Factors Influencing Initial Rehabilitation Type After Hip Fracture Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe and compare the factors that impact initial rehabilitation type after hip fracture surgery.

Design: Retrospective population-based cohort study.

Setting And Participants: People aged between 50 and 105 with a hip fracture who had a surgical repair in Ontario, Canada, between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021.

Qualitative Evaluation of a Novel Educational Tool to Communicate Individualized Hip Fracture Prognostic Information to Patients and Surrogates: My Hip Fracture (My-HF).

Introduction: Mortality and morbidity are high for older adults after hip fracture (HF), but patients and surrogate decision makers (SDMs) are typically unaware of the poor prognosis. We developed a novel educational tool, (My-HF), to provide patients and SDMs of patients hospitalized with acute HF individualized estimates of their post-HF prognosis. We conducted initial usability testing of My-HF in a sample of patients with HF and SDMs.

Non-invasive brain stimulation for food cravings, consumption, and disorders of eating: A review of methods, findings and controversies.

Objective: To describe the state of the human research literature pertaining to the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) procedures for modulating food cravings, food consumption, and treating disorders of eating (i.e., obesity, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa).

Effects of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation on Food Cravings and Consumption: A Meta-Analytic Review.

Objective: The primary aim of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of noninvasive brain stimulation to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) for modulating appetitive food cravings and consumption in laboratory (via meta-analysis) and therapeutic (via systematic review) contexts.

Methods: Keyword searches of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychoInfo, and EMBASE) and searches of previous quantitative reviews were used to identify studies (experimental [single-session] or randomized trials [multi-session]) that examined the effects of neuromodulation to the dlPFC on food cravings (n = 9) and/or consumption (n = 7). Random-effects models were employed to estimate the overall and method-specific (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation [rTMS] and transcranial direct current stimulation [tDCS]) effect sizes.

Knowledge Confidence and Desire for Further Diabetes-Management Education among Nurses and Personal Support Workers in Long-Term Care.

Background: Diabetes care in the long-term care (LTC) setting is complicated by increased prevalence of comorbidities, age-related changes in medication tolerance, frailty and limited resources. Registered nurses (RNs), registered practical nurses (RPNs) and personal support workers (PSWs) are responsible for front-line diabetes care; however, there is limited formal diabetes education in this setting.

Purpose: The current study aimed to assess the knowledge confidence and desire for additional diabetes education among nurses and PSWs in the LTC setting.

Executive Function in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analytic Review.

Objective: To examine the extent to which Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impairments in executive function (EF).

Methods: Medline, PsychoInfo, and Scopus databases and published references were used to identify articles examining the association between T2DM status (case versus control) and EF decrements. Results from studies were converted to standardized mean differences and compared using random-effects models.

Expression of executive control in situational context: Effects of facilitating versus restraining cues on snack food consumption.

Objectives: To examine the effects of executive function (EF) on objectively measured high-calorie snack food consumption in 2 age groups and to explore the moderating influence of environmental cues.

Methods: In Study 1, 43 older adults (M(age) = 74.81) and in Study 2, 79 younger adults (M(age) = 18.

The effects of acute aerobic activity on cognition and cross-domain transfer to eating behavior.

Prior studies have demonstrated that a single session of aerobic exercise can enhance cognitive functioning; specifically, the inhibition facet of executive function (EF). Additionally, previous research has demonstrated that inhibitory abilities are essential for effective dietary self-control. However, it is currently unknown whether exercise induced enhancements in EF also facilitate self-control in the dietary domain.

Executive control resources and snack food consumption in the presence of restraining versus facilitating cues.

Prior studies have documented a negative relationship between strength of executive control resources (ECRs) and frequency of snack food consumption. However, little is known about what effect environmental cues (restraining versus facilitating) have on the engagement of such control resources. We presented 88 healthy adults with standardized tests of ECRs followed by a bogus taste test for three appetitive snack foods.