Ligand-Directed Actinide Oxo-Bond Manipulation in Actinyl Thiacalix[4]arene Complexes.

Understanding the chemistry of the inert actinide oxo bond in actinyl ions AnO22+ is important for controlling actinide behavior in the environment, during separations, and in nuclear waste (An = U, Np, Pu). The thioether calixarene TC4A (4-tert-butyltetrathiacalix[4]arene) binds equatorially to [AnO2]n+ (An = U, Np) forming a conical pocket that differentiates the two trans-oxo groups. The 'ate' complexes, [A]2[UO2(TC4A)] (A = [Li(DME)2], HNEt3) and [HNEt3]2[NpO2(TC4A)], enable selective oxo chemistry.

Functional Regrowth of Norepinephrine Axons in the Adult Mouse Brain Following Injury.

It is widely believed that axons in the central nervous system of adult mammals do not regrow following injury. This failure is thought, at least in part, to underlie the limited recovery of function following injury to the brain or spinal cord. Some studies of fixed tissue have suggested that, counter to dogma, norepinephrine (NE) axons regrow following brain injury.

Advances in Drug Treatments for Companion Animal Obesity.

Companion animal obesity has emerged as a significant veterinary health concern globally, with escalating rates posing challenges for preventive and therapeutic interventions. Obesity not only leads to immediate health problems but also contributes to various comorbidities affecting animal well-being and longevity, with consequent emotional and financial burdens on owners. While past treatment strategies have shown limited success, recent breakthroughs in human medicine present new opportunities for addressing this complex issue in companion animals.

Salvage surgery for recurrent or residual hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review.

Background: This systematic review aggregates the data of studies that include site-specific analyses of patients undergoing salvage surgery for residual or recurrent hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: The primary outcomes are disease-free, disease-specific, and overall survival (DFS, DSS, and OS, respectively). Secondary outcomes include complications and postoperative feeding requirements.

Healthcare Provider Perceptions of the Use of Medical Interpretation in Primary Care.

Objectives: Sixty-three percent of Latinos/as/x in Alabama, speak English "not well" or "not at all." Effective provider-patient communication is the foundation of successful clinical interactions. Medical interpretation is important to the healthcare provision for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP).

Timing of radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP): long-term outcomes in the RADICALS-RT trial (NCT00541047).

Background: The optimal timing of radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer has been uncertain. RADICALS-RT compared efficacy and safety of adjuvant RT versus an observation policy with salvage RT for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure.

Patients And Methods: RADICALS-RT was a randomised controlled trial enrolling patients with ≥1 risk factor (pT3/4, Gleason 7-10, positive margins, preoperative PSA≥10 ng/ml) for recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Exploring community insights on antimicrobial resistance in Nepal: a formative qualitative study.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the process by which microbes evolve mechanisms to survive the medicines designed to destroy them i.e. antimicrobials (AMs).

Role for Nongenomic Estrogen Signaling in Male Fertility.

Estrogen actions are mediated by both nuclear (n) and membrane (m) localized estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1). Male Esr1 knockout (Esr1KO) mice lacking functional Esr1 are infertile, with reproductive tract abnormalities. Male mice expressing nESR1 but lacking mESR1 (nuclear-only estrogen receptor 1 mice) are progressively infertile due to testicular, rete testis, and efferent ductule abnormalities similar to Esr1KO males, indicating a role for mESR1 in male reproduction.

Targeting estrogen signaling and biosynthesis for aged skin repair.

Non-healing skin wounds are disproportionally prevalent in older adults. Current treatments do not account for the particularities of aged skin and result in inadequate outcomes. Overall, healing chronic wounds in the elderly remains a major unmet clinical need.

Addressing antimicrobial resistance through community engagement: a framework for developing contextually relevant and impactful behaviour change interventions.

Background: Community engagement (CE) interventions often explore and promote behaviour change around a specific challenge. Suggestions for behaviour change should be co-produced in partnership with the community. To facilitate this, it is essential that the intervention includes key content that unpacks the challenge of interest via multiple sources of knowledge.

Co-designing community-based interventions to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR): what to include and why.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a social and biological problem. Although resistance to antimicrobials is a natural phenomenon, many human behaviors are increasing the pressure on microbes to develop resistance which is resulting in many commonly used treatments becoming ineffective. These behaviors include unregulated use of antimicrobial medicines, pesticides and agricultural chemicals, the disposal of heavy metals and other pollutants into the environment, and human-induced climatic change.

Practitioner Review: Effectiveness and mechanisms of change in participatory arts-based programmes for promoting youth mental health and well-being - a systematic review.

Background: Participatory arts-based (PAB) programmes refer to a diverse range of community programmes involving active engagement in the creation process that appear helpful to several aspects of children's and young people's (CYP) mental health and well-being. This mixed-methods systematic review synthesises evidence relating to the effectiveness and mechanisms of change in PAB programmes for youth.

Method: Studies were identified following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach.

Developments and further applications of ephemeral data derived potentials.

Machine-learned interatomic potentials are fast becoming an indispensable tool in computational materials science. One approach is the ephemeral data-derived potential (EDDP), which was designed to accelerate atomistic structure prediction. The EDDP is simple and cost-efficient.

Uterine-specific deletion enhances stromal cell senescence and impairs placentation, resulting in pregnancy loss.

Maternal uterine remodeling facilitates embryo implantation, stromal cell decidualization and placentation, and perturbation of these processes may cause pregnancy loss. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a histone methyltransferase that epigenetically represses gene transcription; loss of uterine EZH2 affects endometrial physiology and induces infertility. We utilized a uterine conditional knockout (cKO) mouse to determine EZH2's role in pregnancy progression.

Exploring the potential for children to act on antimicrobial resistance in Nepal: Valuable insights from secondary analysis of qualitative data.

This study explores the perceived roles of children in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in two sites across Nepal. AMR is a global challenge and underpinned by many complex behavioural drivers including how antimicrobial medicines are sourced and used. Because of this social dynamic, several research groups are using community engagement (CE) approaches to understand AMR at community level.

Women are Not at Higher Risk for Reintervention or Major Amputation after Lower Extremity Atherectomy for Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background: Our objective was to compare short-term and long-term differences in reintervention-free and major amputation-free survival between female and male patients undergoing lower extremity atherectomy for peripheral artery disease.

Methods: We analyzed lower extremity atherectomy procedures performed on 294 patients between January 2014 and September 2019. Reintervention was defined as either open bypass or endovascular procedure to the same region following the index operation.

Developing a blended learning postgraduate teaching programme in anaesthesia: pandemic and beyond.

One of the many challenges facing doctors in training during the COVID-19 pandemic was a significant reduction in postgraduate medical education in the form of formal teaching. Consequently, we sought to provide a blended and asynchronous teaching programme that would be delivered to anaesthetic trainees preparing for their postgraduate examinations. Six sessions of 90-minute duration were delivered during the months July, August and September 2020.

Total ankle replacement versus ankle arthrodesis for patients aged 50-85 years with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis: the TARVA RCT.

Background: We aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and complication rates of total ankle replacement with those of arthrodesis (i.e. ankle fusion) in the treatment of end-stage ankle osteoarthritis.

Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal insights into catkin bloom patterns in pecan protogynous and protandrous cultivars.

In perennial plants such as pecan, once reproductive maturity is attained, there are genetic switches that are regulated and required for flower development year after year. Pecan trees are heterodichogamous with both pistillate and staminate flowers produced on the same tree. Therefore, defining genes exclusively responsible for pistillate inflorescence and staminate inflorescence (catkin) initiation is challenging at best.

Functions of Steroid Hormones in the Male Reproductive Tract as Revealed by Mouse Models.

Steroid hormones are capable of diffusing through cell membranes to bind with intracellular receptors to regulate numerous physiological processes. Three classes of steroid hormones, namely androgens, estrogens and glucocorticoids, contribute to the development of the reproductive system and the maintenance of fertility. During the past 30 years, mouse models have been produced in which the expression of genes encoding steroid hormone receptors has been enhanced, partially compromised or eliminated.