Corrigendum: Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990-2019: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.

The impact of primary headaches on disability outcomes: a literature review and meta-analysis to inform future iterations of the Global Burden of Disease study.

Background: The burden and disability associated with headaches are conceptualized and measured differently at patients' and populations' levels. At the patients' level, through patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs); at population level, through disability weights (DW) and years lived with a disability (YLDs) developed by the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD). DW are 0-1 coefficients that address health loss and have been defined through lay descriptions.

Prevalence of unmet health care need in older adults in 83 countries: measuring progressing towards universal health coverage in the context of global population ageing.

Current measures for monitoring progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) do not adequately account for populations that do not have the same level of access to quality care services and/or financial protection to cover health expenses for when care is accessed. This gap in accounting for unmet health care needs may contribute to underutilization of needed services or widening inequalities. Asking people whether or not their needs for health care have been met, as part of a household survey, is a pragmatic way of capturing this information.

Efficacy of mindfulness added to treatment as usual in patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache: a phase-III single-blind randomized-controlled trial (the MIND-CM study).

Background: Mindfulness gained considerable attention for migraine management, but RCTs are lacking. We aimed to assess the efficacy of a six-sessions mindfulness-based treatment added to treatment as usual (TaU) in patients with Chronic Migraine (CM) and Medication Overuse Headache (MOH) on headache frequency, medication intake, quality of life, disability, depression and anxiety, cutaneous allodynia, awareness of inner states, work-related difficulties, and disease cost.

Methods: In this Phase-III single-blind RCT carried out in a specialty Italian headache center, 177 patients with CM and MOH were randomized 1:1 to either TaU (withdrawal from overused drugs, education on proper medication use and lifestyle issues, and tailored prophylaxis) or mindfulness-based intervention added to TaU (TaU + MIND).

Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990-2019: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

We explored temporal variations in disease burden of ambient particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM) and ozone in Italy using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We compared temporal changes and percent variations (95% Uncertainty Intervals [95% UI]) in rates of disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost, years lived with disability and mortality from 1990 to 2019, and variations in pollutant-attributable burden with those in the overall burden of each PM- and ozone-related disease.

Investigating the Relationship between Parental Education, Asthma and Rhinitis in Children Using Path Analysis.

Parental socioeconomic position (SEP) is a known determinant of a child's health. We aimed to investigate whether a low parental education, as proxy of SEP, has a direct effect on physician-diagnosed asthma, current asthma and current allergic rhinitis in children, or whether associations are mediated by exposure to other personal or environmental risk factors. This study was a secondary data analysis of two cross-sectional studies conducted in Italy in 2006.

Methodological considerations in injury burden of disease studies across Europe: a systematic literature review.

Background: Calculating the disease burden due to injury is complex, as it requires many methodological choices. Until now, an overview of the methodological design choices that have been made in burden of disease (BoD) studies in injury populations is not available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify existing injury BoD studies undertaken across Europe and to comprehensively review the methodological design choices and assumption parameters that have been made to calculate years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) in these studies.

Social Network and Environment as Determinants of Disability and Quality of Life in Aging: Results From an Italian Study.

Background: The increase in life expectancy is leading to a worldwide increase in chronic diseases and disability, with significant concern about their management and long-term care. Investigating the aging process using a bio-psychosocial perspective is essential to understanding how to reduce disability and improve the quality of life of aging people. This study aims to explore the role of social networks and built environment as predictors of disability and quality of life in the Italian population aged over 50 years.

[The result of application's monitoring of NEWS score in a surgery unit of a North Italy hospital].

Introduction: In a hospital in Northern Italy was decided to experiment a new standardized methodology for detection and evaluation of vital parameters and effective communication between healthcare professionals, with the applications of NEWS score. Then it was necessary to evaluate the application and usefulness of the score in the specific contest. The aim of this project was adopting a validated and standardized methodology for detecting vital parameters to identificate early the signs and symptoms of a possible clinical deterioration and to create an effective communication between professionals.

Rules and ward climate in acute psychiatric setting: Comparison of staff and patient perceptions.

The ward climate or atmosphere refers to its material, emotional and social conditions. A good ward climate in psychiatric settings can influence the mood, behaviour and self-concept of patients and staff members and improve patient outcomes. Many studies have examined the relationship between ward climate and aggression, but only a few have investigated the effect of a ward's environment, rules and activities.

Time of onset and/or diagnosis of ADHD in European children: a systematic review.

Background: Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurobehavioral conditions. Symptoms related to this disorder cause a significant impairment in school tasks and in the activities of children's daily lives; an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment could almost certainly help improve their outcomes. The current study, part of the Models Of Child Health Appraised (MOCHA) project, aims to explore the age at which children experience the onset or diagnosis of ADHD in European countries.

Quality of child healthcare in European countries: common measures across international databases and national agencies.

Background: The evaluation of child healthcare is not yet widely explored, especially from a cross-country comparison perspective. The routine adoption of measures by national assessment agencies is under-investigated. Though the guiding principles developed at international level call for a child-centric multi-dimensional evaluation of child care, its feasibility is hampered by the availability of robust and harmonized data.

Effect of South Africa's interim mandatory salt reduction programme on urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure.

South Africa implemented legislation in June 2016 mandating maximum sodium (Na) levels in processed foods. A pre-post impact evaluation assessed whether the interim legislative approach reduced salt intake and blood pressure. Baseline Na intake was assessed in a nested cohort of the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE) Wave 2 (Aug-Dec 2015).

Quality of life improvement in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder reduces family's strain: A structural equation model approach.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to analyse how the quality of life of children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) impacts the relationship between disease severity and family burden.

Method: The data collected by a longitudinal, observational study involving 1478 children with ADHD residing in 10 European countries (aged 6 to 18 years) were analysed to evaluate the relationships between ADHD severity, the children's quality of life and family burden.

Results: The disorder's severity directly and indirectly affected the children's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and family burden.

Identifying co-occurrence and clustering of chronic diseases using latent class analysis: cross-sectional findings from SAGE South Africa Wave 2.

Objectives: To classify South African adults with chronic health conditions for multimorbidity (MM) risk, and to determine sociodemographic, anthropometric and behavioural factors associated with identified patterns of MM, using data from the WHO's Study on global AGEing and adult health South Africa Wave 2.

Design: Nationally representative (for ≥50-year-old adults) cross-sectional study.

Setting: Adults in South Africa between 2014 and 2015.

Salt-reduction strategies may compromise salt iodization programs: Learnings from South Africa and Ghana.

Objectives: Universal salt iodization has been adopted by many countries to address iodine deficiency. More recently, salt-reduction strategies have been widely implemented to meet global salt intake targets of <5 g/d. Compatibility of the two policies has yet to be demonstrated.

Variability in the assessment of children's primary healthcare in 30 European countries.

Background: The high variability in the types and number of measures adopted to evaluate childcare across European countries makes it necessary to investigate country practices to identify trends in setting national priorities in the assessment of child well-being.

Objective: This paper intends to investigate country practices under the lens of variability to explore possible trends in setting national priority in the evaluation of childcare. In particular, it analyses variability considering to what extent this depends on the tendency of adopting a broad vision (i.

Determinants of change in blood pressure in Ghana: Longitudinal data from WHO-SAGE Waves 1-3.

The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, however statistics are generally derived from cross sectional surveys that utilize different methodologies and population samples. We investigated blood pressure (BP) changes over 11-12 years in a large cohort of adults aged 50 years and older (n = 820) included in the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE Ghana) Wave 1 (2007/8) with follow up in Wave 3 (2019). Participants' BP were measured in triplicate and a survey completed at both time points.

Salt and potassium intake among adult Ghanaians: WHO-SAGE Ghana Wave 3.

Though Ghana has high hypertension prevalence, the country lacks current national salt consumption data required to build and enhance advocacy for salt reduction. We explored the characteristics of a randomly selected sub sample that had valid urine collection, along with matched survey, anthropometric and BP data ( = 839, mean age = 60y), from the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE), Ghana Wave 3,  = 3053). We also investigated the relationship between salt intake and blood pressure (BP) among the cohort.

Correcting for Intra-Individual Variability in Sodium Excretion in Spot Urine Samples Does Not Improve the Ability to Predict 24 h Urinary Sodium Excretion.

Given a global focus on salt reduction efforts to reduce cardiovascular risk, it is important to obtain accurate measures of salt intake on a population level. This study determined firstly whether adjustment for intra-individual variation in urinary sodium (Na) excretion using three repeated 24 h collections affects daily estimates and whether the use of repeated spot urine samples results in better prediction of 24 h Na compared to a single collection. Twenty three community-dwelling men and women from South Africa (mean age 59.

Predictors of pain in general ageing populations: results from a multi-country analysis based on ATHLOS harmonized database.

Background: Pain is a common symptom, often associated with neurological and musculoskeletal conditions, and experienced especially by females and by older people, and with increasing trends in general populations. Different risk factors for pain have been identified, but generally from studies with limited samples and a limited number of candidate predictors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictors of pain from a large set of variables and respondents.

Comparison and validation of different models and variable selection methods for predicting survival after canine parvovirus infection.

Background: Canine parvovirus (CPV) represents one of the major infections in dogs. While supportive therapy significantly reduces mortality, other approaches have been reported to provide significant benefits. Unfortunately, the high cost of these treatments is typically a limiting factor.