[Color Doppler ultrasonography in urology].

Due to the development of the duplex mode, combining ultrasound images with Doppler recording, and especially the development of flow colour coding. Doppler is now increasingly used to investigate the kidney and male genital tract. It is now the technique of choice in the initial diagnosis of certain renal diseases: primary renal vein thrombosis, iatrogenic and malformative arteriovenous anomalies, vascular complications of renal transplantation, and for examination of the scrotal contents in a context of acute scrotum or investigation of the cavernosal arteries in the case of erection disorders.

[MRI in cancer of the prostate with T1-weighted sequences using fat suppression and injection of gadolinium].

The assessment of tumor extension in 20 patients with cancers of the prostate at a clinical stage A or B included MRI with a body coil before prostatectomy. Transverse and coronal T1-weighted sections with injections of gadopentate dimeglumine (gadolinium) and fat suppression were systematically taken to assess the vascularity of the various regions of the prostate and of the cancer, as well as the merits of such sequences for the assessment of extension. The normal, poorly vascularized peripheral area is only slightly enhanced by injection, while the transition area, which is most often hyperplastic in the age group studied, enhances heterogeneously with contrast.

[Imaging of vascular complications of renal transplantation].

The accuracy of color Doppler US (CDUS) for the detection of main renal transplant artery stenoses is excellent (Se 92%; SP 99%). Whereas the sensitivity of CDUS is still unsatisfactory for the detection of arterial branch stenosis (Se 70%), it has become higher than previously reported because of the ability of color flow images to identify hemodynamic changes at the site of stenosis and focal downstream repercussions in the case of tight stenosis. Color Doppler US is a valuable method in the detection of segmental infarction or large areas of cortical necrosis.

[Contribution of x-ray computed tomography in the diagnosis of cervical suppuration].

The authors report their experience with computed tomography (CT) in 27 cases of cervical suppurations. The diagnosis was confirmed surgically in 24 cases and by the improvement of clinical signs and CT after antibiotics in 3. Two types of CT features were identified: collected abscesses (n = 22) visualized as encapsulated heterogeneous hypodense formations and extensive suppurative cellulitis (n = 5) formed by large diffuse hypodense collections without a clearly visible peripheral wall.

[Renal Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute obstructions of the upper urinary tract].

A comparative study of the resistivity indices (RI) obtained in both kidneys has been carried out in 30 controls and 60 patients with suspected unilateral acute obstruction of the upper urinary tract. Doppler findings (difference in the mean RI of both kidneys, delta RI) in the pathologic population have been systematically correlated to the data yielded by intravenous pyelography (IVP). In the control population delta RI was always < or = 0.

[Spontaneous urine extravasation during intravenous urography. Apropos of 21 cases. Review of the literature].

Twenty one cases of spontaneous urine extravasation during an intravenous urography have been analysed in order to determinate the radiological signs and the causes of this rare phenomenon. Related to the increased pressure of the excretory tract, these extravasations usually disappear without complications. No specific treatment is required except the treatment of the obstacle due generally to calculi.

[Spontaneous urine extravasation during intravenous urography. Apropos of 21 cases. Review of the literature].

Twenty one cases of spontaneous urine extravasation during an intravenous urography have been analysed in order to determinate the radiological signs and the causes of this rare phenomenon. Related to the increased pressure of the excretory tract, these extravasations usually disappear without complications. No specific treatment is required except the treatment of the obstacle due generally to calculi.