Considerations when planning and conducting large global observational studies: Experience from the DISCOVER study of patients with type 2 diabetes.

DISCOVER is a global programme of observational research that includes patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy from 38 countries worldwide, including many with little or no previous epidemiological data available. More than 15,000 patients were followed-up for 3 years, and comprehensive data were collected using a standardized electronic case report form at enrolment, and 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. The study has formed the basis for a long-term registry that is intended to expand the geographic and clinical scope of the study and allow data collection beyond 3 years.

Chromosomal, gestational, and neonatal outcomes of embryos classified as a mosaic by preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy.

Objective: To understand the clinical risks associated with the transfer of embryos classified as a mosaic using preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy.

Design: Analysis of data collected between 2017 and 2023.

Setting: Multicenter.

Targeted metagenomics using bait-capture to detect antibiotic resistance genes in retail meat and seafood.

Metagenomics analysis of foods has the potential to provide comprehensive data on the presence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in the microbiome of foods. However, AMR genes are generally present in low abundance compared to other bacterial genes in the food microbiome and consequently require multiple rounds of in-depth sequencing for detection. Here, a metagenomics approach, using bait-capture probes targeting antimicrobial resistance and plasmid genes, is used to characterize the resistome and plasmidome of retail beef, chicken, oyster, shrimp, and veal enrichment cultures ( = 15).

Danish Linguistic Validation and Cultural Adaptation of the LIMB-Q Kids.

(1) Background: Lower Limb deformities include many conditions where pain and physical limitations negatively impact the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of children. The ideal way to assess this impact is by using a Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM). Such a condition-specific PROM is under development, called LIMB-Q Kids.

Carbapenem-Resistant spp Infection in Critically Ill Patients With Limited Treatment Options: A Descriptive Study of Cefiderocol Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant infections are difficult to treat and are a significant public health threat due to intrinsic/acquired resistance and limited treatment options.

Methods: A retrospective, observational cohort study in patients receiving cefiderocol via Shionogi's early access program for spp infections (1 April 2020-30 April 2021; 27 sites; Italy, Spain, Germany, France). Primary outcome was clinical success, defined as clinical resolution of infection at day 14 or day 28 survival.

Neuropeptide Y-expressing dorsal horn inhibitory interneurons gate spinal pain and itch signalling.

Somatosensory information is processed by a complex network of interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn. It has been reported that inhibitory interneurons that express neuropeptide Y (NPY), either permanently or during development, suppress mechanical itch, with no effect on pain. Here, we investigate the role of interneurons that continue to express NPY (NPY-INs) in the adult mouse spinal cord.

Genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic knee joint pain: a real-world cohort study with evaluation of prognostic factors.

Background: Genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GNRFA) is an effective treatment for chronic knee pain. However, there has been minimal investigation of real-world, long-term outcomes and factors that predict treatment success after GNRFA.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of GNRFA for chronic knee pain in a real-world population and identify predictive factors.

Links between parent-child conversations about emotions and changes in children's emotion knowledge across early childhood.

This study examined different sources of emotion socialization. Children (N = 256, 115 girls, 129 boys, 12 child gender not reported) and parents (62% White, 9% Black, 19% Hispanic, 3% Asian American, and 7% "Other") were recruited from Denver, Colorado. In waves 1 (M  = 2.

Cross-continental evaluation of landscape-scale drivers and their impacts to fluvial fishes: Understanding frequency and severity to improve fish conservation in Europe and the United States.

Fluvial fishes are threatened globally from intensive human landscape stressors degrading aquatic ecosystems. However, impacts vary regionally, as stressors and natural environmental factors differ between ecoregions and continents. To date, a comparison of fish responses to landscape stressors over continents is lacking, limiting understanding of consistency of impacts and hampering efficiencies in conserving fishes over large regions.

TIGIT is a key inhibitory checkpoint receptor in lymphoma.

Background: PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy (CBT) has greatly benefited patients with select solid tumors and lymphomas but has limited efficacy against diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Because numerous inhibitory checkpoint receptors have been implicated in driving tumor-specific T cell dysfunction, we hypothesized that combinatorial CBT would enhance the activity of anti-PD-1-based therapy in DLBCL. T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) is a coinhibitory receptor expressed on dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating T cells, and TIGIT blockade has demonstrated encouraging activity in combination with PD-1 blockade in murine tumor models and in clinical studies.

Anticoagulation in emergency general surgery: Who bleeds more? The EAST multicenter trials ACES study.

Background: While direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use is increasing in the Emergency General Surgery (EGS) patient population, our understanding of their bleeding risk in the acute setting remains limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of perioperative bleeding complications in patients using DOACs versus warfarin and AP therapy requiring urgent/emergent EGS procedures (EGSPs).

Methods: This was a prospective observational trial, conducted between 2019 and 2022, across 21 centers.

Continuous chiral distances for two-dimensional lattices.

Chirality was traditionally considered a binary property of periodic lattices and crystals. However, the classes of two-dimensional lattices modulo rigid motion form a continuous space, which was recently parametrized by three geographic-style coordinates. The four non-oblique Bravais classes of two-dimensional lattices form low-dimensional singular subspaces in the full continuous space.

Quantum Dot-Doped Electrospun Polymer Fibers for Explosive Vapor Sensors.

This research seeks to support reconnaissance efforts against homemade explosives (HMEs) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs), which are leading causes of combat casualties in recent conflicts. The successful deployment of a passive sensor to be developed for first responders and military must take expense, training requirements, and physical burden all into consideration. By harnessing the size-dependent luminescence of quantum dots (QDs) being electrospun into polymer fibers, the authors of this work hope to progress toward the development of lightweight, multivariable, inexpensive, easy to use and interpret, field-applicable sensors capable of detecting explosive vapors.

Ablation of is associated with fragmentation and alterations in metabolism in murine and human myotubes.

The Sorting and Assembly Machinery (SAM) Complex is responsible for assembling β-barrel proteins in the mitochondrial membrane. Comprising three subunits, Sam35, Sam37, and Sam50, the SAM complex connects the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes by interacting with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. Sam50, in particular, stabilizes the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex, which is crucial for protein transport, respiratory chain complex assembly, and regulation of cristae integrity.

Primary care delivery of behavioral weight loss services for adults with cardiovascular risk factors: development of pragmatic implementation strategies and results of a randomized feasibility trial.

Background: Intensive lifestyle interventions (ILI) improve weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors, but health systems face challenges implementing them. We engaged stakeholders to cocreate and evaluate feasibility of primary care implementation strategies and of a pragmatic randomization procedure to be used for a future effectiveness trial.

Methods: The study setting was a single, urban primary care office.