The compounding impact of the social determinants of health and COVID-19 on the mental health of young workers in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative, arts-based study.

The COVID-19 pandemic, a global health crisis, was acutely felt in the labour market for many young workers. Importantly, precarious employment, identified as an emergent social determinant of health, may negatively affect the mental health and well-being of young workers. To this end, we engaged with young workers to understand their workplace needs and challenges in the COVID-19 era and hear their recommendations for action.

Females and Housing First: An analysis of 18-month outcomes in a randomized controlled trial.

The main objective of this research was to qualitatively examine the impacts of Housing First (HF) specifically on those participants who identified themselves as female in response to question asking what their gender was. The data analyzed are from a larger, muti-site, randomized controlled trial. χ analysis was used to compare the life changes (coded as positive, neutral, or negative) experienced by 64 females (42 HF and 22 TAU).

Challenges and recommendations for advancing respite care for families of children and youth with special health care needs: A qualitative exploration.

Introduction: Caring for children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) is a significant undertaking for families. While respite care is intended to address this burden, demand continues to exceed supply. Exploring the perspectives of respite service providers (SPs) and stakeholders (SKs) provides unique insight into families' needs and respite care systems.

Parent-child relationship outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of housing first for indigenous and non-Indigenous parents experiencing homelessness, mental illness, and separation from their children.

Objective: To examine the impacts of Housing First (HF) on parent-child relationships for Indigenous and non-Indigenous parents experiencing homelessness and mental illness.

Method: Data on parent-child relationships were obtained through baseline and 18-month narrative interviews with parents ( = 43). Participants were randomly assigned to HF ( = 27) or treatment as usual (TAU; = 16).

Respite care: qualitative arts-based findings on the perspectives and experiences of families of children and youth with special healthcare needs residing in Manitoba, Canada.

Objectives: Respite for families of children and youth with special healthcare needs (CYSHCN) is essential for sustaining a family care environment. Lacking is an understanding of families' respite experiences who reside in Canada. We sought to understand experiences of the use of respite services by families with CYSHCN with the aim to help improve respite services.

Indigenous and non-Indigenous parents separated from their children and experiencing homelessness and mental illness in Canada.

The purpose of this study is to examine the parent-child experiences of Indigenous and non-Indigenous mothers and fathers experiencing homelessness, mental illness, and separation from their children. A qualitative thematic analysis of baseline and 18-month follow-up narrative interviews was used to compare 12 mothers (n = 8 Indigenous and n = 4 nonindigenous) with 24 fathers (n = 13 Indigenous and n = 11 non-Indigenous). First, it was found that children are more central in the lives of mothers than fathers.

Assessing perceptions of professionalism in medical learners by the level of training and sex.

Background: Canadian medical student and residents' severity ratings of professionalism vignettes were examined to identify the differences in ratings by the level of training and by sex.

Methods: Eight hundred and thirty-five medical learners (400 medical students and 435 residents) were invited to participate in an online survey measuring medical professionalism. The survey was composed of questions about descriptive information and professionalism vignettes.

Conceptualizations of help-seeking for mental health concerns in First Nations communities in Canada: A comparison of fit with the Andersen Behavioral Model.

This qualitative study explored the fit between on-reserve First Nations community members' conceptualizations of help-seeking for mental health concerns and the Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. Youth, adults and elders (N = 115) living and or working in eight distinct First Nations communities within a tribal council area in Canada participated in focus groups or individual interviews that were transcribed, coded and then analyzed using a thematic analysis approach informed by grounded theory methodology. Resulting themes were then mapped onto the Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use.

A Novel Emergency Telepsychiatry Program in a Canadian Urban Setting: Identifying and Addressing Perceived Barriers for Successful Implementation: Un nouveau programme de télépsychiatrie d'urgence en milieu urbain canadien: Identifier et aborder les obstacles perçus d'une mise en œuvre réussie.

Objectives: To report on the perceived barriers surrounding the use of telepsychiatry for emergency assessments and our approach to overcoming those barriers to achieve successful implementation of a program to increase access to emergency psychiatric assessment in a Canadian urban setting.

Methods: We conducted a survey of emergency care staff to inform the implementation of an emergency telepsychiatry program in the urban setting of Winnipeg, Manitoba, where hospitals have variable on-site emergency psychiatric coverage. We analyzed survey responses for perceived barriers we would need to address in implementation.

The entrepreneurship of survival among urban adults experiencing homelessness and mental illness.

Aims: Using an entrepreneurship lens, this study examined the narratives of urban adults experiencing homelessness and living with mental illness, to explore strategies used for day-to-day survival.

Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 females, 30 males, and one individual identifying as "other," living in a mid-sized Canadian city. The average age was 39 years.

Predictors of criminal justice system trajectories of homeless adults living with mental illness.

Objectives: This study examines whether baseline profiles of criminal justice involvement are independently associated with 24-month trajectories of arrests in a sample of homeless adults living with mental illness.

Methods: Interviews with justice-involved participants from the At Home/Chez soi project, a multisite trial of Housing First in Canada, yielded information related to arrests, as well as demographic, clinical, and contextual predictors of criminal justice system involvement. All potential predictors were entered into logistic and negative binomial regression models to assess their effect on re-arrest.

Surviving, healing and moving forward: Journeys towards resilience among Canadian Cree adults.

Background: Canadian First Nations (FN) people have experienced and continue to experience significant adversities, yet many demonstrate aspects of resilience.

Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to specifically understand Cree adults' meanings and mechanisms of resilience following maltreatment.

Methods: Ten Cree adults were interviewed individually.

Life changes among homeless persons with mental illness: a longitudinal study of housing first and usual treatment.

Objective: This study compared the life changes of homeless people with mental illness participating in Housing First or treatment as usual and examined factors related to various changes.

Methods: Semistructured narrative interviews were conducted with 219 participants in five Canadian cities at baseline; 197 were interviewed again at 18 months after random assignment to Housing First (N=119) or treatment as usual (N=78). Interviews were coded across 13 life domains, and each participant was categorized as reporting positive, mixed-neutral, or negative changes.

Medical students' and postgraduate residents' observations of professionalism.

Background: There is increasing interest in teaching professionalism to medical learners. The purpose of this study was to explore professionalism observed among medical learners and faculty in a Canadian academic institution.

Methods: A total of 253 medical learners (30% response rate) completed an online survey measuring medical professionalism.

A history in-care predicts unique characteristics in a homeless population with mental illness.

Multiple studies of homeless persons report an increased prevalence of a history in-care, but there is a dearth of information on associated outcomes or relevant demographic profiles. This information is critical to understanding if certain individuals are at elevated risk or might benefit from specific intervention. Here, we investigate how a history in-care relates to demographics and multiple outcome measures in a homeless population with mental illness.

Canadian infants' nutrient intakes from complementary foods during the first year of life.

Background: Complementary feeding is currently recommended after six months of age, when the nutrients in breast milk alone are no longer adequate to support growth. Few studies have examined macro- and micro-nutrient intakes from complementary foods (CF) only. Our purpose was to assess the sources and nutritional contribution of CF over the first year of life.

Meaning of Health: The Perspectives of Aboriginal Adults and Youth in a Northern Manitoba First Nations Community.

Objective: To explore perspectives on the meaning of health to Aboriginal adults and youth living in a northern Manitoba First Nations community.

Methods: Six focus groups with 29 youth and individual interviews with 10 adults were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed.

Results: Adults and older youth used aspects of health depicted in the Medicine Wheel to describe being healthy, but younger youth were not as specific.