Analyzing blank cutting edge efficiency associated with the adoption of microblade technology: A case study from Tolbor-17, Mongolia.

The phenomenon of lithic miniaturization during the Late Pleistocene at times coincided with increased artifact standardization and cutting edge efficiency-likely reflecting the use of small, sharp artifacts as interchangeable inserts for composite cutting tools and hunting weapons. During Marine Isotope Stage 2, Upper Paleolithic toolmakers in northern East Asia specifically used pressure techniques to make small, highly standardized lithic artifacts called microblades. However, little is currently known about how microblades affected the cutting edge efficiency of the toolkits they were a part of.

Three-dimensional modeling in anatomy-Tool or terror?

Three-dimensional (3D) modeling is a recent, innovative approach to teaching anatomy. There is little literature, however, to suggest how 3D modeling is best used to teach students and whether or not students can gain the same level of understanding as they might use more traditional, hands-on, teaching methods. This study evaluated the use of a 3D modeling software in both a flipped classroom curriculum and as an active learning tool in comparison to traditional, physical model-based teaching.

Shades of digital deception: Self-presentation among men seeking men on locative dating apps.

In recent years, location-based real-time dating apps like Grindr and Tinder have assumed an increasingly pivotal role in brokering socio-sexual relations between men seeking men and have proven to be fertile ground for the study of identity negotiation and impression management. However, current research has given insufficient consideration to how various contextual elements of technology use interact with one another to shape self-presentation behaviour. Through analysis of interview data, we found impression construction on these apps reflects tensions between authentic depiction of the self-concept and self-enhancement via deception.

After the blades: The late MIS3 flake-based technology at Shuidonggou Locality 2, North China.

Contrasting with the predominance of blade-based assemblages in the Eurasian Upper Paleolithic, the large-scale persistence of a core-and-flake technology remains one of the defining features of Late Pleistocene lithic technology in East Asia. In North China, Shuidonggou is an exceptional site where both technologies are documented, therefore, it is an important archaeological sequence to understand regional technological evolution during the Marine Isotopic Stage 3. Blade technology first occurred at Shuidonggou Locality 1 and 2 around 41 ka cal BP while core-and-flake assemblages were widespread in North China.

Model of severe malaria in young mice suggests unique response of CD4 T cells.

Severe malaria occurs most in young children but is poorly understood due to the absence of a developmentally-equivalent rodent model to study the pathogenesis of the disease. Though functional and quantitative deficiencies in innate response and a biased T helper 1 (Th1) response are reported in newborn pups, there is little information available about this intermediate stage of the adaptive immune system in murine neonates. To fill this gap in knowledge, we have developed a mouse model of severe malaria in young mice using 15-day old mice (pups) infected with Plasmodium chabaudi.

On the kinetic mechanism of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase.

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH, EC 3.5.3.

Building community, one swipe at a time: hook-up apps and the production of intimate publics between women.

Hook-up apps are an increasingly popular way for women to meet other people for sex, dating, relationships, and more. As a mundane and habitual form of media, the multiple uses of hook-up apps allow for the production of intimacy in surprising and complex ways. This paper draws on narrative interviews with 15 self-identifying women to explore how dating and hook-up apps help produce 'intimate publics' for women.

Ultrasound as a Learning Tool in Bachelor-Level Anatomy Education.

Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) has become an increasingly common diagnostic tool in the clinical environment. As a result, it is being used earlier for medical students in Undergraduate Medical Education (UME) as a learning tool for the basic sciences including gross anatomy. There is little literature, however, to support its utility for basic science education in students currently seeking a bachelor's degree.

Anion Complexation Studies of 3-Nitrophenyl-Substituted Tripodal Thiourea Receptor: A Naked-Eye Detection of Sulfate via Fluoride Displacement Assay.

A thiourea-based tripodal receptor substituted with 3-nitrophenyl groups has been synthesized, and the binding affinity for a variety of anions has been studied by H NMR titrations and nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy experiments in dimethyl sulfoxide-. As investigated by H NMR titrations, the receptor binds an anion in a 1:1 binding mode, showing the highest binding and strong selectivity for sulfate anion. A competitive colorimetric assay in the presence of fluoride suggests that the sulfate is capable of displacing the bound fluoride, showing a sharp visible color change.

Use of a Novel Memory Aid to Educate Perioperative Team Members on Proper Patient Positioning Technique.

Interdisciplinary collaboration is key to safe surgical positioning. Although the surgical procedure dictates the patient's position, surgeons, anesthesia care providers, intraoperative nurses, and ancillary staff members must work together to achieve the goal of safe positioning. Correct patient positioning includes the provision of adequate access to the surgical site for the surgeon and surgical assistants.

An Ideal -Symmetric Sulfate Complex: Molecular Recognition of Oxoanions by -Nitrophenyl- and Pentafluorophenyl-Functionalized Hexaurea Receptors.

The anion-binding properties of two tripodal-based hexaureas appended with the -nitrophenyl () and pentafluorophenyl () groups have been studied both experimentally and theoretically, showing strong affinities for sulfate over other inorganic oxoanions such as hydrogen sulfate, dihydrogen phosphate, bicarbonate, nitrate, and perchlorate. The structural analysis of the sulfate complex with reveals that the receptor organizes all urea-binding sites toward the cavity at precise orientations around a tetrahedral sulfate anion to form an ideal -symmetric sulfate complex that is stabilized by 12 hydrogen-bonding interactions. The receptor and the encapsulated sulfate are located on the threefold axis passing through the bridgehead nitrogen of and the sulfur atom of the anionic guest.

Benzoxazoles, Phthalazinones, and Arylurea-Based Compounds with IMP Dehydrogenase-Independent Antibacterial Activity against Francisella tularensis.

is the causative agent of tularemia and a potential biowarfare agent. The virulence of is decreased by deletion of , the gene encoding IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH), suggesting that this enzyme is a target for antibacterial design. Here we report that growth is blocked by inhibitors of bacterial IMPDHs.

Remarkable hexafunctional anion receptor with operational urea-based inner cleft and thiourea-based outer cleft: Novel design with high-efficiency for sulfate binding.

The recognition of anions by designed receptors has attracted much attention in recent days. In particular, the selective binding of sulfate with artificial receptors is important because of its relevance to many biological and environmental applications. However, the development of organized molecular receptors with high-efficiency for sulfate binding still remains a significant challenge.

Synthetic Receptors Induce Anti Angiogenic and Stress Signaling on Human First Trimester Cytotrophoblast Cells.

The cytotrophoblast (CTB) cells of the human placenta have membrane receptors that bind certain cardiotonic steroids (CTS) found in blood plasma. One of these, marinobufagenin, is a key factor in the etiology of preeclampsia. Herein, we used synthetic receptors (SR) to study their effectiveness on the angiogenic profile of human first trimester CTB cells.

Inter-Observer Variability in the Interpretation of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Specimens of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Interpretation of ER specimens.

Introduction: Endoscopic resection (ER) has revolutionized the staging and therapy of superficial esophageal adenocarcinoma. Pathologic evaluation allows an assessment of the risk of lymph node metastases based on tumor characteristics. The aim of this study was to assess the inter-observer variability in pathologic assessment of ER specimens of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

The Durability of Endoscopic Therapy for Treatment of Barrett's Metaplasia, Dysplasia, and Mucosal Cancer After Nissen Fundoplication.

Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) ± endoscopic resection (EMR) is an established treatment strategy for neoplastic Barrett's and intramucosal cancer. Most patients are managed with proton pump inhibitors. The incidence of recurrent Barrett's metaplasia, dysplasia, or cancer after complete eradication is up to 43 % using this strategy.

Synthesis and anion binding studies of tris(3-aminopropyl)amine-based tripodal urea and thiourea receptors: Proton transfer-induced selectivity for hydrogen sulfate over sulfate.

Tris(3-aminopropyl)amine-based tripodal urea and thiourea receptors, tris([(4-cyanophenyl)amino]propyl)urea () and tris([(4-cyanophenyl)amino]propyl)thiourea (), have been synthesized and their anion binding properties have been investigated for halides and oxoanions. As investigated by H NMR titrations, each receptor binds an anion with a 1:1 stoichiometry hydrogen-bonding interactions (NH⋯anion), showing the binding trend in the order of F > HPO > HCO > HSO > CHCOO > SO > Cl > Br > I in DMSO- . The interactions of the receptors were further studied by 2D NOESY, showing the loss of NOESY contacts of two NH resonances for the complexes of F, HPO, HCO, HSO or CHCOO due to the strong NH⋯anion interactions.

"It's complicated": collective memories of transgender, queer, and questioning youth in high school.

Using the qualitative participatory action methodology, collective memory work, this study explored how transgender, queer, and questioning (TQQ) youth make meaning of their sexual orientation and gender identity through high school experiences. Researchers identified three major conceptual but overlapping themes from the data generated in the transgender, queer, and questioning youth focus group: a need for resilience, you should be able to be safe, and this is what action looks like! The researchers discuss how as a research product, a documentary can effectively "capture voices" of participants, making research accessible and attractive to parents, practitioners, policy makers, and participants.

Phthalazinone inhibitors of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase from Cryptosporidium parvum.

Cryptosporidium parvum (Cp) is a potential biowarfare agent and major cause of diarrhea and malnutrition. This protozoan parasite relies on inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for the production of guanine nucleotides. A CpIMPDH-selective N-aryl-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-1-phthalazineacetamide inhibitor was previously identified in a high throughput screening campaign.

Expert training with standardized operative technique helps establish a successful penile prosthetics program for urologic resident education.

Introduction: The challenge of resident education in urologic surgery programs is to overcome disparity imparted by diverse patient populations, limited training times, and inequalities in the availability of expert surgical educators. Specifically, in the area of prosthetic urology, only a small proportion of programs have full-time faculty available to train residents in this discipline.

Aim: To examine whether a new model using yearly training sessions from a recognized expert can establish a successful penile prosthetics program and result in better outcomes, higher case volumes, and willingness to perform more complex surgeries.

On the mechanism of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase inactivation by 4-halopyridines.

Small molecules capable of selective covalent protein modification are of significant interest for the development of biological probes and therapeutics. We recently reported that 2-methyl-4-bromopyridine is a quiescent affinity label for the nitric oxide controlling enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) (Johnson, C. M.

Prostaglandin E₂mediates spontaneous rhythmic contraction in rabbit detrusor muscle.

Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to determine if prostaglandin E₂(PGE₂) is produced by rabbit detrusor free of urothelium and demonstrate that PGE₂ is responsible for the generation of spontaneous rhythmic contraction (SRC).

Methods: A bioassay was performed in which contraction frequency in strips of rabbit detrusor was compared before and after addition of superfusate from incubating sections of rabbit detrusor. Specificity was determined by testing the effects of SC-51089, a PGE₂(EP1) antagonist.

Discovery of halopyridines as quiescent affinity labels: inactivation of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase.

In an effort to develop novel covalent modifiers of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) that are useful for biological applications, a set of "fragment"-sized inhibitors that were identified using a high-throughput screen are tested for time-dependent inhibition. One structural class of inactivators, 4-halopyridines, show time- and concentration-dependent inactivation of DDAH, and the inactivation mechanism of one example, 4-bromo-2-methylpyridine (1), is characterized in detail. The neutral form of halopyridines is not very reactive with excess glutathione.

Spatial Segregation of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate (PIP(2)) Signaling in Immune Cell Functions.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) is a prevalent phosphoinositide in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. PIP(2) associates with an ever-growing list of proteins, and participates in a variety of cellular processes. PIP(2) signaling to the actin cytoskeleton transduces specific signals necessary for changes in morphology, motility, endocytosis, exocytosis, phagocytosis, and cell activation.

Triazole inhibitors of Cryptosporidium parvum inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase.

Cryptosporidium parvum is an important human pathogen and potential bioterrorism agent. This protozoan parasite cannot salvage guanine or guanosine and therefore relies on inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides and hence for survival. Because C.