The Impact of Vitamin D, Calcium, Protein Supplementation, and Physical Exercise on Bone Metabolism After Bariatric Surgery: The BABS Study.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are common and effective methods to treat severe obesity, but these procedures can adversely influence bone metabolism and areal bone mineral density (aBMD). This was a prospective 24-month single-center interventional two-arm study in 220 women and similarly aged men (median age 40.7 years) with a body mass index (BMI) >38 kg/m(2) after RYGB and SG procedures.

Atypical Femoral Fractures-Ongoing and History of Bone-Specific Therapy, Concomitant Diseases, Medications, and Survival.

Although atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) are generally rare events; several studies have indicated a potential link between AFF and long-term bone-specific therapies (BSTs). The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of AFF and potential associations with prior or ongoing BST. A total of 8851 Caucasian female and male patients with de novo hip fractures treated in the largest Austrian level 1 trauma center from 2000 to 2013 were selected.

Inhibition of Na+/H+ exchanger activity by parvovirus B19 protein NS1.

Infection with parvovirus B19 (B19) may induce apoptosis resulting in anemia, acute fulminant liver failure, placental insufficiency and myocarditis. Apoptosis has been attributed to proapoptotic activity of the non-structural viral protein NS1, which is known to trigger a signaling cascade eventually leading to activation of caspases. In several cell types apoptosis was found to be paralleled by profound cytosolic acidification, which may be secondary to inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger.