Integration of lipidomics with targeted, single cell, and spatial transcriptomics defines an unresolved pro-inflammatory state in colon cancer.

Background: Over a century ago, Virchow proposed that cancer represents a chronically inflamed, poorly healing wound. Normal wound healing is represented by a transitory phase of inflammation, followed by a pro-resolution phase, with prostaglandin (PGE2/PGD2)-induced 'lipid class switching' producing inflammation-quenching lipoxins (LXA4, LXB4).

Objective: We explored if lipid dysregulation in colorectal cancers (CRCs) is driven by a failure to resolve inflammation.

Integrated genome and metabolome mining unveiled structure and biosynthesis of novel lipopeptides from a deep-sea Rhodococcus.

Microbial biosurfactants have garnered significant interest from industry due to their lower toxicity, biodegradability, activity at lower concentrations and higher resistance compared to synthetic surfactants. The deep-sea Rhodococcus sp. I2R has been identified as a producer of glycolipid biosurfactants, specifically succinoyl trehalolipids, which exhibit antiviral activity.

Methacrylated chitosan/jellyfish collagen membranes as cell instructive platforms for liver tissue engineering.

Although the multidisciplinary area of liver tissue engineering is in continuous progress, research in this field is still focused on developing an ideal liver tissue template. Innovative strategies are required to improve membrane stability and bioactivity. In our study, sustainable biomimetic membranes were developed by blending methacrylated chitosan (CSMA) with jellyfish collagen (jCol) for liver tissue engineering applications.

Effect of vitamin E δ-tocotrienol and aspirin on Wnt signaling in human colon cancer stem cells and in adenoma development in APCmin/+ mice.

In this study, we evaluated the effects of vitamin E δ-tocotrienol (DT3) and aspirin on Wnt signaling in human colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs) and in the prevention of adenoma formation in APCmin/+ mice. We found that knockdown of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene led to subsequent activation of Wnt signaling in colon epithelial cells (NCM460-APCsiRNA) and induction of β-catenin and its downstream target proteins c-MYC, cyclin D1, and survivin. When aspirin and DT3 were combined, cell growth and survival were inhibited and apoptosis was induced in colon epithelial cells and CCSCs.

Current Evidence Using Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.

(1) Osteoarthritis (OA) significantly impacts patients' quality of life and negatively affects public healthcare costs. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) in OA treatment across different anatomical districts, determining pain reduction and overall improvement in the patient's quality of life. (2) In this systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for randomized controlled trials involving patients with osteoarthritis undergoing PEMF therapy.

Spectrum of somatic mutational features of colorectal tumors in ancestrally diverse populations.

Unlabelled: Ancestrally diverse and admixed populations, including the Hispanic/Latino/a/x/e community, are underrepresented in cancer genetic and genomic studies. Leveraging the Latino Colorectal Cancer Consortium, we analyzed whole exome sequencing data on tumor/normal pairs from 718 individuals with colorectal cancer (128 Latino, 469 non-Latino) to map somatic mutational features by ethnicity and genetic ancestry. Global proportions of African, East Asian, European, and Native American ancestries were estimated using ADMIXTURE.

Bioremediation for the recovery of oil polluted marine environment, opportunities and challenges approaching the Blue Growth.

The Blue Growth strategy promises a sustainable use of marine resources for the benefit of the society. However, oil pollution in the marine environment is still a serious issue for human, animal, and environmental health; in addition, it deprives citizens of the potential economic and recreational advantages in the affected areas. Bioremediation, that is the use of bio-resources for the degradation of pollutants, is one of the focal themes on which the Blue Growth aims to.

Excess degassing drives long-term volcanic unrest at Nevado del Ruiz.

This study combines volcanic gas compositions, SO flux and satellite thermal data collected at Nevado del Ruiz between 2018 and 2021. We find the Nevado del Ruiz plume to have exhibited relatively steady, high CO compositions (avg. CO/S ratios of 5.

Current and Expected Trends for the Marine Chitin/Chitosan and Collagen Value Chains.

Chitin/chitosan and collagen are two of the most important bioactive compounds, with applications in the pharmaceutical, veterinary, nutraceutical, cosmetic, biomaterials, and other industries. When extracted from non-edible parts of fish and shellfish, by-catches, and invasive species, their use contributes to a more sustainable and circular economy. The present article reviews the scientific knowledge and publication trends along the marine chitin/chitosan and collagen value chains and assesses how researchers, industry players, and end-users can bridge the gap between scientific understanding and industrial applications.

The Role of the Stimulus in Olfactory Plasticity.

Plasticity, the term we use to describe the ability of a nervous system to change with experience, is the evolutionary adaptation that freed animal behavior from the confines of genetic determinism. This capacity, which increases with brain complexity, is nowhere more evident than in vertebrates, especially mammals. Though the scientific study of brain plasticity dates back at least to the mid-19th century, the last several decades have seen unprecedented advances in the field afforded by new technologies.

p21 Protein Outperforms Clinico-pathological Criteria in Predicting Liver Metastases in Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors.

Background/aim: P21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor regulating the cell cycle as a tumor suppressor. Using a p21 immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, we compared tumor p21 levels with conventional clinico-pathological criteria in primary pancreatic endocrine tumor subsets with and without liver metastases.

Materials And Methods: Sections from tissue microarray (TMA) including 13 archival metastatic primary and 18 non-metastatic primary pancreatic endocrine carcinomas/tumors (MP-PECAs/NMP-PETs) were stained with a monoclonal anti-p21 primary antibody.

Survivin Dendritic Cell Vaccine Safely Induces Immune Responses and Is Associated with Durable Disease Control after Autologous Transplant in Patients with Myeloma.

Purpose: We investigated whether a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine transduced with an adenoviral vector encoded with full-length survivin (Ad-S), with mutations neutralizing its antiapoptotic function, could safely generate an immune response and deepen clinical responses when administered before and after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for multiple myeloma.

Patients And Methods: This phase I first-in-human trial (NCT02851056) evaluated the safety of DC:Ad-S in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma not having achieved complete response with induction, given 7 to 30 days prior to stem cell collection and 20 to 34 days after ASCT. Anti-survivin antibodies and CD4+ and CD8+ specific T cells were quantified.

Validation of an Eco-Friendly Automated Method for the Determination of Glucose and Fructose in Wines.

Fermentable sugar dosage helps oenologists to establish a harvest's moment and control the fermentation process of the musts. The official analyses recommended for their determination are long, laborious, and must be carried out by specialized personnel. On the contrary, instrumental analysis automation limits human errors, increases precision, and reduces the time and cost of the analyses.

Lava dome cycles reveal rise and fall of magma column at Popocatépetl volcano.

Lava domes exhibit highly unpredictable and hazardous behavior, which is why imaging their morphological evolution to decipher the underlying governing mechanisms remains a major challenge. Using high-resolution satellite radar imagery enhanced with deep-learning, we image the repetitive dome construction-subsidence cycles at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico) with very high temporal and spatial resolution. We show that these cycles resemble gas-driven rise and fall of the upper magma column, where buoyant bubble-rich magma is extruded from the conduit (in ~hours-days), and successively drained back (in ~days-months) as magma degasses and crystallizes.

An miRNA Signature Predicts Grading of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Background/aim: Grading pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) via mitotic rate and Ki-67 index score is complicated by interobserver variability. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) are useful for predicting tumour progression and may be useful for grading.

Patients And Methods: Twelve PNENs were selected.

Education nursing students' in Palliative Care and Pain Therapy: an observational study.

Background And Aim: University education plays an important role in the preparation of future nurses, especially in the care of dying patients, which is one of the most emotionally engaging aspects. The objectives of the study were to describe the attitudes of students in end-of-life care and to analyze the possible relationship with some socio-demographic variables, through an observational study.

Methods: Preliminarily, an analysis of the educational context of the Nursing Course  of the University of Parma was started, through a comparison of the university course with the recommendations of the MIUR concerning the teaching and learning of Palliative Care and Pain Therapy.

Exploring Oceans for Curative Compounds: Potential New Antimicrobial and Anti-Virulence Molecules against .

Although several antibiotics are already widely used against a large number of pathogens, the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds with new mechanisms of action is critical today in order to overcome the spreading of antimicrobial resistance among pathogen bacteria. In this regard, marine organisms represent a potential source of a wide diversity of unique secondary metabolites produced as an adaptation strategy to survive in competitive and hostile environments. Among the multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, is undoubtedly one of the most important species due to its high intrinsic resistance to different classes of antibiotics on the market and its ability to cause serious therapeutic problems.

Incidental Gastric Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Synchronous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon: An Interesting Case Report and Literature Review.

Background/aim: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon disorder characterized by an abnormal monoclonal proliferation of pathologic Langerhans cells. The clinical presentation of LCH is very unpredictable, ranging from single-system limited disease to severe multi-organ disease with a high mortality rate. LCH usually affects children and very rarely adults.

Sebaceous Gland Ectopia of the Esophagus: A Challenging Clinical Diagnosis.

Background/aim: Sebaceous gland ectopia (SGE) defines the presence of normal sebaceous tissue in an unusual location. This condition is rare and was first described in ectodermal-derived organs, such as the oral cavities and palms, and later in endodermal-derived tissues including the esophagus. SGE of the esophagus is believed to represent a form of acquired metaplasia.

Novel Insights on Pyoverdine: From Biosynthesis to Biotechnological Application.

Pyoverdines (PVDs) are a class of siderophores produced mostly by members of the genus . Their primary function is to accumulate, mobilize, and transport iron necessary for cell metabolism. Moreover, PVDs also play a crucial role in microbes' survival by mediating biofilm formation and virulence.

Chemical complementarity between tumor resident, T-cell receptor CDR3s and MAGEA3/6 correlates with increased melanoma survival: Potential relevance to MAGE vaccine auto-reactivity.

Cancer testis antigens have been of interest as possible targets for cancer immunotherapies. To better understand the opportunities for the use of such immunotherapy targets, we used a chemical complementarity scoring algorithm and an original web tool to establish aspects of electrostatic complementarity of the CTAs, MAGEA3 and MAGEA6, with melanoma specimen resident, T-cell receptor (TCR) complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) amino acid sequences. Greater electrostatic complementarity between T-cell receptor CDR3 and tumor CTAs MAGEA3/6 was associated with a greater probability of overall survival, for both the cancer genome atlas and Moffitt Cancer Center samples; and was associated with high levels of T-cell cytotoxicity-related gene expression.

A Novel PHD2/VHL-mediated Regulation of YAP1 Contributes to VEGF Expression and Angiogenesis.

The transcriptional co-activator YAP1 is the major oncogenic component of the Hippo signaling pathway and contributes to the genesis and progression of various tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). YAP1 levels are regulated by the canonical Hippo kinases, MST1/2 and LATS1/2, which modulate its cytoplasmic retention and proteasomal degradation. While non-canonical regulation of YAP1 has been reported, its role in hypoxic response is not fully elucidated.