"I Look in the Mirror and Say 'You Know What, There Is Hope for You'"-An Interpretative Qualitative Study of Current and Future Well-Being in Black African Women Older Than 50 Years With HIV in the United Kingdom.

Effective antiretroviral treatment means that people with HIV are living for longer. This includes Black African women, who represent a large proportion of people aging with HIV in the United Kingdom. Despite this, the impact of living and aging with HIV on the well-being of Black African women aging with HIV has not been investigated.

Social and economic patterning in UPF intake in toddlerhood and middle childhood: longitudinal data from the UK Gemini cohort.

Introduction: Children's consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) may contribute to inequalities in obesity and wider health. Socioeconomic patterning in younger UK children's UPF intake is unknown.

Objective: To investigate socioeconomic patterning of UK toddlers' (21-months) and children's (7-years) UPF intake across several household and neighbourhood indicators.

Healthcare professionals' perspectives on commercial milk formula marketing in the UK: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To understand (1) healthcare professionals' (HCPs) perceptions and experiences of commercial milk formula (CMF) marketing to consumers and HCPs and (2) HCPs' perspectives on regulation of CMF marketing.

Setting: UK.

Design: In-person and online interviews with 41 HCPs with regular contact with pregnant women and mothers.

Microdissection of Distinct Morphological Regions Within Uveal Melanomas Identifies Novel Drug Targets.

: Uveal melanomas (UMs) are rare but often deadly malignancies that urgently require viable treatment options. UMs often exhibit tumour heterogeneity, with macroscopic and microscopic differences in morphology between different regions of the same tumour. However, to date, the clinical significance of this and how it may help guide personalised therapy have not been realised.

Single oral dose of gabapentin reduces vigilance and increases play behavior without changing mobility in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Objective: To evaluate rabbit behavioral responses and activity after gabapentin administration.

Methods: In this study, 5 intact female and 3 intact male New Zealand white rabbits aged 8 to 12 months were administered a single oral 25-mg/kg dose of gabapentin. This study was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021.

Disparities in Diabetes Technology Uptake in Youth and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Global Perspective.

Globally, nearly 9 million people are living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Although the incidence of T1D is not affected by socioeconomic status, the development of complications and limited access to modern therapy is overrepresented in vulnerable populations. Diabetes technology, specifically continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery systems, are considered the gold standard for management of T1D, yet access to these technologies varies widely across countries and regions, and varies widely even within high-income countries.

Plasma Proteomic Markers of Iron and Risk of Diabetes in a Cohort of African American and White American Current and Former Smokers.

Background: Little information is available on iron with diabetes risk among African Americans, a population where both anemia and elevated ferritin are common. We tested whether plasma proteomic measurements of ferritin and transferrin were associated with increased diabetes risk in a cohort of current and former African American (NHB) and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) smokers.

Methods: NHB and NHW participants from the COPDGene study who were free of diabetes (n = 4693) at baseline were followed for incident diabetes.

CONTExT-RA: a cross-sectional study evaluating disease activity, quality of life and the socio-demographic profile of Irish patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: CONTExT-RA is a cross-sectional, non-interventional multicentre study which enrolled patients diagnosed with RA and receiving DMARD treatment in a secondary care setting. The study evaluated disease control and associated disease burden amongst this Irish population.

Methods: Patients with RA attending six Irish rheumatology centres were invited to participate.

Correlation of serum chloride concentrations with components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in a dog with congestive heart failure.

A 7-year-old male castrated Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was hospitalized for 12 days for treatment of severe congestive heart failure secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease. During that time, 6 serum samples from different days were analyzed for serum biochemical and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components. Serum chloride concentrations (ranging from 71.

Ultra-processed food intake in toddlerhood and mid-childhood in the UK: cross sectional and longitudinal perspectives.

Purpose: (i) Characterize ultra-processed food (UPF) intakes in toddlerhood and mid-childhood, including identifying principal UPF sub-groups and associations with nutrient profile; (ii) explore stability and change in UPF intake between toddlerhood and mid-childhood.

Methods: Data were from children in the UK Gemini twin cohort at 21 months (n = 2,591) and 7 years (n = 592) of age. UPF intakes were estimated using diet diaries and Nova classification.

Mission-oriented innovation for sustainable polymers in liquid formulation.

Industrial chemical producers and formulators are increasingly conscious of their responsibility in stewarding planetary resources and minimizing harm to the environment. In 2019, the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) engaged an industry task force from across the value chain to drive technical research to classify a new class of polymer-polymers in liquid formulation (PLFs). Building on this, the task force called for step change in sustainability practices for PLFs and instigated a design and development process to identify research themes and priorities that could accelerate innovation in this area.

Potential impact of alcohol calorie labelling on the attitudes and drinking behaviour of hazardous and low-risk drinkers in England: a national survey.

Objectives: We investigated the hypothetical impact of mandatory alcohol calorie labelling, comparing non-drinkers, low-risk and hazardous drinkers in terms of attitudes, knowledge about calorie content and hypothetical behaviour changes should labelling be introduced.

Design: Cross-sectional national telephone survey.

Setting: Community-dwelling adults in England between November 2022 and January 2023.

Decreasing Resident Vascular Case Volumes Have Not Changed National Numbers of Vascular Fellowship Applications in US General Surgery Residents Over the Past Twenty Years.

Objectives: With an aging workforce and high prevalence of vascular disease, the US is expected to face a pronounced shortage of vascular surgeons over the next 2 decades. This has driven initiatives to expand vascular surgery training positions leading to the rise of integrated residency programs (0 + 5) and the expansion of traditional fellowships (VSFs, 5 + 2). Given the increase in dedicated vascular surgery training positions, there has been a growing concern that general surgery residents (GSRs) are experiencing decreased vascular case volumes.

Outcomes After Exoscopic Versus Microscopic Ossicular Chain Reconstruction.

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of exoscopic versus microscopic ossicular chain reconstruction (OCR).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care otology-neurotology practice.

Earth's ambipolar electrostatic field and its role in ion escape to space.

Cold plasma of ionospheric origin has recently been found to be a much larger contributor to the magnetosphere of Earth than expected. Numerous competing mechanisms have been postulated to drive ion escape to space, including heating and acceleration by wave-particle interactions and a global electrostatic field between the ionosphere and space (called the ambipolar or polarization field). Observations of heated O ions in the magnetosphere are consistent with resonant wave-particle interactions.

The impact of the introduction of tobacco product plain packaging on consumer responses in Ireland: a real-world policy evaluation stratified by socioeconomic groups.

Smoking prevalence remains high in Europe and widening socioeconomic group differences are driving health inequalities. While plain packaging policies disrupt tobacco industry tactics that sustain smoking, evidence of their equity impact is sparse. This study evaluated the implementation of plain packaging in Ireland in 2018 on consumer responses, overall and by the socioeconomic group.

MAUDE database and Eustachian tube balloon dilation: Evaluation of adverse events and sales data.

Study Design: Review of database.

Setting: Tertiary care neurotology center.

Patients: Patients undergoing adverse events.

Effect of pre-incident antiplatelet therapy on sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objective: Identify if pre-incident aspirin influences severity and outcome of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Long-term NMN treatment increases lifespan and healthspan in mice in a sex dependent manner.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is essential for many enzymatic reactions, including those involved in energy metabolism, DNA repair and the activity of sirtuins, a family of defensive deacylases. During aging, levels of NAD can decrease by up to 50% in some tissues, the repletion of which provides a range of health benefits in both mice and humans. Whether or not the NAD precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) extends lifespan in mammals is not known.

Psychological distress and health behaviours in people living with and beyond cancer: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to examine whether psychological distress was cross-sectionally associated with meeting World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) recommendations in people living with and beyond cancer. Participants were adults living with and beyond breast, prostate and colorectal cancer, participating in the baseline wave of the Advancing Survivorship after Cancer Outcomes Trial (ASCOT). Anxiety/depression was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L and dichotomised into any/no problems.