chain reaction, have limitations such as long processing times, trained operators, and the need for specialized laboratory equipment. Biosensing technologies offer a promising alternative due to their rapid, sensitive, cost-effectiveness, and on-site detection capabilities.

Tree drought-mortality risk depends more on intrinsic species resistance than on stand species diversity.

Increasing tree diversity is considered a key management option to adapt forests to climate change. However, the effect of species diversity on a forest's ability to cope with extreme drought remains elusive. In this study, we assessed drought tolerance (xylem vulnerability to cavitation) and water stress (water potential), and combined them into a metric of drought-mortality risk (hydraulic safety margin) during extreme 2021 or 2022 summer droughts in five European tree diversity experiments encompassing different biomes.

Copper Micro-Flowers for Electrocatalytic Sensing of Nitrate Ions in Water.

The progressive increase in nitrate's (NO) presence in surface and groundwater enhances environmental and human health risks. The aim of this work is the fabrication and characterization of sensitive, real-time, low-cost, and portable amperometric sensors for low NO concentration detection in water. Copper (Cu) micro-flowers were electrodeposited on top of carbon screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) via cyclic voltammetry (with voltage ranging from -1.

Miniaturizable Chemiluminescence System for ATP Detection in Water.

We present the design, fabrication, and testing of a low-cost, miniaturized detection system that utilizes chemiluminescence to measure the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy unit in biological systems, in water samples. The ATP-luciferin chemiluminescent solution was faced to a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) for highly sensitive real-time detection. This system can detect ATP concentrations as low as 0.

Use of a haired angularis oris axial pattern flap in a dog to correct a large oronasal fistula secondary to resection of a hard palate multilobular osteochondrosarcoma.

A 6-year-old neutered male mixed-breed dog underwent curative-intent surgical resection of a hard palatal multilobular osteochondrosarcoma and closure of the defect using bilateral buccal mucosal flaps. However, failure of the flaps resulted in a massive hard palatal defect that was subsequently repaired using a haired skin angularis oris axial pattern flap. This report describes the clinical outcome using this surgical approach and novel complications encountered.

Surface Bacterioplankton Community Structure Crossing the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Fronts.

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the major current in the Southern Ocean, isolating the warm stratified subtropical waters from the more homogeneous cold polar waters. The ACC flows from west to east around Antarctica and generates an overturning circulation by fostering deep-cold water upwelling and the formation of new water masses, thus affecting the Earth's heat balance and the global distribution of carbon. The ACC is characterized by several water mass boundaries or fronts, known as the Subtropical Front (STF), Subantarctic Front (SAF), Polar Front (PF), and South Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front (SACCF), identified by typical physical and chemical properties.

A thorough annotation of the krill transcriptome offers new insights for the study of physiological processes.

The krill species Euphausia superba plays a critical role in the food chain of the Antarctic ecosystem. Significant changes in climate conditions observed in the Antarctic Peninsula region in the last decades have already altered the distribution of krill and its reproductive dynamics. A deeper understanding of the adaptation capabilities of this species is urgently needed.

MyoData: An expression knowledgebase at single cell/nucleus level for the discovery of coding-noncoding RNA functional interactions in skeletal muscle.

Non-coding RNAs represent the largest part of transcribed mammalian genomes and prevalently exert regulatory functions. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) can modulate the activity of each other. Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in mammals.

Drawbacks and aftermath of the Affordable Care Act: ex-ante moral hazard and inequalities in health care access.

Background: Following the introduction of the Affordable Care Act, various studies have tried to identify the effects of the Reform, without reaching a clear consensus. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expansion of the Medicaid program has led to less inequality in access to health care and to a higher level of ex-ante moral hazard.

Design And Methods: The analysis was conducted on two-year longitudinal data (2014-2015) regarding a cohort of 15,898 individuals from a Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS).

Environmental Management of in Domestic Water Systems: Consolidated and Innovative Approaches for Disinfection Methods and Risk Assessment.

is able to remain in water as free-living planktonic bacteria or to grow within biofilms that adhere to the pipes. It is also able to enter amoebas or to switch into a viable but not culturable (VBNC) state, which contributes to its resistance to harsh conditions and hinders its detection in water. Factors regulating growth, such as environmental conditions, type and concentration of available organic and inorganic nutrients, presence of protozoa, spatial location of microorganisms, metal plumbing components, and associated corrosion products are important for survival and growth.

Drought-induced lacuna formation in the stem causes hydraulic conductance to decline before xylem embolism in Selaginella.

Lycophytes are the earliest diverging extant lineage of vascular plants, sister to all other vascular plants. Given that most species are adapted to ever-wet environments, it has been hypothesized that lycophytes, and by extension the common ancestor of all vascular plants, have few adaptations to drought. We investigated the responses to drought of key fitness-related traits such as stomatal regulation, shoot hydraulic conductance (K ) and stem xylem embolism resistance in Selaginella haematodes and S.

Neither xylem collapse, cavitation, or changing leaf conductance drive stomatal closure in wheat.

Identifying the drivers of stomatal closure and leaf damage during stress in grasses is a critical prerequisite for understanding crop resilience. Here, we investigated whether changes in stomatal conductance (g ) during dehydration were associated with changes in leaf hydraulic conductance (K ), xylem cavitation, xylem collapse, and leaf cell turgor in wheat (Triticum aestivum). During soil dehydration, the decline of g was concomitant with declining K under mild water stress.

Over-accumulation of abscisic acid in transgenic tomato plants increases the risk of hydraulic failure.

Climate change threatens food security, and plant science researchers have investigated methods of sustaining crop yield under drought. One approach has been to overproduce abscisic acid (ABA) to enhance water use efficiency. However, the concomitant effects of ABA overproduction on plant vascular system functioning are critical as it influences vulnerability to xylem hydraulic failure.

Drought will not leave your glass empty: Low risk of hydraulic failure revealed by long-term drought observations in world's top wine regions.

Grapevines are crops of global economic importance that will face increasing drought stress because many varieties are described as highly sensitive to hydraulic failure as frequency and intensity of summer drought increase. We developed and used novel approaches to define water stress thresholds for preventing hydraulic failure, which were compared to the drought stress experienced over a decade in two of the world's top wine regions, Napa and Bordeaux. We identified the physiological thresholds for drought-induced mortality in stems and leaves and found small intervarietal differences.

Prevalence of frailty syndrome in old people in a hospital institution.

Objective: to measure the prevalence of frailty syndrome in elderly inpatients in a hospital institution.

Methods: cross-sectional study using a sample of 99 subjects aged 65 or older, hospitalized in the month of November/2010 in São Vicente de Paulo Hospital in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul state (RS). Data were collected regarding the phenotype of the frailty, along with social and demographic, clinical and anthropometric information.

Experimental study of single-electron phenomena in silicon nanocrystal memories.

In this paper we present experimental evidence for single-electron phenomena in solid-state memories based on silicon nanocrystals as storage elements. The stepwise evolution of the channel current of a written memory cell biased in the subthreshold regime is monitored by means of a purposely designed low noise acquisition system with a bandwidth of 1 kHz. Each channel current step-up is ascribed to a single-electron emission from the silicon nanocrystal to the silicon substrate and each current step-down is ascribed to a single-electron capture from the silicon substrate into the silicon nanocrystal.

Complete remission after treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide.

Background: Two reports from China have suggested that arsenic trioxide can induce complete remissions in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). We evaluated this drug in patients with APL in an attempt to elucidate its mechanism of action.

Methods: Twelve patients with APL who had relapsed after extensive prior therapy were treated with arsenic trioxide at doses ranging from 0.

A hardware implementation of a biological neural system for target localization.

The optical axes in an array of photoreceptors in the eyes of mantis shrimps have a particular skewing pattern that provides the animal with a monocular distance evaluation. A hardware (HW) device for target recognition was built based on the mathematical model of the biological visual system. The pattern of inputs was simulated by an array of glass fibers connected to phototransistors.

Using coherent pulse width and edge modulations in artificial neural systems.

This paper describes an existing silicon implementation of an artificial neural system based on coherent pulse width and edge modulation techniques. A chip set with different neural functions has been conceived, manufactured and tested. Neural circuits have been optimized for lowest computation energy and highest reconfigurability.