Neurodevelopmental disorders in children with cleft lip and palate: a systematic review.

Individuals with orofacial clefts (OFCs) may be at an increased risk of developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This systematic review provides a summary of the most recent data regarding the prevalence of ASD and ADHD in the OFC population and compares this to the general paediatric population. Multiple databases were searched including PubMed/Medline and Embase in July 2024, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024565219).

Effects of Retinol, Natural Pea Peptide and Antioxidant Blend in a Topical Formulation: In Vitro and Clinical Evidence.

Introduction: Retinol has a long history of treating skin conditions, including photoaging. However, skin irritation with repeated use of retinol is well documented. The present study assessed the effectiveness of a novel topical formulation, referred to as retinol topical formulation (RTF), to improve the quality of skin health.

Conceptual Framework for African American Kinship Caregiver's Susceptibility to Alzheimer's Disease.

Kinship caregivers (e.g., grandparents raising grandchildren) have been increasing over the last several decades.

Commentary: Bridging and Reducing the Gaps Between Research and Practice: Pathways to Outcomes and the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation 2.0.

There are many ways proposed to achieve better societal outcomes (e.g., in health, education, and well-being) including: (1) bridging research and practice, (2) building the motivation and capacity of service delivery organizations (e.

Corrigendum: Associations between vaping and daily cigarette consumption among individuals with psychological distress.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18332/tpc/189769.].

Change starts with the body: Interoceptive appreciation mediates the effect of mindfulness training on behavior change - an effect moderated by depression severity.

Mindfulness catalyzes health behavior change. Yet, interoception is dysregulated in depression, potentially impairing behavioral activation. We examined the mediating role of interoceptive appreciation, as measured by how much one trusts and listens to internal bodily signals, on behavior change.

Disease Burden and Access to Biologic Therapy in Patients with Severe Asthma, 2017-2022: An Analysis of the International Severe Asthma Registry.

Introduction: Patients with severe asthma may be prescribed biologic therapies to improve disease control. The EVEREST study aimed to characterize the global disease burden of patients with severe asthma without access to biologics and those who have access but do not receive biologics, as well as the remaining unmet need despite use of these therapies.

Methods: This was a historical cohort study of patients with severe asthma (aged ≥18 years) in the International Severe Asthma Registry receiving Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2018 step 5 treatment, or with uncontrolled disease at GINA step 4.

The incidence of male breast cancer in Klinefelter Syndrome and its proposed mechanisms.

Introduction: Men with Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) have been previously reported to have an increased risk of Male Breast Cancer (MBC). This systematic review provides the latest information regarding the incidence of MBC in the KS population compared to the standard male population and identifies mechanisms by which MBC may develop in KS.

Material And Methods: Several databases were searched including PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE between October 2023 and March 2024.

Barriers and Facilitators to Adopting a Systematic, Proactive, Evidence-Informed Technical Assistance System.

This article describes (a) key elements of a high-quality technical assistance (TA) system; (b) the operationalization of a high-quality TA system (Getting To Outcomes-Technical Assistance; GTO-TA) being implemented in a training and TA center (TTAC) interested in transforming its support services to include an evidence-informed approach to TA; and (c) key lessons learned in successfully transitioning from "TA-as-usual" to an evidence-informed TA system. GTO-TA is one operationalization of a systematic, proactive, evidence-informed approach to TA. GTO-TA includes best practices and core elements for a comprehensive TA system; it aims to increase the readiness (reduce barriers and increase facilitators) of an organization to deliver an innovation (program, policy, practice, and process new to an organization) with quality.

Disparities in Alcohol Treatment Use at the Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Insurance.

Background: Treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) has the potential to improve health and quality of life. Little is known about disparities in AUD treatment utilization at the intersection of race and gender. We examined disparities in AUD treatment utilization among those diagnosed with AUD in a community sample, by race, ethnicity, and gender, and whether disparities varied by insurance.

Large language models can effectively extract stroke and reperfusion audit data from medical free-text discharge summaries.

Introduction: Audits are an integral part of effective modern healthcare. The collection of data for audits can be resource intensive. Large language models (LLM) may be able to assist.

Trends and Disparities in Mental Health Use Among Asian American Sub-groups, 2013-2019.

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize and compare national estimates of mental healthcare use among White and Asian American groups to provide an update using post Affordable Care Act data.

Methods: We analyzed yearly cross-sectional data from the 2013-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, including White (n = 112,590) and Asian American (n = 10,210) individuals, and examined rates of mental healthcare use for Asian (overall), Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, and Other Asian individuals relative to White individuals. Using multivariable logistic regression models and predictive margin methods, we estimated overall Asian disparities and Asian subgroup disparities compared to White group rates in mental health care (outpatient, specialty, psychotropic medication) among adults with and without elevated risk for mental illness.

Smallholder farmers' challenges and opportunities: Implications for agricultural production, environment and food security.

In an era of growing environmental, socioeconomic, and market uncertainties, understanding the adaptive strategies of smallholder farmers is paramount for sustainable agricultural productivity and environmental management efforts. We adopted a mixed-methods approach to investigate the adaptive strategies of smallholders in Northwest Cambodia. Our methodology included downscaled climate projections to project future climate conditions and scenarios, household surveys to collect detailed demographic and socioeconomic data, crop monitoring and record-keeping to gather data on productivity and profitability, and semi-structured interviews to obtain qualitative insights on constraints and adaptation.

Characterization of age-associated inflammasome activation reveals tissue specific differences in transcriptional and post-translational inflammatory responses.

Aging is associated with systemic chronic, low-grade inflammation, termed 'inflammaging'. This pattern of inflammation is multifactorial and is driven by numerous inflammatory pathways, including the inflammasome. However, most studies to date have examined changes in the transcriptomes that are associated with aging and inflammaging, despite the fact that inflammasome activation is driven by a series of post-translational activation steps, culminating in the cleavage and activation of caspase-1.

Effects of environmental impact labels on the sustainability of food purchases: A randomised controlled trial in an experimental online supermarket.

Providing consumers with product-specific environmental impact information for food products (ecolabels) may promote more sustainable purchasing, needed to meet global environmental targets. This UK study (N = 1051 participants) investigated the effectiveness of different ecolabels using an experimental online supermarket platform, comparing three labels against control (no label). Significant reductions were found in the environmental impact score (EIS) for all labels compared to control (labels presented: values for four environmental indicators [-3.

Eliciting patient past experiences of healthcare discrimination as a potential pathway to reduce health disparities: A qualitative study of primary care staff.

Objective: To understand whether and how primary care providers and staff elicit patients' past experiences of healthcare discrimination when providing care.

Data Sources/study Setting: Twenty qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare staff in primary care roles to inform future interventions to integrate data about past experiences of healthcare discrimination into clinical care.

Study Design: Qualitative study.