Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on mortality and recurrence of clostridioides difficile infection.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. The infection is associated with a high mortality rate and risk of recurrence. We assessed risk factors for death or recurrent CDI (CDI) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Feasibility of a Novel Clinical Decision Support System Based on the Automatic Generation of Alerts through Remote Patient Monitoring.

: Early identification of complications in chronic and infectious diseases can reduce clinical deterioration, lead to early therapeutic interventions and lower morbidity and mortality rates. Here, we aimed to assess the feasibility of a novel clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on the automatic generation of alerts through remote patient monitoring and to identify the patient profile associated with the likelihood of severe medical alerts. : A prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted.

Should Physicians Be Aware of Rhythm Disturbances in Adults with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases and Anti-Ro52 Antibodies? A Cross-Sectional Study.

The association between anti-Ro/SSA antibodies and the appearance of cardiac rhythm disorders in adults is discussed. We aim to study this relationship, together with active treatments and comorbidities, and its impact on daily clinical practice in adults with systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs). This cross-sectional single-center study was conducted in a tertiary hospital between January 2021 and March 2022.

High prevalence of stress fractures and long-term amenorrhoea in high endurance female athletes: The misleading lack of correlation with bone mineral density.

Aim & Objectives: Females who engage in high levels of sports have a high prevalence of menstrual cycle disorders and bone stress injuries (BSI). In this study, we determined the prevalence of menstrual disorders and fractures in female athletes and their association with bone mineral density (BMD) parameters.

Material & Methods: Cross-Sectional Study.

Impact of age on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers : Influence of nonoccupational risk factors.

Background: The incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) infection was highest among older adults early in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this pattern was later reversed with young adults showing the highest incidence. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors in healthcare workers (HCWs) associated with this evolution.

Methods: We conducted a survey nested within a prospective cohort study of 680 HCWs from a tertiary referral public hospital who received 2 doses of SARS-CoV‑2 vaccine in January and February 2021 (VACCICO-VAO cohort).

How to detect non-institutionalized older patients at risk of malnutrition during their hospitalization? Comparison of 8 screening tools for malnutrition or nutritional risk.

Background: The prevalence of malnutrition is high among the elderly population. Hospital admission is a window of opportunity for its detection.

Objective: To assess the concordance of different nutritional scales in hospitalized patients.

Ethics and artificial intelligence.

The relationship between ethics and artificial intelligence in medicine is a crucial and complex topic that falls within its broader context. Ethics in medical artificial intelligence (AI) involves ensuring that technologies are safe, fair, and respect patient privacy. This includes concerns about the accuracy of diagnoses provided by artificial intelligence, fairness in patient treatment, and protection of personal health data.

Effectiveness of Twitter Threads to Improve Medical Student Electrocardiogram (ECG) Reading-Skills. The TwittUVa-ECG Non-Randomized Pre-Post Study.

Introduction: social media is increasingly used in medical education, but its real educational effectiveness is unclear. In this study we assess the effectiveness of Twitter threads (TTS) in improving electrocardiogram (ECG) basic reading skills (ECGBRS).

Materials And Methods: Seven TTS describing ECGBRS were published from October 28, 2021, to November 24, 2021.

Paget's disease of bone: 1877-2023. Etiology, and management of a disease on epidemiologic transition.

Paget's disease of bone is characterized by the alteration, in one or several bone locations, of the equilibrium between bone formation and bone resorption. This imbalance results in a disorganized, widened bone, in many cases with increased bone density, although more fragile. A genetic predisposition for Paget's disease of bone could explain between 5% and 40% of the cases.

Effect of intravenous pulses of methylprednisolone 250 mg versus dexamethasone 6 mg in hospitalised adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: An open-label randomised trial.

Background: The efficacy and safety of high versus medium doses of glucocorticoids for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 has shown mixed outcomes in controlled trials and observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of methylprednisolone 250 mg bolus versus dexamethasone 6 mg in patients with severe COVID-19.

Methods: A randomised, open-label, controlled trial was conducted between February and August 2021 at four hospitals in Spain.

Tools to Reduce Low-Value Care: Lessons From COVID-19 Pandemic Comment on "Key Factors that Promote Low-Value Care: Views of Experts From the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands".

Based on a summary of interviews with 18 experts, Verkerk et al defined the seven key factors that promoted low-value care, which included system, social, and knowledge factors. During the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, these key factors have been influential due to the uncertainty of the disease at the beginning of the pandemic. Globally, several measures have been implemented to reduce low-value care practices and promote high-value care for COVID-19 patients.

Use of glucocorticoids megadoses in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a spanish registry: SEMI-COVID-19.

Objective: To describe the impact of different doses of corticosteroids on the evolution of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, based on the potential benefit of the non-genomic mechanism of these drugs at higher doses.

Methods: Observational study using data collected from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We evaluated the epidemiological, radiological and analytical scenario between patients treated with megadoses therapy of corticosteroids vs low-dose of corticosteroids and the development of complications.

Evolution of the Use of Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Spain between March and November 2020: SEMI-COVID National Registry.

Objectives: Since the results of the RECOVERY trial, WHO recommendations about the use of corticosteroids (CTs) in COVID-19 have changed. The aim of the study is to analyse the evolutive use of CTs in Spain during the pandemic to assess the potential influence of new recommendations.

Material And Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted on adults hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Spain who were included in the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry from March to November 2020.

Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessing patients´ perceptions of interprofessional integration in health care.

The integration of care between primary, secondary, tertiary health care and social care needs to be interprofessional and patient-centered. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire for measuring patients' perception of integration across health care teams and social services. Data for psychometric assessment of our questionnaire were collected from patients who attended at eleven Primary Care Centers and one tertiary referral Hospital in Spain from March to October 2018.

Cardiometabolic Therapy and Mortality in Very Old Patients With Diabetes Hospitalized due to COVID-19.

Background: The effects of cardiometabolic drugs on the prognosis of diabetic patients with COVID-19, especially very old patients, are not well known. This work was aimed to analyze the association between preadmission cardiometabolic therapy (antidiabetic, antiaggregant, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering drugs) and in-hospital mortality among patients ≥80 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hospitalized for COVID-19.

Method: We conducted a nationwide, multicenter, observational study in patients ≥80 years with T2DM hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 1 and May 29, 2020.

Methylprednisolone in adults hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia : An open-label randomized trial (GLUCOCOVID).

Purpose: To determine whether a 6-day course of methylprednisolone (MP) improves outcome in patients with severe SARS-CoV‑2 (Corona Virus Disease 2019 [COVID-19]).

Methods: The study was a multicentric open-label trial of COVID-19 patients who were aged ≥ 18 years, receiving oxygen without mechanical ventilation, and with evidence of systemic inflammatory response who were assigned to standard of care (SOC) or SOC plus intravenous MP (40 mg bid for 3 days followed by 20 mg bid for 3 days). The primary outcome was a composite of death, admission to the intensive care unit, or requirement for noninvasive ventilation.

The nutritional status of the elderly patient infected with COVID-19: the forgotten risk factor?

Background: Since the first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan, the nutritional status of individuals infected with the virus has not been included in the risk profiles prepared. However, nutritional status, along with other factors, is decisive in the evolution of patients with other infectious diseases. The nutritional status of individuals is considered an indicator of health status.

Cause-specific death in hospitalized individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2: more than just acute respiratory failure or thromboembolic events.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is becoming the leading cause of death in most countries during the 2020 pandemic. The objective of this study is to assess the association between COVID-19 and cause-specific death. The design is retrospective cohort study.