Ciliated hepatic foregut cysts in children.

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst (CHFC) is a rare foregut developmental malformation usually diagnosed in adulthood; however, rare cases have been reported in the pediatric population. CHFC can transform into a squamous cell carcinoma resulting in death despite surgical resection of the isolated malignancy. We report the presentation, evaluation, and surgical management of a symptomatic 17-year-old girl found to have a 6.

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for screening in the public health system.

Objective: To evaluate the utilization of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale as a screening tool in the public health system.

Methods: The Scale was administered between the 40th and 90th day after delivery to 245 mothers whose delivery occurred at a private maternity hospital located in the municipality of Belo Horizonte, Southeastern Brazil, from 2005 to 2006. All participants were submitted to a structured psychiatric interview (Mini-Plus 5.

Joint disorder: nonreducing disc displacement with mouth opening limitation - report of a case.

The internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) represents 8% of all cases of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) posing difficulties to establish an accurate diagnosis and treatment because of its low prevalence. This article presents the case of an 18-year-old Caucasian female patient who came to our Orofacial Pain and TMD Outpatient Service with complaints of intense pain on the right TMJ and limitation of mouth opening (maximum interincisal opening of 29 mm) with deviation to right, which she had been experiencing for the past 3 years. After a detailed clinical interview, a diagnosis hypothesis of nonreducing disc displacement with mouth opening limitation was established.

Clinicopathologic features of histiocytic lesions following ALL, with a review of the literature.

We describe the clinicopathologic features of 15 patients who had histiocytic lesions that followed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Twenty-one separate histiocytic lesions were evaluated that covered a wide spectrum, some conforming to the usual categories of juvenile xanthogranulomas (5), Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (1), Langerhans' cell sarcoma (4), Rosai-Dorfman disease (1), and histiocytic sarcoma (4). Most were atypical for the category by histology, phenotype, or abnormally high turnover rate.

A review of psychiatric genetics research in the Brazilian population.

Objective And Method: A large increase in the number of Brazilian studies on psychiatric genetics has been observed in the 1970's since the first publications conducted by a group of researchers in Brazil. Here we reviewed the literature and evaluated the advantages and difficulties of psychiatric genetic studies in the Brazilian population.

Conclusion: The Brazilian population is one of the most heterogeneous populations in the world, formed mainly by the admixture between European, African and Native American populations.

Neuropsychological assessment of impulsive behavior in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects.

Objective: Poor impulse control is thought to be one of the characteristics of alcohol addiction. The capacity to remain abstinent may be linked to cognitive bias related to three dimensions of impulsivity: motor, non-planning, and attentional impulsivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuropsychological profile related to these impulsivity dimensions in alcohol-dependent patients within 15 -120 days of abstinence.

Anti-inflammatory effects of the gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae collected at the Islands of Providencia and San Andrés (SW Caribbean).

Background: We are reporting for the first time the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of extracts and fractions, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of pure compounds, all isolated from Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae collected at the Providencia (chemotype 1) and San Andrés (chemotype 2) Islands (SW Caribbean).

Methods: Extracts from P. elisabethae were fractionated on silica gel to yield fractions: F-1 (pseudopterosins PsQ, PsS and PsU) and F-2 (amphilectosins A and B, PsG, PsK, PsP and PsT and seco-pseudopterosins seco-PsJ and seco-PsK) from chemotype 1, and F-3 (elisabethatrienol, 10-acetoxy-9-hydroxy- and 9-acetoxy-10-hydroxy-amphilecta-8,10,12,14-tetraenes (interconverting mixture) and amphilecta-8(13),11,14-triene-9,10-dione) from chemotype 2.

Unrelated stem cell transplant for infantile idiopathic myelofibrosis.

Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) is a rare disease in children that can present during infancy and have a protracted course. The only known curative approach for this disease in adult patients is allogeneic stem cell transplant. We present two cases of IMF during infancy that did not resolve with supportive care measures.

Ontogeny of FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells in the postnatal human small intestinal and large intestinal lamina propria.

FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) suppress innate and adaptive immune responses and are critical for intestinal immune homeostasis. Our objective was to define the postnatal developmental regulation of Treg in relationship to other T cells in the human intestinal tract. We analyzed 41 small and 18 large intestinal paraffin-embedded tissue samples from preterm and term infants with and without necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) for the presence of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and FOXP3(+) cells by immunohistochemistry.

Pressure study of monoclinic ReO2 up to 1.2 GPa using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

The crystal and local atomic structure of monoclinic ReO2 (alpha-ReO2) under hydrostatic pressure up to 1.2 GPa was investigated for the first time using both X-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and a home-built B4C anvil pressure cell developed for this purpose. Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) data analysis at pressures from ambient up to 1.

Expression of neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is decreased in leukocytes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) are severe illnesses representing an enormous social, familiar and individual burden that affect 1% of the population world-wide. Several evidences indicate abnormalities of the dopamine system in both SCZ and BPD. Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is a protein that has many functions in neurotransmission such as inhibition of dopamine D(2) receptor desensitization, regulation of ionic channels and enhancement of exocytosis of neurotransmitters.

The leukocytes expressing DARPP-32 are reduced in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) are severe disorders representing an enormous social, familiar and individual burden, being SCZ the most disabling psychiatric disorder characterized by psychosis and cognitive impairment. It is well known that SCZ and BPD are associated with abnormalities in dopamine signaling pathway. Recent data in the literature have demonstrated altered expression levels of some proteins involved in the modulation of this pathway in both brain and peripheral tissues.

Disabusing cocaine: pervasive myths and enduring realities of a globalised commodity.

For more than 30 years Colombia has waged an internal War on Drugs with the support of the international community. During this time, the illegal economy has evolved toward integrating cultivation with processing and trafficking, making Colombia the largest grower of coca in the world. The environmental impact of coca production and processing is vast, accounting for large quantities of toxic chemicals directly dumped onto the soil and watersheds, as well as most deforestation since the 1990s.

May genetic factors in fibromyalgia help to identify patients with differentially altered frequencies of immune cells?

There is common agreement that fibromyalgia (FM) is an extremely heterogeneous entity. Patients differ in their clinical symptoms, endocrine and immune parameters. In this study we evaluated endocrine and immunological features of distinct subsets of FM patients.

Architectural malformation of the muscularis propria as a cause for intestinal pseudo-obstruction: two cases and a review of the literature.

Two patients are presented with intestinal pseudo-obstruction and malformations of their intestinal muscularis propria. Histopathological findings in each case indicate a distinct alteration of intestinal muscle architecture. The 1st patient, a teenager with lifelong constipation, had an additional circular muscle tunic in 2 dilated segments of his large intestine.

Eosinophils and mast cells in chronic gastritis: possible implications in carcinogenesis.

Eosinophils and mast cells participate in the immune response against Helicobacter pylori, but their involvement in the gastric precancerous process is unclear. This study aimed to estimate eosinophil and mast cell density in antral mucosa in subjects from 2 Colombian populations with contrasting gastric cancer risks. Gastric mucosa biopsies were collected from 117 adult males (72 from a high-risk area and 45 from a low-risk area).

Decision-making impairment is related to serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism in a sample of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective: Decision-making impairment is an important feature of some psychiatric disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance-use disorders, and is associated with dysfunction of the fronto-subcortical circuit, mainly the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Several data reports support significant correlations between decision-making impairment and the serotonin system. Thus, this neurotransmission system may be a major step in some cognitive features, particularly in OCD because serotonin is associated with this disorder.

The role of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in antidepressant-associated mania in bipolar disorder.

Background: The occurrence of mania during antidepressant treatment is a key issue in the clinical management of bipolar disorder (BD). The serotonin transporter gene is a candidate to be associated with antidepressant-associated mania (AAM) in some patients. This gene has a polymorphism within the promoter region (5-HTTLPR) with two allelic forms, the long (L) and the short (S) variants.