Pathophysiology and Prevention of Ventriculostomy-Related Infections: A Review.

This qualitative review aims to summarize current knowledge on ventriculostomy-related infection (VRI) pathophysiology and its prevention. VRI generally occurs at day 10, mainly because of Gram-positive cocci, after a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Skin microbiota and biofilm seem to play a major role in VRI pathogenesis.

Interpretation services used for non-English language speaking patients with head and neck cancer: Findings from a tertiary London cancer centre.

Background: Treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC) can lead to profound changes in swallowing function and nutrition. UK HNC standards recommend informational counselling is provided pre-treatment by the dietitian and speech and language therapist (SLT). Non-english speaking patients treated in English speaking countries have poorer treatment outcomes.

"Wanna cry this out real quick?": an examination of secondary traumatic stress risk and resilience among post-overdose outreach staff in Massachusetts.

Background: Post-overdose outreach programs engage overdose survivors and their families soon after an overdose event. Staff implementing these programs are routinely exposed to others' trauma, which makes them vulnerable to secondary traumatic stress (STS) and compassion fatigue. The purpose of this study was to explore experiences of STS and associated upstream and downstream risk and protective factors among program staff.

Mortality Trend of Severe COVID-19 in Under-Vaccinated Population Admitted to ICU in French Amazonia.

(1) Background: Until December 2021, French Guiana (FG), located in South America, faced four consecutive COVID-19 epidemic waves. This study sought to analyze the mortality trend of severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the referral ICU of FG. (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, and non-interventional study in ICU at Cayenne Hospital.

Emotional symptoms and inflammatory biomarkers in childhood: Associations in two Australian birth cohorts.

Background: An increasing body of evidence supports associations between inflammation and mental health difficulties, but the onset and directionality of these relationships are unclear.

Methods: Data sources: Barwon Infant Study (BIS; n = 500 4-year-olds) and Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC; n = 1099 10-13-year-olds).

Measures: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire emotional symptoms at 4, 10-11 and 12-13 years, and circulating levels of two inflammatory biomarkers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), at 4 and 11-12 years.

Development of online cancer resources to support pre-registration nurses and allied health professionals.

Cancer rates are increasing, and more people are living with cancer and its consequences. Healthcare students will be caring for people affected by cancer in all clinical contexts. However, pre-registration programmes can include limited cancer education and not all students will have the opportunity for a clinical placement in a cancer setting.

Student nurses as a future general practice nursing workforce. Implementing collaborative learning in practice: implications for placement learning and patient access. A mixed methods study.

Background: There is a global shortage of nurses, with particularly acute shortfall in General Practice Nursing in the United Kingdom estimated at as high as 50% vacancy rate by 2031 by some sources. There has previously been reluctance for General Practices to host student nurses on placement, but it has become imperative to increase placement capacity if practices are to be able to recruit a future workforce. Collaborative Learning in Practice is a means of organising placement learning for student nurses using a coaching model, that allows for leadership development, peer support and earlier engagement in patient care, and increases placement capacity.

Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and its interaction with the metabolome in metabolic associated fatty liver disease: Gut microbiome signatures, correlation networks, and effect of PNPLA3 genotype.

Interactions between communities of the gut microbiome and with the host could affect the onset and progression of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and can be useful as new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In this study, we performed a multi-omics approach to unravel gut microbiome signatures from 32 biopsy-proven patients (10 simple steatosis -SS- and 22 steatohepatitis -SH-) and 19 healthy volunteers (HV). Human and microbial transcripts were differentially identified between groups (MAFLD vs.

Medicaid coverage practices for approved gene and cell therapies: Existing barriers and proposed policy solutions.

The current Medicaid system is ill equipped to handle the anticipated approvals of new gene and cell therapy products. These advanced therapies tend to be single-dose, potentially durable options for a variety of indications spanning oncology, rare disease, and more. The up-front cost of these therapies contrasts with chronic care treatment, which may incur cost over the life of a patient.

Development of cardiac risk prediction model in patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer on trastuzumab therapy.

Background: 25% of all breast cancer patients have HER-2 overexpression. Breast Cancer patients with HER-2 overexpression are typically treated with HER-2 inhibitors such as Trastuzumab. Trastuzumab is known to cause a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction.

Association of Organizational Pathways With the Delay of Emergency Surgery.

Importance: Delayed admission of patients with surgical emergencies to the operating room occurs frequently and is associated with poor outcomes. In France, where 3 distinct organizational pathways in hospitals exist (a dedicated emergency operating room and team [DET], a dedicated operating room in a central operating theater [DOR], and no dedicated structure or team [NOR]), neither the incidence nor the influence of delayed urgent surgery is known, and no guidelines are available to date.

Objective: To examine the overall frequency of delayed admission of patients with surgical emergencies to the operating room across the 3 organizational pathways in hospitals in France.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Community-Acquired Urine Bacterial Isolates in French Amazonia.

Bacterial resistance in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. Our study aimed to assess the microbiological epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired urine bacterial isolates in French Amazonia. Our study is retrospective.

Greetings from your predatory journal! What they are, why they are a problem, how to spot and avoid them.

Predatory publishers, also known as counterfeit, deceptive, or fraudulent, are organisations that exploit the open-access scholarly model by charging hefty article processing charges (APCs), often without the scientific rigour and ethical processes offered by legitimate journals. Their rising prevalence is of concern to the scientific community, as the consequences of falling victim to them can negatively impact academic integrity and reputation, and render an author's work worthless and untrustworthy. Common characteristics include inappropriate marketing and misrepresentation of services by targeting individuals with solicitation emails, inadequate peer-review processes, lack of editorial services and transparency about APCs, and false claims about citation metrics and indexing that cannot be verified.

Impact of Antibiotic Consumption on the Acquisition of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Carriage during the COVID-19 Crisis in French Guiana.

(1) Background: During the COVID-19 outbreak, several studies showed an increased prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL-PE) carriage in intensive care units (ICUs). Our objective was to assess the impact of antibiotic prescriptions on the acquisition of ESBL-PE in ICUs during the COVID-19 crisis. (2) Methods: We conducted an observational study between 1 April 2020, and 31 December 2021, in the medical-surgical ICU of the Cayenne General Hospital.

Compliance of participants undergoing a '5-2' intermittent fasting diet and impact on body weight.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) has grown in popularity as a weight loss tool, where caloric intake is fully/partially restricted on a recurring basis. This study aimed to assess compliance with IF fast-day calorie restriction and whether 5-2 IF leads to reduced overall energy intake, weight loss and compensatory increased energy intake on non-fast days.

Method: Participants completed diet diaries at baseline and 28 days post 5-2 IF in a repeated measures within-subjects design.

Clinical outcome of wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales infection in critically ill patients treated with β-lactams: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: β-lactams are the main antibiotics used against wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales (wtAE). However, they may fail or select AmpC-overproducing mutants. Our aim was to assess factors associated with clinical failure of β-lactams in the treatment of wtAE infection.

Malnutrition, nutrition support and dietary intervention: the role of the dietitian supporting patients with head and neck cancer.

Malnutrition is prevalent in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) at diagnosis but can occur at any stage of the treatment pathway. The impact of disease burden and treatment side effects can lead to altered anatomy, compromised quality and quantity of saliva and impaired swallowing function, which can result in deleterious effects on nutritional status. Optimising nutrition status is critical, as malnutrition is adversely associated with treatment tolerance and outcomes, wound healing, morbidity, mortality, quality of life and survival.

In-Flight Medical Emergencies Management by Anesthetist-Intensivists and Emergency Physicians.

In-flight medical emergencies (IME) are challenging situations: aircraft cabins are noisy and narrow, medical supplies are scarce, and high-altitude related physiological changes may worsen chronic respiratory or cardiac conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians are aware of IME specificities. A questionnaire containing 21 items was distributed to French anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians between January and May 2020 using the mailing list of the French Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine and the French Society of Emergency Medicine.

Machine learning-based prediction of emergency neurosurgery within 24 h after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: Rapid referral of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients requiring emergency neurosurgery to a specialized trauma center can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. Currently, no model has been reported to predict the need for acute neurosurgery in severe to moderate TBI patients. This study aims to evaluate the performance of Machine Learning-based models to establish to predict the need for neurosurgery procedure within 24 h after moderate to severe TBI.

Gene drive escape from resistance depends on mechanism and ecology.

Gene drives can potentially be used to suppress pest populations, and the advent of CRISPR technology has made it feasible to engineer them in many species, especially insects. What remains largely unknown for implementations is whether antidrive resistance will evolve to block the population suppression. An especially serious threat to some kinds of drive is mutations in the CRISPR cleavage sequence that block the action of CRISPR, but designs have been proposed to avoid this type of resistance.