Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles.

The preparation of an indole appended vinamidinium salt, an indole appended vinylogous amide and an indole appended chloroenal are described. The subsequent regiospecific conversion of these indole containing building blocks to functionalized pyrazoles and pyrroles is detailed.

Role of aluminum in red-to-blue color changes in Hydrangea macrophylla sepals.

Red, purple, and blue sepals on selected cultivars of Hydrangea macrophylla were analyzed for their aluminum content. This content was determined to be a function of the sepal color with red sepals possessing 0-10 μg Al/g fresh sepal, purple sepals having 10-40 μg Al/g fresh sepal, and blue sepals containing greater than 40 μg Al/g fresh sepal. Accordingly, the threshold aluminum content needed to change H.