Pain attitudes and pain outcomes among people with bleeding disorders: Results from community voices in research.

Introduction: Among people with bleeding disorders (PwBD), pain is a major problem and pain treatments are often ineffective. Understanding of psychological factors involved in pain processing is limited. Maladaptive pain attitudes are associated with worse pain outcomes and adaptive pain attitudes are associated with better outcomes in high pain conditions, but relationships between pain attitudes and pain outcomes are so far unexplored among PwBD.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: assessment and treatment of children from culturally different groups.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now thought to affect from 3 to 7% of school-age children. Children with ADHD will often experience serious problems functioning in the school environment. More and more children from culturally diverse groups are being diagnosed as having ADHD.