Adverse childhood experiences and interpersonal violence among college students: does a relationship exist?

Objective: Previous research has found women who experience eight or more Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are 3.5 times as likely to be victims of adult IPV. This study examined the relationship between ACEs and IPV (physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence, and stalking) among college students.

Contamination Risk During Fecal Management Device Removal: An In vitro, Simulated Clinical Use Study.

Unlabelled: Fecal management devices (FMDs) are used to drain and contain fecal matter in incontinent, often acutely or critically ill patients to protect their skin as well as the environment from contamination. However, there is potential for contamination and resultant infection at various stages of FMD use.

Purpose: This in vitro study was conducted to compare device removal factors and subsequent splash of simulated fecal matter of 3 different designs of FMDs using a simulated rectum.

Previous cesarean delivery associated with subsequent preterm birth in the United States.

Objective: To examine the relationship between previous cesarean delivery and subsequent preterm birth in the second pregnancy among women in the United States with registered birth records.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing United States birth certificate data to generate the study population, which consisted of women delivering a singleton infant in their second live birth (n = 1,076,517) in the year 2016. Preterm birth and previous cesarean delivery measures were derived from United States birth certificates.

Kentucky Health Access Nurturing Development Services Home Visiting Program Improves Maternal and Child Health.

Background And Objectives: Home visitation programs are one of the numerous efforts to help reduce the rates of preterm birth and low birth weight as well as offering other improvements in maternal and child health and development. The Kentucky Health Access Nurturing Development Services (HANDS) is a voluntary, home visiting program serving first-time, high-risk mothers. This study's objective was to evaluate the impact of HANDS on maternal and child health outcomes.

Multi-College Bystander Intervention Evaluation for Violence Prevention.

Introduction: The 2013 Campus Sexual Violence Elimination Act requires U.S. colleges to provide bystander-based training to reduce sexual violence, but little is known about the efficacy of such programs for preventing violent behavior.

Three Positive Parenting Practices and Their Correlation with Risk of Childhood Developmental, Social, or Behavioral Delays: An Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health.

Objectives: (1) Investigate the relationship between three specific positive parenting practices (PPP)-reading to children, engaging in storytelling or singing, and eating meals together as a family-and parent-reported risk of developmental, behavioral, or social delays among children between the ages of 1-5 years in the US. (2) Determine if a combination of these parenting practices has an effect on the outcome.

Methods: Chi square and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to analyze cross-sectional data from the National Survey of Children's Health 2011/2012 in regards to the relationship between each of the three individual PPP as well as a total PPP score and the child's risk of being developmentally, socially, or behaviorally delayed (N = 21,527).

Validity and psychometric properties of the measure of psychologically abusive behaviors among young women and women in distressed relationships.

The Measure of Psychologically Abusive Behaviors (MPAB) was developed recently to improve on prior scales. Two nationally solicited samples of women were utilized to further validate the MPAB through the use of a criterion group, factor analysis, and designation of a threshold for accurate classification. MPAB scores were twice as high in the criterion group (M = 38.

Victimization and perpetration of unwanted sexual activities among high school students: frequency and correlates.

The objective of this study was to report the frequency of perpetration and victimization of unwanted sexual activities (threatened to end relationship or other pressures to engage in sexual activities, threatened or actual physical force, and facilitated by drugs or alcohol) in a large, statewide sample of high school males and females. Among 18,030 students, 18.5% reported victimization and 8.

Dating violence victimization and perpetration rates among high school students.

This school-based sample provides the largest estimate of physical and psychological dating violence (DV) victimization and the only report of DV perpetration among high school students. Among 14,190 students in relationships, 33.4% disclosed DV by a partner (victimization) and 20.

Sexual harassment victimization and perpetration among high school students.

This large, population-based study is one of the few to examine prevalence rates of sexual harassment occurring during the past 12 months by victimization and perpetration among adolescents. In this large, cross-sectional survey of students attending 26 high schools, sexual harassment was defined using three questions from the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire. Among 18,090 students completing the survey, 30% disclosed sexual harassment victimization (37% of females, 21% of males) and 8.

Statewide estimates of stalking among high school students in Kentucky: demographic profile and sex differences.

This large, statewide sample from 26 high schools provided the first population-based estimates of stalking victimization and perpetration among adolescent females and males. Our stalking definition required that pursuing tactics occurred at least 3 times in the past 12 months and included being followed, spied on, or monitored; someone showed up or waited for you when you did not want them to; and receiving unwanted messages. Among 18,013 students, 16.

Challenge and opportunity in evaluating a diffusion-based active bystanding prevention program: Green Dot in high schools.

Increasing attention has recently been paid to the development of prevention programs designed to actively engage bystanders in prevention efforts to reduce the risk of sexual and dating violence; yet, few evaluations have been conducted. Our proposed plan to rigorously evaluate a randomized intervention trial of the Green Dot bystander program as it is implemented in high schools across Kentucky is presented. We highlight the value of measuring violence victimization and perpetration outcomes, capturing actual and observed student bystander behaviors, and testing the diffusion of Green Dot training through students' social networks.

Effective dual method contraceptive use and HPV vaccination among U.S. adolescent and young adult females.

Background: Problem Behavior Theory posits that risky behaviors cluster in individuals, implying that protective behaviors may follow a similar pattern. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the protective behavior of effective dual method contraception use at first and most recent sexual intercourse is associated with HPV vaccination among adolescent and young adult females.

Methods: National Survey of Family Growth (2006-2010) data were used to examine the association between women's contraception use during first and most recent sexual intercourse and HPV vaccination.

Evaluation of the Green Dot Bystander Intervention to Reduce Interpersonal Violence Among College Students Across Three Campuses.

Evidence suggests that interventions to engage bystanders in violence prevention increase bystander intentions and efficacy to intervene, yet the impact of such programs on violence remains unknown. This study compared rates of violence by type among undergraduate students attending a college campus with the Green Dot bystander intervention (n = 2,768) with students at two colleges without bystander programs (n = 4,258). Violent victimization rates were significantly (p < .

Sexual coercion and sexual violence at first intercourse associated with sexually transmitted infections.

Background: Violence against women has been associated with subsequent risky sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We explored whether sexual coercion or violence at first intercourse was associated with self-reported STIs.

Methods: Using nationally representative data from the 2006 to 2010 National Survey of Family Growth, we analyzed female respondents aged 18 to 44 (n = 9466) who answered questions on coercion at first intercourse (wantedness, voluntariness, and types of force used) and STIs using logistic regression analyses.

Associations of breastfeeding with bulimic behaviors and eating disorders among adolescents.

Purpose: To use the lifecourse framework to examine the association between duration of breastfeeding and risk of developing bulimic behaviors or a diagnosed eating disorder.

Method: Questionnaires were sent every 12-24 months between 1996 and 2005 to 6,436 females and 5,756 males in the Growing Up Today Study, who were 9-14 years at baseline. Duration of breastfeeding was reported by the participants' mothers in 1997.

Association of intimate partner violence and childhood sexual abuse with cancer-related well-being in women.

Background: Limited evidence suggests that intimate partner violence (IPV) may be associated with poorer cancer outcomes. We hypothesized that timing and type of IPV as well as childhood sexual abuse (CSA) may negatively affect depression, perceived stress, and cancer-related well-being.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of women diagnosed with either breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer in the prior 12 months included in the Kentucky Cancer Registry.

Universal psychosocial screening and adverse pregnancy outcomes in an academic obstetric clinic.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that women screened for psychosocial factors, including partner abuse, as recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists would have higher neonatal birth weight, longer gestational age at delivery, higher Apgar scores, and fewer maternal complications.

Methods: We evaluated a universal psychosocial screening intervention using a retrospective cohort (n=881 prenatal care patients). Pregnancy outcomes among patients screened beginning in 2008 (n=464) were compared with outcomes among women receiving care before universal screening was implemented (n=417).

Female perceptions of male versus female intendedness at the time of teenage pregnancy.

Teen pregnancy is a major public health concern and the majority of these pregnancies are unintended. The study population included women whose first pregnancy occurred at age 19 or younger (n = 2,142). Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth was used to determine whether women's reports of her own pregnancy intentions differed from her perception of her male partner's pregnancy intentions at the time of conception.

Extreme morbid obesity and labor outcome in nulliparous women at term.

We examined the prevalence of cesarean delivery (CD) among women with morbid obesity and extreme morbid obesity. Using Kentucky birth certificate data, a cross-sectional analysis of nulliparous singleton gestations at term was performed. We examined the prevalence of CD by body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) using the National Institutes of Health/World Health Organization schema and a modified schema that separates extreme morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 50) from morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 to < 50).

Evaluation of Green Dot: an active bystander intervention to reduce sexual violence on college campuses.

Using a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of 7,945 college undergraduates, we report on the association between having received Green Dot active bystander behavior training and the frequency of actual and observed self-reported active bystander behaviors as well as violence acceptance norms. Of 2,504 students aged 18 to 26 who completed the survey, 46% had heard a Green Dot speech on campus, and 14% had received active bystander training during the past 2 years. Trained students had significantly lower rape myth acceptance scores than did students with no training.

Violence against women and postpartum depression.

Background: Violence against women (VAW), including intimate partner violence (IPV) in its various forms (sexual, physical, or stalking), and childhood violence (sexual or physical) are common and are associated with depressive symptoms. We examined the association between these violence exposures and self-reported history of postpartum depression (PPD).

Methods: Women from the Kentucky Women's Health Registry (KWHR) who reported at least one live birth were included in this study.

The impact of childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence on sexually transmitted infections.

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adult intimate partner violence (IPV) have both been found to be associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) independently, but studies of STIs have rarely looked at victimization during both childhood and adulthood. This paper examines the relationship between CSA, IPV and STIs using data from a nested case-control study of 309 women recruited from multiple health care settings. Overall, 37.

Coercive first intercourse and unintended first births.

Since research has shown that victims of violence are more likely to be involved in subsequent risky sexual behaviors, we hypothesized that coercive first intercourse would be associated with unintended first births. Using nationally representative data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth, we analyzed female respondents aged 18-44 years who reported a live birth (n = 4,136). Coercion was classified as none/minimal, mild, or significant based on self-report.