Digital motor intervention effects on physical activity performance of individuals with developmental disabilities: a systematic review.

Purpose: Post-pandemic, use of digital technologies (e.g., mobile app, Zoom, virtual reality, and videogaming) to promote physical activity (PA) in populations with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) has increased.

Digital motor intervention effects on motor performance of individuals with developmental disabilities: a systematic review.

Background: Individuals (i.e. children/young adults) with developmental disabilities (DDs) and intellectual disabilities (IDs) often display a variety of physical and motor impairments.

Exploring the therapeutic utility of the factor XIa inhibitor asundexian.

Purpose: Factor XIa inhibitors are a promising novel class of anticoagulants that attenuate pathological thrombosis with minimal interference with hemostasis. These effects contrast with those of conventional anticoagulants, which may exhibit adverse events of untoward bleeding precluding treatment in some patients. A variety of investigational pharmacological modalities have been developed and studied to target factor XIa.

Temperature-controlled radiofrequency device treatment of septal swell bodies for nasal airway obstruction: An open-label, single arm multicenter study.

Background: Nasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a highly prevalent disorder. Septal swell body (SSB) hypertrophy is an often overlooked contributor to NAO. SSB treatment may relieve symptoms of NAO.

"She is courageous because she does not care what people think about her…": attitudes toward adolescent contraception use among Rwandan family planning providers and adult female modern contraceptive users.

Introduction: In Rwanda, only 20% of sexually active unmarried young women use family planning as compared to 64% of married women. Adolescence is an important time of growth and development that often includes the initiation of sexual activity. Sexually active adolescents need support in accessing contraceptive services to prevent negative health outcomes.

Laryngeal and pharyngeal actinomycosis: a systematic review and report of 3 cases.

Introduction: Actinomycosis is a granulomatous infection that rarely involves the larynx or pharynx. Three cases of actinomycosis of the larynx or pharynx from our institution were reviewed and a systematic literature review was performed to better define surgical management, antibiotic therapy, risk factors, and incidence of recurrence or complications.

Materials And Methods: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched on November 30, 2021 using the terms "laryngeal actinomycosis", "pharyngeal actinomycosis", "actinomycosis AND larynx", and "actinomycosis AND pharynx.

Understanding Caregiver Perspective on Social Determinants of Health Interventions in Pediatric Primary Care.

Comprehensive social risk screening has become standard practice in primary care. Evidence is lacking, however, on whether and how interventions provided for positive screens are being utilized. This study aimed to create a standardized follow-up process to evaluate caregiver perspective and usage of community resources provided during well-child visits.

Risk and Protective Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Against Bisexual Victims: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Bisexual-identifying individuals appear to be at increased risk of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) compared to people of other sexualities. The purpose of this systematic scoping review was to examine risk and protective factors for the perpetration of IPV against bisexual victims and to provide a preliminary quality assessment of the included studies. A systematic search of academic and grey literature was conducted in February 2021.

Family planning demand generation in Rwanda: Government efforts at the national and community level impact interpersonal communication and family norms.

Between 2005 and 2020, total contraceptive use among married women in Rwanda increased from 17% to 64%. The aim of this study is to better understand how the Rwandan government's mobilization and demand generation efforts have impacted community norms and interpersonal discourse surrounding family planning. Eight focus group discussions with family planning providers and 32 in-depth interviews with experienced modern contraceptive users were conducted in 2018 in the two Rwandan districts with the highest and the lowest contraceptive prevalence rates.

A Scoping Review of the Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Persons Experiencing Homelessness in North America and Europe.

Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at heightened risk for infection, morbidity, and mortality from COVID-19. However, health consequences of the pandemic extend far beyond those directly caused by the virus. This scoping review aimed to explore the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and well-being of PEH in North America and Europe.

Anticipating the outcomes: how young adults with developmental disabilities and co-occurring mental health conditions make decisions about disclosure of their mental health conditions at work.

Purpose: Little is known about how young adults (YA) with developmental disabilities (DD) and co-occurring mental health conditions navigate workplace disclosure of their mental health condition(s). We sought to understand the guidance professionals provide regarding disclosure and the decisions YA makes about disclosure of mental health conditions.

Methods: We conducted focus groups with professionals who support YA with DD to attain and maintain employment ( = 17) and individual interviews with YA with DD and co-occurring mental health conditions ( = 12; DD diagnoses: autism,  = 9, other DD,  = 3).

Physiotherapists' role in physical activity promotion: Qualitative reflections of patients and providers.

Background: Physiotherapists are often important figures in the lives of people with physical disabilities and chronic conditions, yet gaps in understanding remain regarding how therapists promote physical activity and leverage existing community-based recreation programs.

Purpose: We used qualitative methods to explore experiences of physiotherapists as well as individuals with disabilities and chronic conditions receiving physiotherapy, with a focus on strategies to promote physical activity and the extent that therapists leverage community-based resources and programs.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were completed with nine physiotherapists (six American and three Canadian) and eight individuals with a physical disability (all Americans).

"…the availability of contraceptives is everywhere.": coordinated and integrated public family planning service delivery in Rwanda.

Background: Contraceptive use in Rwanda tripled since 2005. This study aims to understand the role of coordinated and integrated public family planning service delivery in achieving this increase in contraceptive use in Rwanda.

Methods: This qualitative study in 2018 included eight focus group discussions with family planning providers and 32 in-depth interviews with experienced family planning users.

Color Doppler ultrasonography of an agitated solution is predictive of accurate catheter placement for a continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block.

Background: Continuous peripheral nerve catheters (PNCs) have been shown to provide superior postoperative analgesia, decrease opioid consumption, and improve patient satisfaction compared with single injection techniques. In order to achieve success and reliability, accurate catheter positioning is an essential element of PNC placement. An agitated solution of normal saline, D5W, or a local anesthetic solution can be produced by the introduction of air to the injectate, creating air bubbles that can enhance ultrasonographic visualization and possibly improve block success.

Family planning providers and contraceptive users in Rwanda employ strategies to prevent discontinuation.

Background: In Rwanda, nearly a third of contraceptive users discontinue within the first year of use. Family planning programs often focus more on recruitment of new users as opposed to maintaining use among current users. A focus on sustaining users and minimizing discontinuation is imperative for long-term family planning program success.

One Room Schoolhouse: A Novel Intervention for Inspired Academic Half-Day Learning in Distributed Campus Settings.

Introduction: Some studies on academic half days (AHDs) suggest that learning in this context is associated with a lack of educational engagement. This challenge may be amplified in distributed campus settings, where geographical disadvantages demand reliance on videoconferencing or considerable time spent travelling to in-person learning events. Concerns about the educational effectiveness of AHDs by learners within our distributed campus setting led to the development and evaluation of the One Room Schoolhouse (ORS), a unique, evidence-informed, community-based curriculum that partially replaced the AHD sessions delivered at the main campus.

Is preoperative genicular radiofrequency ablation effective for reducing pain following total knee arthroplasty? A pilot randomized clinical trial.

Background And Objective: Although total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for severe knee osteoarthritis (OA), a subset of patients experience significant postoperative pain and dissatisfaction. Several clinical trials support the analgesic benefits of genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GN-RFA) for non-operative knee OA, but only one prior trial has examined the effects of this intervention given preoperatively on postoperative outcomes following TKA, showing no analgesic benefit of cooled GN-RFA. The current study evaluated whether conventional thermal GN-RFA performed preoperatively resulted in significant improvements in pain and function following TKA.

"…we have to think first what we are going to feed our children before we have them …": Rwandan women use family planning to provide a better life for their children.

Use of modern contraception in Rwanda has risen dramatically over a short time period. To better understand contraceptive users' motivations for family planning services in Rwanda, 32 in-depth interviews with contraceptive users and eight focus groups with 88 family planning providers were conducted in Rwanda's Musanze and Nyamasheke districts. Study participants noted how family planning is critical for providing a better life for children.

An examination of the barriers to and benefits from collaborative couple contraceptive use in Rwanda.

Background: Supportive male involvement is strongly correlated with contraceptive use. In Rwanda, where the contraceptive prevalence rate among married women increased from 17 to 52% from 2005 to 2010, and stagnated at 53% in 2015, understanding the role of male partners in collaborative couple contraceptive use can help inform programs designed to further increase the use of contraception in Rwanda.

Methods: This study utilized qualitative methods in 2018, specifically 32 in-depth interviewers with mostly current users of modern contraceptive methods and eight focus group discussions with family planning providers-both family planning nurses and community health workers (CHWs).

"… the way we welcome them is how we will lead them to love family planning.": family planning providers in Rwanda foster compassionate relationships with clients despite workplace challenges.

Background: Rwanda has markedly increased the nation's contraceptive use in a short period of time, tripling contraceptive prevalence in just 5 years between 2005 and 2010. An integral aspect of family planning programs is the interactions between family planning providers and clients. This study aims to understand the client-provider relationship in the Rwandan family planning program and to also examine barriers to those relationships.

A Rapid Realist Review of Group Psychological First Aid for Humanitarian Workers and Volunteers.

Humanitarian workers are at an elevated risk of occupational trauma exposure and its associated psychological consequences, and experience increased levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to the general population. Psychological first aid (PFA) aims to prevent acute distress reactions from developing into long-term distress by instilling feelings of safety, calmness, self- and community efficacy, connectedness and hope. Group PFA (GPFA) delivers PFA in a group or team setting.

Longitudinal Narrative Analysis of Parent Experiences During Graded Exposure Treatment for Children With Chronic Pain.

Objectives: Parents have a vital influence over their child's chronic pain treatment and management. Graded exposure in vivo treatment (GET) is emerging as a promising intervention for youth with chronic pain. Yet, little is known about how parents perceive GET and its impact on their child's pain condition.

Distortions of the Efferent Copy during Force Perception: A Study of Force Drifts and Effects of Muscle Vibration.

We used a finger force matching task to explore the role of efferent signals in force perception. Healthy, young participants performed accurate force production tasks at different force levels with the index and middle fingers of one hand (task-hand). They received visual feedback during an early part of each trial only.

New respirator performance monitor (RePM) for powered air-purifying respirators.

Powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) that offer protection from particulates are deployed in different workplace environments. Usage of PAPRs by healthcare workers is rapidly increasing; these respirators are often considered the best option in healthcare settings, particularly during public health emergency situations, such as outbreaks of pandemic diseases. At the same time, lack of user training and certain vigorous work activities may lead to a decrease in a respirator's performance.

The Influence of Academic Hospitalists on Labor and Delivery Outcomes.

Background: Our goal was to examine differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes following the transition from a private practice to an academic model at a community hospital.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of a high-volume community hospital labor and delivery unit. A private practice hospitalist group was replaced with academic hospitalists.