Nature-based solutions to the management of legacy plastic pollution: Filter-feeders as bioremediation tools for coastal microplastics.

Plastics are one of the most topical pollutants occurring in our ocean. Given concern regarding the impacts of both macro- and micro-plastics on environmental and human well-being, a range of management approaches are required. Key in the management of microplastics will be curative measures that facilitate the removal of legacy plastics from the environment as, without their removal, impacts will continue for centuries.

There and back again: bridging meso- and nano-scales to understand lipid vesicle patterning.

We describe a complete methodology to bridge the scales between nanoscale molecular dynamics and (micrometer) mesoscale Monte Carlo simulations in lipid membranes and vesicles undergoing phase separation, in which curving molecular species are furthermore embedded. To go from the molecular to the mesoscale, we notably appeal to physical renormalization arguments enabling us to rigorously infer the mesoscale interaction parameters from its molecular counterpart. We also explain how to deal with the physical timescales at stake at the mesoscale.

Wave-scattering processes: path-integrals designed for the numerical handling of complex geometries.

Relying on Feynman-Kac path-integral methodology, we present a new statistical perspective on wave single-scattering by complex three-dimensional objects. The approach is implemented on three models-Schiff approximation, Born approximation, and rigorous Born series-and familiar interpretative difficulties such as the analysis of moments over scatterer distributions (size, orientation, shape, etc.) are addressed.

Optimization of R-Phycoerythrin Extraction by Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis: A Comprehensive Study on the Wet Seaweed .

Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) are both recognized as sustainable processes, but little has been done on the combined process known as ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis (UAEH), and even less on seaweed. The present study aimed to optimize the UAEH of the red seaweed for the extraction of R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) directly from the wet biomass by applying a response surface methodology based on a central composite design. Three parameters were studied: the power of ultrasound, the temperature and the flow rate in the experimental system.

Coupling radiative, conductive and convective heat-transfers in a single Monte Carlo algorithm: A general theoretical framework for linear situations.

It was recently shown that radiation, conduction and convection can be combined within a single Monte Carlo algorithm and that such an algorithm immediately benefits from state-of-the-art computer-graphics advances when dealing with complex geometries. The theoretical foundations that make this coupling possible are fully exposed for the first time, supporting the intuitive pictures of continuous thermal paths that run through the different physics at work. First, the theoretical frameworks of propagators and Green's functions are used to demonstrate that a coupled model involving different physical phenomena can be probabilized.

Protein overexpression can induce the elongation of cell membrane nanodomains.

In cell membranes, proteins and lipids are organized into submicrometric nanodomains of varying sizes, shapes, and compositions, performing specific functions. Despite their biological importance, the detailed morphology of these nanodomains remains unknown. Not only can they hardly be observed by conventional microscopy due to their small size, but there is no full consensus on the theoretical models to describe their structuring and their shapes.

Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis Syndrome Associated Nephropathy: Novel Variants of Gene and Literature Review.

Multicentric carpo-tarsal osteolysis (MCTO) is a rare osteolysis syndrome mainly involving carpal and tarsal bones usually presenting in early childhood. MCTO has autosomal dominant inheritance with heterozygous mutation in the gene. The skeletal disorder is often associated with chronic kidney disease.

Effect of a Dietary Supplement Combining Bioactive Peptides and Magnesium on Adjustment Disorder with Anxiety: A Clinical Trial in General Practice.

Anxiety is a high frequency disorder in the general population. It is usually treated with benzodiazepines, which cause side effects and a dependence that could make withdrawal difficult. Alternative treatments are therefore needed to reduce the use of anxiolytics, particularly for adjustment disorder with anxiety.

Effect of the Manufacturing Process on the Microbiota, Organoleptic Properties and Volatilome of Three Salmon-Based Products.

Lightly preserved seafood products, such as cold-smoked fish and fish gravlax, are traditionally consumed in Europe and are of considerable economic importance. This work aimed to compare three products that were obtained from the same batch of fish: cold-smoked salmon (CSS) stored under vacuum packaging (VP) or a modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and VP salmon dill gravlax (SG). Classical microbiological analyses and 16S rRNA metabarcoding, biochemical analyses (trimethylamine, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), biogenic amines, pH, volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and sensory analyses (quantitative descriptive analysis) were performed on each product throughout their storage at a chilled temperature.

Dynamics of long-term continuous culture of Limnospira indica in an air-lift photobioreactor.

MELiSSA (Microecological Life Support System Alternative) is a developing technology for regenerative life support to enable long-term human missions in Space and has developed a demonstration Pilot Plant. One of the components of the MELiSSA Pilot Plant system is an 83L external loop air-lift photobioreactor (PBR) where Limnospira indica (previously named Arthrospira sp. PC8005) is axenically cultivated in a continuous operation mode for long-periods.

Radiative analysis of luminescence in photoreactive systems: Application to photosensitizers for solar fuel production.

Most chemical reactions promoted by light and using a photosensitizer (a dye) are subject to the phenomenon of luminescence. Redistribution of light in all directions (isotropic luminescence emission) and in a new spectral range (luminescence emission spectrum) makes experimental and theoretical studies much more complex compared to a situation with a purely absorbing reaction volume. This has a significant impact on the engineering of photoreactors for industrial applications.

Domain formation in bicomponent vesicles induced by composition-curvature coupling.

Lipid vesicles composed of a mixture of two types of lipids are studied by intensive Monte Carlo numerical simulations. The coupling between the local composition and the membrane shape is induced by two different spontaneous curvatures of the components. We explore the various morphologies of these biphasic vesicles coupled to the observed patterns such as nano-domains or labyrinthine mesophases.

Use of random forest methodology to link aroma profiles to volatile compounds: Application to enzymatic hydrolysis of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by-products combined with Maillard reactions.

To use salmon protein hydrolysates as food ingredients and to mask the fish odor, Maillard reactions were associated with enzymatic production of hydrolysates. The study explored an original approach based on regression trees (RT) and random forest (RF) methodologies to predict hydrolysate odor profiles from volatile compounds. An experimental design with four factors: enzyme/substrate ratio, quantity of xylose, hydrolysis and cooking times was used to create a range of enzymatic hydrolysates.

Salmon Gravlax Biopreservation With Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Polyphasic Approach to Assessing the Impact on Organoleptic Properties, Microbial Ecosystem and Volatilome Composition.

Seafood and fishery products are very perishable commodities with short shelf-lives owing to rapid deterioration of their organoleptic and microbiological quality. Microbial growth and activity are responsible for up to 25% of food losses in the fishery industry. In this context and to meet consumer demand for minimally processed food, developing mild preservation technologies such as biopreservation represents a major challenge.

Risk factors for post-dural puncture headache following injury of the dural membrane: a root-cause analysis and nested case-control study.

Background: Post-dural puncture headache following trauma to the dural membrane during neuraxial anaesthesia occurs in 0.13-6.5% of pregnant patients.

A Rationale for Mesoscopic Domain Formation in Biomembranes.

Cell plasma membranes display a dramatically rich structural complexity characterized by functional sub-wavelength domains with specific lipid and protein composition. Under favorable experimental conditions, patterned morphologies can also be observed in vitro on model systems such as supported membranes or lipid vesicles. Lipid mixtures separating in liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases below a demixing temperature play a pivotal role in this context.

The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Contributes to the Assembly of the LFA-1 Nanocluster Belt at the Lytic Synapse.

T lymphocyte cytotoxicity relies on a synaptic ring of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), which permits polarized delivery of lytic granules. How LFA-1 organization is controlled by underlying actin cytoskeleton dynamics is poorly understood. Here, we explored the contribution of the actin cytoskeleton regulator WASP to the topography of LFA-1 using a combination of microscopy modalities.

Characterization of the spoilage potential of pure and mixed cultures of bacterial species isolated from tropical yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares).

Aim: The spoilage potential of 28 bacterial strains isolated from spoiled raw yellowfin tuna was evaluated.

Methods And Results: Bacterial species were inoculated in irradiated tuna matrix. Chemical changes, bacterial growth and sensory quality were monitored during aerobic storage at 8°C.

Effect of vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging on the microbiological, chemical and sensory properties of tropical red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) fillets stored at 4°C.

Aims: The effect of vacuum (VP - 4°C) and CO/N-atmosphere (MAP - 4°C) packaging on the quality of red drum fillets compared with whole gutted iced fish was investigated.

Methods And Results: A metagenomic approach, bacterial enumeration and isolation, biochemical and sensory analyses were carried out. The organoleptic rejection of whole fish was observed at day 15 whereas VP and MAP fillets appeared unacceptable only after 29days.

The effect of algae diets (Skeletonema costatum and Rhodomonas baltica) on the biochemical composition and sensory characteristics of Pacific cupped oysters (Crassostrea gigas) during land-based refinement.

Oyster refinement, a common practice in France, is aimed at increasing the weight of oyster tissue and influencing the taste properties of the refined oysters. Refinement usually takes place in land-based systems where the oysters are fed with relatively high concentrations of microalgae. In this study the impact of feeding Skeletonema costatum and Rhodomonas baltica on the biochemical composition and sensory characteristics of Pacific cupped oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from the Eastern Scheldt during land-based refinement was studied.

Improving simultaneously the quality and safety of cooked and peeled shrimp using a cocktail of bioprotective lactic acid bacteria.

Tropical shrimp is of considerable economic importance in the world but is highly perishable due to microbial and chemical degradation. Biopreservation is a food preservation technology based on the addition of "positive" bacteria able to kill or prevent the growth of undesirable microorganisms. Two strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have previously been selected for a biopreservation strategy: Lactococcus piscium CNCM I-4031, for its ability to prevent the sensory deterioration of seafood and Carnobacterium divergens V41, which inhibits growth of Listeria monocytogenes.

Ensuring Evidence-Based Safe and Effective mHealth Applications.

The Internet and the digitalization of information have brought big changes in healthcare, but the arrival of smartphones and tablets represent a true revolution and a new paradigm is opened which completely changes our lives. In order to validate the impact of these new technologies in health care, it is essential to have enough clinical studies that validate their impact in wellbeing and healthcare of the patient. Traditional regulatory organisations are still looking for their role in this area.

Selection of bioprotective cultures for preventing cold-smoked salmon spoilage.

Biopreservation is a natural technology of food preservation, which consists of inoculating food with microorganisms selected for their antibacterial properties. The objective of this study was to select lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to improve the quality of cold-smoked salmon (CSS). In this work, different strains representative of the 4 dominant species, identified in a previous study by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene, were isolated and their spoiling potential in CSS blocks, sterilized by ionization, was assessed by twelve trained panelists along the vacuum storage at 8°C.

Reformulation of the modal method based on Gegenbauer polynomial expansion for cylindrical structures with arbitrary cross sections.

The work presented here focuses on the numerical modeling of cylindrical structure eigenmodes with an arbitrary cross section using Gegenbauer polynomials. The new eigenvalue equation leads to considerable reduction in computation time compared to the previous formulation. The main idea of this new formulation involves considering that the numerical scheme can be partially separated into two independent parts and the size of the eigenvalue matrix equation may be reduced by a factor of 2.