Characterizing mutation-treatment effects using clinico-genomics data of 78,287 patients with 20 types of cancers.

Evaluating the effectiveness of cancer treatments in relation to specific tumor mutations is essential for improving patient outcomes and advancing the field of precision medicine. Here we represent a comprehensive analysis of 78,287 U.S.

Selective embolisation of an idiopathic bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm presenting with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy: a case report.

Background: Bronchial artery pseudoaneurysms (BAP) or aneurysms (BAA) are rare, potentially life-threatening and remain poorly understood. They are most commonly idiopathic but may be associated with a number of other disease processes. Bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) is considered the first line treatment while surgical techniques are reserved for patients with a clear contraindication to embolisation or where anatomical factors preclude an endovascular approach.

MethOxyfluraNe in InTerventiOnal Radiology (MONITOR): A randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Procedural sedation and pain management in interventional radiology (IR) are of critical importance to successful outcomes but remain under-researched. Methoxyflurane has been previously used in some minor procedures with several advantages including rapid onset and offset and a good safety profile. The purpose of this study was to evaluate methoxyflurane for procedures in IR.

Staged treatment of placenta accreta spectrum: A combined surgical and radiological approach.

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a rare but serious complication of pregnancy.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine maternal and neonatal outcomes following a combined surgical and interventional radiology (IR) approach to managing PAS, and the risks associated with this technique.

Methods And Materials: Retrospective cohort study of all cases of PAS in a tertiary maternity centre between January 2001 and July 2020.

Penalized regression for left-truncated and right-censored survival data.

High-dimensional data are becoming increasingly common in the medical field as large volumes of patient information are collected and processed by high-throughput screening, electronic health records, and comprehensive genomic testing. Statistical models that attempt to study the effects of many predictors on survival typically implement feature selection or penalized methods to mitigate the undesirable consequences of overfitting. In some cases survival data are also left-truncated which can give rise to an immortal time bias, but penalized survival methods that adjust for left truncation are not commonly implemented.

Evaluating eligibility criteria of oncology trials using real-world data and AI.

There is a growing focus on making clinical trials more inclusive but the design of trial eligibility criteria remains challenging. Here we systematically evaluate the effect of different eligibility criteria on cancer trial populations and outcomes with real-world data using the computational framework of Trial Pathfinder. We apply Trial Pathfinder to emulate completed trials of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer using data from a nationwide database of electronic health records comprising 61,094 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Nuclear data for reactor production of Ba and Ba.

The newest radioisotope for brachytherapy treatment of prostate cancer is Cs (t = 9.69 d, 100% EC). Generated via electron capture decay of Ba (t = 11.

A reverse U/Th radionuclide generator for targeted alpha therapy applications.

Purpose: Thorium-226 (half-life 30.6 m) is a radionuclide of interest for use in targeted alpha therapy applications. Due to its short half-life, Th must be provided through a radionuclide generator system from its parent U (20.

Pb Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals for Image-guided Radionuclide Therapy for Cancer.

Receptor-targeted image-guided Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) is increasingly recognized as a promising approach to cancer treatment. In particular, the potential for clinical translation of receptor-targeted alpha-particle therapy is receiving considerable attention as an approach that can improve outcomes for cancer patients. Higher Linear-energy Transfer (LET) of alpha-particles (compared to beta particles) for this purpose results in an increased incidence of double-strand DNA breaks and improved-localized cancer-cell damage.

Using Electronic Health Records to Derive Control Arms for Early Phase Single-Arm Lung Cancer Trials: Proof-of-Concept in Randomized Controlled Trials.

Oncology drug development increasingly relies on single-arm clinical trials. External controls (ECs) derived from electronic health record (EHR) databases may provide additional context. Patients from a US-based oncology EHR database were aligned with patients from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and trial-specific eligibility criteria were applied to the EHR dataset.

Complexation of High-Valency Mid-Actinides by a Lipophilic Schiff Base Ligand: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Progress toward Selective Extraction.

Separation of U, Np, and Pu from used nuclear fuel (UNF) would result in lower long-term radiotoxicity, alleviating constraints on the storage and handling of the material. The complexity of UNF requires several industrial-scale processes with multiple waste streams. A one-step solution to the group removal of the elements, U-Pu, is desirable.

Multifunctional GdVO:Eu core-shell nanoparticles containing Ac for targeted alpha therapy and molecular imaging.

Gadolinium vanadate nanoparticles (NPs) doped with europium, in concentrations between 5-40%, were synthesized via an aqueous route to prove their multimodal imaging functionalities and their performance as radionuclide carriers for targeted alpha therapy. Core-shell GdEuVO NPs were doped with the α-emitting actinium-225 to assess the in vitro retention of Ac and its decay daughters; francium-221 and bismuth-213. GdEuVO core-shell NPs were obtained using a precipitation synthesis route having a tetragonal system, a spherical morphology, and a uniform particle size distribution.

Separation of Protactinium Employing Sulfur-Based Extraction Chromatographic Resins.

Protactinium-230 ( t = 17.4 d) is the parent isotope of U ( t = 20.8 d), a radionuclide of interest for targeted alpha therapy (TAT).

Idiopathic scrotal fat necrosis: an unusual cause of scrotal pain.

The clinical differential diagnosis of scrotal pain with a mass in a prepubertal boy is difficult. Often conditions such as testicular torsion and epididymo-orchitis are diagnosed. We present a rare cause of scrotal pain, idiopathic scrotal fat necrosis.

Synthesis and radiometric evaluation of diglycolamide functionalized mesoporous silica for the chromatographic separation of actinides Th, Pa and U.

The separation of Th, Pa, and U is of high importance in many applications including nuclear power, nuclear waste, environmental and geochemistry, nuclear forensics and nuclear medicine. Diglycolamide (DGA)-based resins have shown the ability to separate many elements, however, these resins consist of non-covalent impregnation of the DGA molecules on the resin backbone resulting in co-elution of the extraction molecule during separation cycles, therefore limiting their long-term and repeated use. Covalently binding the DGA molecules onto silica is one way to overcome this issue.

Separation of 103Ru from a proton irradiated thorium matrix: A potential source of Auger therapy radionuclide 103mRh.

Ruthenium-103 is the parent isotope of 103mRh (t1/2 56.1 min), an isotope of interest for Auger electron therapy. During the proton irradiation of thorium targets, large amounts of 103Ru are generated through proton induced fission.

Chromatographic separation of the theranostic radionuclide Ag from a proton irradiated thorium matrix.

Column chromatographic methods have been developed to separate no-carrier-added Ag from proton irradiated thorium targets and associated fission products as an ancillary process to an existing Ac separation design. Herein we report the separation of Ag both prior and subsequent to Ac recovery using CL resin, a solvent impregnated resin (SIR) that carries an organic solution of alkyl phosphine sulfides (RP = S) and alkyl phosphine oxides (RP = O). The recovery yield of Ag was 93 ± 9% with a radiochemical purity of 99.

The application of visible absorption spectroscopy to the analysis of uranium in aqueous solutions.

Through assay analysis into an excess of 1M HSO at fixed temperature a technique has been developed for uranium concentration analysis by visible absorption spectroscopy over an assay concentration range of 1.8-13.4mgU/g.