Publications by authors named "Cooper J Galvin"
Article Synopsis
- DNA gyrase, a vital protein in all bacteria, is crucial for antibiotics targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and functions by adding supercoils to DNA using an ATP-hydrolyzing process.
- This study utilizes single-molecule rotor bead tracking (RBT) to compare the supercoiling dynamics of gyrase from MTB and Escherichia coli (EC), revealing that both are processive but MTB gyrase operates at about 5.5 times slower velocity than EC gyrase.
- The findings indicate that while there are shared features in the conformational states of both gyrases, MTB gyrase shows a stronger tendency to adopt an intermediate state when interacting with DNA, highlighting potential differences in their cellular
Accelerating the global response against the exponentially growing COVID-19 outbreak through decent data sharing.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
October 2021
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading disease that has led to an urgent need for fast and effective data collection and analysis globally.
- To tackle the pandemic, individuals and governments must make tough decisions at local, national, and international levels.
- These decision-making processes are increasingly supported by predictive models using Analytical and Artificial Intelligence to inform strategies.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the impact of virtual reality (VR) on the quality of life, happiness, and physical fitness in older adults, addressing concerns related to aging.
- Sixty participants were divided into two groups; one experienced VR sessions for 6 weeks, while the control group did not.
- Results showed that the VR group reported improved quality of life and happiness, along with better performance in certain physical fitness tests compared to the control group.
Article Synopsis
- - Most communicable diseases spread through contact, air, or droplets.
- - In response to COVID-19, the Taiwan government enforced measures like mask-wearing, using sanitizer, and social distancing.
- - These public health strategies not only helped control COVID-19 but also likely reduced the spread of other infectious diseases.
Statins have been shown to be a beneficial treatment as chemotherapy and target therapy for lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of statins in combination with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for the resistance and mortality of lung cancer patients. A population-based cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan Cancer Registry database.
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- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed medications for treating acid-related gastrointestinal disorders, but their use may increase the risk of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with inconsistent results from various studies.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis included 11 observational studies, revealing that current and recent PPI users had a higher odds ratio for developing CAP compared to non-users, particularly with significant findings for both high and low doses of PPIs.
- The analysis indicated a notable association between PPI use and hospitalization rates due to CAP, highlighting the need for more rigorous randomized controlled trials to better understand this potential risk.
Use of mobile applications to improve nutrition behaviour: A systematic review.
Rathi Paramastri Satwika Arya Pratama Dang Khanh Ngan Ho Sintha Dewi Purnamasari Afrah Zaki Mohammed Cooper J Galvin
Comput Methods Programs Biomed
August 2020
Article Synopsis
- Mobile applications can enhance dietary intake assessment, physical activity tracking, and nutrition education, aiming to improve nutrition behaviors.
- A systematic review analyzed original articles from 2010 to 2018 that included mobile devices for dietary and weight management interventions, resulting in the inclusion of six studies with low to moderate bias.
- The review found that while larger randomized control trials showed significant improvements in nutritional health outcomes, some smaller studies did not demonstrate substantial benefits, emphasizing the mixed effectiveness of these mobile health interventions.
Article Synopsis
- - Diabetes is a major global health issue, particularly in developing countries, where 25% of patients may develop foot ulcers that can lead to amputations and increased economic burdens.
- - A study in Peru estimated the costs associated with diabetic foot care in 2012, comparing sub-optimal care, standard care, and standard care plus daily foot temperature monitoring using a decision tree model.
- - Results showed that standard care could save lives and reduce costs compared to sub-optimal care, while adding temperature monitoring, although more expensive, could further avert additional deaths and may still be cost-effective.
Article Synopsis
- - The text discusses the use of heuristic methods alongside quantum chemical techniques to model complex chemical systems, like those found in cell metabolism and prebiotic chemistry.
- - The proposed methodology allows for efficient navigation of intricate chemical reaction networks and helps optimize the structures and energies of key reaction intermediates and products.
- - When applied to the formose reaction, this approach successfully replicates the expected experimental outcomes, including reaction products, pathways, and autocatalytic cycles.
Article Synopsis
- The growing reliance on intermittent renewable energy sources like solar and wind highlights the need for efficient energy storage solutions, as traditional batteries struggle with long-term discharge.
- Flow batteries present a promising alternative due to their ability to independently scale power and energy, but their adoption is hindered by costs and material availability, particularly with metal-based systems.
- A new type of flow battery using the organic molecule 9,10-anthraquinone-2,7-disulphonic acid (AQDS) has shown potential for high power density and excellent cycling stability, offering a more cost-effective and tunable energy storage option.