Pulmonary haemosiderosis in Saudi children: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two children with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis are reported. These are the first cases of this disease from Saudi Arabia and highlight the diagnostic problem caused by their presentation as cases of iron deficiency anaemia. The aetiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management are discussed.

Two cases of intestinal obstruction caused by tuberculosis--the role of frozen section diagnosis.

Upper intestinal obstruction caused by tuberculosis is relatively rare, and the diagnosis is often missed. Two cases are described that were diagnosed by frozen section during laparotomy. It might be thought that endoscopy would have eliminated these difficulties, but this is not in fact the case.

Recurrent allograft antiglomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis in a patient with Alport's syndrome.

A patient with Alport's syndrome and chronic renal failure received a cadaver kidney graft. Four months after the transplantation, he developed glomerulonephritis induced by anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody. The graft failed, and the patient returned to haemodialysis.

Renal granuloma and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in leprosy.

A 17-year-old, Yemeni male patient with borderline lepromatous leprosy and erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) developed a nephritic range proteinuria. A renal biopsy revealed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and epithelioid granulomas in the interstitium. The presence of granular immunofluorescence for C3 and electron-dense deposits in the glomeruli indicated an immune complex glomerulonephritis.

Histiocytosis X of the thyroid masquerading as thyroid carcinoma.

The case of a 28-year-old woman with histiocytosis X confined to the thyroid is described. A partial thyroidectomy specimen from this patient was at first interpreted as showing poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Subsequent investigations, including electron microscopy, revealed the true nature of the lesion.

Oesophageal pemphigus vulgaris.

Symptomatic involvement of the oesophageal mucosa by pemphigus vulgaris is rare. We describe 1 patient who was treated with oral steroids during a blistering phase, when epigastric pain developed. Endoscopy revealed multiple ulcerations all over the oesophagus, but gastroduodenal mucosa was normal.

Nasal glioma and encephalocele: two separate entities. Report of two cases.

The term "nasal glioma" is a confusing misnomer as it implies a neoplastic condition with malignant potential, which it is not. Nasal glioma is a rare development abnormality and should be differentiated from glioma, which is a malignant tumor of the brain, and from a primary encephalocele, which is herniation of the cranial contents through a bone defect in the skull, through which it retains an intact connection with the central nervous system. Two cases of nasal glioma, one with and one without intracranial connections, are described and the literature is reviewed.

Polyps and diverticula of the large intestine: a necropsy survey in Hong Kong.

The study is based on a prospective survey of 200 necropsies, to determine the prevalence of colonic polyps and diverticula in Hong Kong. Adenomatous polyps were found in 34% of men and 19% of women. The corresponding figures for hyperplastic polyps were 22% and 15%.