RNAscope Multiplex FISH Signal Assessment in FFPE and Fresh Frozen Tissues: The Effect of Archival Duration on RNA Expression.

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET), which is the most widely used pathology archive, usually has low-quality DNA and RNA due to extensive nucleic acid crosslinking. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) has been increasingly utilized in research and clinical settings to diagnose disease pathology. In this study, the effect of RNA degradation over archival time on RNA-FISH signals in FFPET and fresh frozen tissue (FFT) was systematically assessed.

Improving Access to Early Developmental Evaluation in Academic Primary Care Centers.

Introduction: Developmental disorders (DDs) affect approximately 1 in 6 children in the United States. Early identification and treatment improve developmental outcomes and child and family functioning. Disparities exist in the diagnosis of DD that leads to inequitable access to developmental services during important periods of neuroplasticity.

Favipiravir pharmacokinetics in Thai adults with mild COVID-19: A sub-study of interpatient variability and ethnic differences in exposure.

This sub-study sought to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of favipiravir (FPV) within Thai adults and quantitatively assess differences in exposure to those previously reported in other populations as a basis to understand putative differences in efficacy between studies conducted in different regions. It was nested within a prospective trial of adults with symptomatic COVID-19 infection without pneumonia receiving 1800 mg FPV twice-daily on day 1 and 800 mg twice-daily thereafter. Individual PK profiles were fitted with a one-compartment disposition model (first-order absorption).

Racial, Ethnic, and Language Inequities in Ambulatory Pediatrics Patient Family Experience.

Objective: To determine the association of patient race, patient-provider racial congruence, patient ethnicity, and family primary language with patient family experience (PFE) survey responses.

Methods: Cross-sectional review of PFE survey responses from all ambulatory medical encounters at a large, urban children's hospital system June 1, 2020-May 31, 2022. Exposures were patient race, patient-provider racial congruence, patient ethnicity, and family primary language.

"Racism Happens Every Day, All the Time": Black Families' Outpatient Experiences of Racism Across a Large Pediatric System.

Objective: To qualitatively understand and characterize the experience of racism in outpatient pediatric healthcare settings from the perspectives of Black families.

Methods: We conducted focus groups with parents or guardians of Black children, recruited from academic primary care offices at a single pediatric institution. Focus groups were facilitated virtually by Black team members using an open-ended, semi-structured focus group guide.

The Impact of Structural Racism on Continuity of Care at Pediatric Academic Primary Care Clinics.

Objective: Using a structural racism framework, we assessed racial inequities in continuity of care, using the Usual Provider Continuity Index (UPC - the proportion of visits with the provider the patient saw most frequently out of all visits), in a set of large pediatric academic clinics.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Patients 12-24 months seen at three pediatric academic primary care clinics for any visit during October 1-31, 2021 were included.

Early Correlates of School Readiness Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Linking Health and School Data.

Importance: Many known correlates of kindergarten readiness are captured in developmental and social screenings in primary care; little is known about how primary care data predicts school readiness.

Objective: To identify early Kindergarten Readiness Assessment (KRA) correlates by linking electronic health record (EHR) data with school district KRA data and to examine potential outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic using KRA scores between 2018 and 2021.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a retrospective cohort study linking a large primary care practice (PCP) with school assessment data.

Beliefs and Motivations Regarding Early Shared Reading of Parents From Low-Income Households: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: Parent-child "shared" reading is a catalyst for development of language and other emergent literacy skills. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that parents initiate shared reading as soon as possible after birth. Persistent disparities exist in reading resources, routines, and subsequent literacy outcomes, disproportionately impacting low-income households.

Excellent Recanalization and Small Core Volumes Are Associated With Favorable AM-PAC Score in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Secondary to Large Vessel Occlusion.

Objective: To assess pretreatment and interventional parameters as predictors of favorable Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC) scores for optimal discharge planning.

Design: In this prospectively collected, retrospectively reviewed multicenter study from 9/1/2017 to 9/22/2022, patients were dichotomized into favorable and unfavorable AM-PAC. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operator characteristics analyses were performed for the identified significant variables.

RAPID aneurysm accurately measures aneurysm size on CT angiography compared to three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography.

Background: Cerebral aneurysms are often identified and characterized on non-invasive CT Angiography (CTA) images, but digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for aneurysm evaluation.

Objective: We compared cerebral aneurysm size measurements as measured from CTA processed by a semi-automated artificial intelligence software program (RAPID Aneurysm) and three-dimensional rotational DSA (3D-DSA).

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with a cerebral aneurysm who underwent CTA and DSA with 3D reformations.

Redefining CT perfusion-based ischemic core estimates for the ghost core in early time window stroke.

Background And Purpose: In large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke patients, relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF)<30% volume thresholds are commonly used in treatment decisions. In the early time window, nearly infarcted but salvageable tissue volumes may lead to pretreatment overestimates of infarct volume, and thus potentially exclude patients who may otherwise benefit from intervention. Our multisite analysis aims to explore the strength of relationships between widely used pretreatment CT parameters and clinical outcomes for early window stroke patients.

A Comparative Study of Two Topical Treatments for Photoaging of the Hands.

Background: Multiple effective treatments exist for correction of skin photoaging. Topical L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), a well-known antioxidant and topical human platelet extract (HPE), is a novel off-the-shelf cosmetic ingredient that has shown positive results in recent clinical studies. HPE is a leukocyte-depleted allogeneic product derived from United States-sourced, pooled, apheresed platelets produced with consistent batch quality, purity, and effect.

Effect of Topical Platelet Extract Daily Serum as a Cosmetic Product to Reduce Facial Redness.

Objective: The primary objective of this pilot study was to demonstrate the benefits of topical human platelet extract (plated)™ serum for the improvement of persistent facial redness.

Methods: This single-center, open-label pilot study evaluated six subjects using (plated)™ serum containing human platelet extract (HPE) with Renewosome™ technology twice daily for six weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was a reduction in the Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) grade, and a reduction in Patient Subjective Assessment grade at six weeks.

A narrative review of clinic-community food provision interventions aimed at improving diabetes outcomes among food-insecure adults: examining the role of nutrition education.

Background: Food provision interventions (eg, produce/food prescriptions, food pharmacies, food voucher programs) that bridge clinic and community settings for improved nutritional health outcomes of at-risk patients have gained momentum. Little is known about the role of nutrition education and potential augmented impact on patient outcomes.

Objective: To describe intervention designs and outcomes of direct food provision clinic-community programs aimed at improving diabetes-related outcomes (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] levels) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) or prediabetes and food insecurity, and to compare nutrition education components across interventions.

Childhood cancer incidence & survival in Aotearoa, New Zealand 2010-2019.

Objective: To provide updated estimates of childhood cancer incidence and survival in Aotearoa, New Zealand.

Method: Registrations for children under the age of 15 years diagnosed with cancer between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the New Zealand Children's Cancer Registry. Cases were stratified by age, sex, prioritised ethnicity (Māori, Pacific peoples, and non-Māori) and cancer type.

Using Quality Improvement to Design Early Childhood Services Navigation in Primary Care.

Unlabelled: Enrollment in high-quality early childhood education (ECE) improves educational and health outcomes and can mitigate racial and economic disparities. Pediatricians are encouraged to promote ECE yet lack the time and knowledge to assist families effectively. In 2016, our academic primary care center hired an ECE Navigator to promote ECE and help families enroll.

Safety and efficacy of human platelet extract in skin recovery after fractional CO laser resurfacing of the face: A randomized, controlled, evaluator-blinded pilot study.

Background: Fractional carbon dioxide (CO ) laser resurfacing is used successfully for facial rejuvenation. Post procedure skincare is a variable that influences downtime caused by pain/tenderness, erythema, crusting, and bruising.

Aims: The primary objective of this pilot study was to demonstrate the benefits of human platelet extract (HPE) (plated)™ CALM Serum, a new topical cosmetic product, following fractionated CO ablative laser resurfacing treatment to the entire face versus standard of care.

STEP IN: Supporting Together Exercise and Play and Improving Nutrition; a Feasibility Study of Parent-Led Group Sessions and Fitness Trackers to Improve Family Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors in a Low-Income, Predominantly Black Population.

Background: Pediatric obesity is prevalent and challenging to treat. Although family-centered behavioral management is the gold standard, many families face structural inequities to its access and efficacy. Identifying ways to manage pediatric obesity within primary care is needed.

Cerebral Blood Flow Based Computer Modeling of G-Induced Effects.

There is continued interest in acceleration (G) effects in civil aviation, as G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC), impaired consciousness, and visual effects play a role in aerobatic, agricultural, and military aviation accidents. A software model [the Civil Aerospace Medical Institute G-Effects Model (CGEM)] based on physical and physiological variables related to in-flight tissue resupply and using oxygen flow as a proxy for supply availability, was developed to evaluate risk of G-LOC and related phenomena in aeronauts. Aeronauts were modeled using several parameters, including sex, cardiovascular fitness, and other common modifiers such as G-suits, positive pressure breathing gear, anti-G straining, and other muscle tensing.

Characteristics of patients with hematologic malignancies without seroconversion post-COVID-19 third vaccine dosing.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to explore the characteristics of the subset of patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) who had little to no change in SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody index value levels after a third mRNA vaccine dose (3V) and to compare the cohort of patients who did and did not seroconvert post-3V to get a better understanding of the demographics and potential drivers of serostatus.

Study Design: This retrospective cohort study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody index values pre and post the 3V data on 625 patients diagnosed with HM across a large Midwestern United States healthcare system between 31 October 2019 and 31 January 2022.

Methods: To assess the association between individual characteristics and seroconversion status, patients were placed into two groups based on IgG antibody status pre and post the 3V dose, (-/+) and (-/-).

Case Report: Reemerging Paragonimiasis in Umphang District, Thailand.

Paragonimiasis is a food-born zoonotic parasitosis caused by Paragonimus spp. Six cases of reemerging paragonimiasis within the Karan hill-tribe near the Thai-Myanmar border were evaluated to review clinical manifestations, predisposing factors, and treatment regimens. All patients tested positive for paragonimiasis eggs and presented with an array of symptoms, including chronic cough, hemoptysis, peripheral eosinophilia, and thoracic radiograph abnormalities.