Levels of Angiopoietin 2 Are Predictive for Mortality in Patients Infected With Yellow Fever Virus.

In 2018 there was a large yellow fever outbreak in São Paulo, Brazil, with a high fatality rate. Yellow fever virus can cause, among other symptoms, hemorrhage and disseminated intravascular coagulation, indicating a role for endothelial cells in disease pathogenesis. Here, we conducted a case-control study and measured markers related to endothelial damage in plasma and its association with mortality.

The tough process of unmasking the slow-growing mycobacterium: case report of infection.

belongs to the complex (MTBC). It can cause pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in humans. Compared to , which is the most prevalent subspecies of the MTBC, infection has a different etiology.

Effect of Puumala hantavirus infection on human umbilical vein endothelial cell hemostatic function: platelet interactions, increased tissue factor expression and fibrinolysis regulator release.

Puumala virus (PUUV) infection causes over 5000 cases of hemorrhagic fever in Europe annually and can influence the hemostatic balance extensively. Infection might lead to hemorrhage, while a recent study showed an increased risk of myocardial infarction during or shortly after PUUV infection. The mechanism by which this hantavirus influences the coagulation system remains unknown.

Time since onset of disease and individual clinical markers associate with transcriptional changes in uncomplicated dengue.

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) infection causes viral haemorrhagic fever that is characterized by extensive activation of the immune system. The aim of this study is to investigate the kinetics of the transcriptome signature changes during the course of disease and the association of genes in these signatures with clinical parameters.

Methodology/principle Findings: Sequential whole blood samples from DENV infected patients in Jakarta were profiled using affymetrix microarrays, which were analysed using principal component analysis, limma, gene set analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Hyperferritinaemia in dengue virus infected patients is associated with immune activation and coagulation disturbances.

Background: During a dengue outbreak on the Caribbean island Aruba, highly elevated levels of ferritin were detected in dengue virus infected patients. Ferritin is an acute-phase reactant and hyperferritinaemia is a hallmark of diseases caused by extensive immune activation, such as haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyperferritinaemia in dengue patients was associated with clinical markers of extensive immune activation and coagulation disturbances.

Serum angiopoietin-2 and soluble VEGF receptor 2 are surrogate markers for plasma leakage in patients with acute dengue virus infection.

Background: Endothelial cell dysfunction is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of plasma leakage in patients with acute dengue virus (DENV) infection. Several factors, produced by activated endothelial cells, have been associated with plasma leakage or severe disease in patients with infectious diseases.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate which of these markers could serve as a surrogate marker for the occurrence of plasma leakage in patients with acute DENV infection.

Microbial translocation is associated with extensive immune activation in dengue virus infected patients with severe disease.

Background: Severe dengue virus (DENV) disease is associated with extensive immune activation, characterized by a cytokine storm. Previously, elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in dengue were found to correlate with clinical disease severity. In the present cross-sectional study we identified markers of microbial translocation and immune activation, which are associated with severe manifestations of DENV infection.

Evaluation of the 2009 WHO dengue case classification in an Indonesian pediatric cohort.

The classification of dengue virus-infected patients continues to be a challenge to researchers and clinicians in the field. The accuracy of the 1997 World Health Organization (WHO) dengue case definition has been debated for a decade, because the definition was very stringent, for instance, several researchers showed that apparently severe cases were misclassified as not severe. Therefore the WHO issued revised guidelines in 2009.

Lipopolysaccharide levels are elevated in dengue virus infected patients and correlate with disease severity.

Background: Although in the majority of cases dengue virus (DENV) infection results in a self-limiting febrile disease, it can cause severe plasma leakage in a minority of patients. The appearance of plasma leakage indicates an increased permeability of the vascular wall. In this study we investigated if DENV infection can lead to leakage of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the intestine into the blood of the patient, indicative of an increased permeability of the intestinal mucosal barrier.