Psychosocial stress and central adiposity: A Brazilian study with a representative sample of the public health system users.

Objective: To assess the association between indicators of psychosocial stress and central adiposity in adult users of the Unified Health System (SUS) from Southeast of Brazil.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 384 adults (20 to 59 years old) from the city of Alegre, Southeastern Brazil. The simple random sample represented the population using the public health system of the municipality.

In vitro FTIR microspectroscopy analysis of primary oral squamous carcinoma cells treated with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil: a new spectroscopic approach for studying the drug-cell interaction.

In the present study, human primary oral squamous carcinoma cells treated with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil were analyzed, for the first time, by in vitro FTIR Microspectroscopy (FTIRM), to improve the knowledge on the biochemical pathways activated by these two chemotherapy drugs. To date, most of the studies regarding FTIRM cellular analysis have been executed on fixed cells from immortalized cell lines. FTIRM analysis performed on primary tumor cells under controlled hydrated conditions provides more reliable information on the biochemical processes occurring in in vivo tumor cells.

New concepts in neuroinflammation: mast cells pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine mediators.

The activation of brain nociceptors and neurons may lead to neurogenic inflammation, an event that involves immune cells including mast cells (MCs). Microglia are similar to macrophages and secrete pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members and TNF. TNF is rapidly released (first 10 minutes from MC granules) and is subsequently secreted along with other pro-inflammatory cytokines with a new synthesis after several hours.

Impact of mast cells in depression disorder: inhibitory effect of IL-37 (new frontiers).

The purpose of this article is to study the involvement of inflammatory mast cells (MCs) in depression which may be inhibited by IL-37. We evaluate mast cells in depression on the basis of our previous experimental data, and using the most relevant studies reported in the literature. Dysfunction of mood, feelings, and thoughts is a major risk factor for several metabolic diseases and may influence the physiology of the body leading to depression.

Synchrotron resonant radiation from nonlinear self-accelerating pulses.

Solitons and nonlinear waves emit resonant radiation in the presence of perturbations. This effect is relevant for nonlinear fiber optics, supercontinuum generation, rogue waves, and complex nonlinear dynamics. However, resonant radiation is narrowband, and the challenge is finding novel ways to generate and tailor broadband spectra.

Erratum: Biomimetic antimicrobial cloak by graphene-oxide agar hydrogel.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Discovery of novel N-hydroxy-2-arylisoindoline-4-carboxamides as potent and selective inhibitors of HDAC11.

N-Hydroxy-2-arylisoindoline-4-carboxamides are potent and selective inhibitors of HDAC11. The discovery, synthesis, and structure activity relationships of this novel series of inhibitors are reported. An advanced analog (FT895) displays promising cellular activity and pharmacokinetic properties that make it a useful tool to study the biology of HDAC11 and its potential use as a therapeutic target for oncology and inflammation indications.

Junctional adhesion molecules JAM-B and JAM-C promote autoimmune-mediated liver fibrosis in mice.

Fibrosis remains a serious health concern in patients with chronic liver disease. We recently reported that chemically induced chronic murine liver injury triggers increased expression of junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) JAM-B and JAM-C by endothelial cells and de novo synthesis of JAM-C by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here, we demonstrate that biopsies of patients suffering from primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) or autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) display elevated levels of JAM-C on portal fibroblasts (PFs), HSCs, endothelial cells and cholangiocytes, whereas smooth muscle cells expressed JAM-C constitutively.

Curcumin-loaded graphene oxide flakes as an effective antibacterial system against methicillin-resistant .

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is responsible for serious hospital infections worldwide and represents a global public health problem. Curcumin, the major constituent of turmeric, is effective against MRSA but only at cytotoxic concentrations or in combination with antibiotics. The major issue in curcumin-based therapies is the poor solubility of this hydrophobic compound and the cytotoxicity at high doses.

Promotion of hand hygiene: the experience of the orthopaedic hospital Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy.

Background: Hand hygiene is the primary preventive measure against health care-associated infections in terms of cost-effectiveness. In 2005, the WHO proposed the "Global Patient Safety Challenge" campaign, with the aim of reducing the overall incidence of such infections, through multimodal programs and strategies, interactive training tools and standardised methods for monitoring compliance.

Study Design: On the basis of project "Rimani", sponsored by the Health and Social Care Authority of Emilia-Romagna, the Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini has implemented a project which seeks to increase healthcare staff's compliance with hand hygiene.

D-Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Midcentral Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s]_{NN}=5.02 TeV.

The azimuthal anisotropy coefficient v_{2} of prompt D^{0}, D^{+}, D^{*+}, and D_{s}^{+} mesons was measured in midcentral (30%-50% centrality class) Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV, with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The D mesons were reconstructed via their hadronic decays at midrapidity, |y|<0.

Decelerating Airy pulse propagation in highly non-instantaneous cubic media.

The propagation of decelerating Airy pulses in non-instantaneous cubic medium is investigated both theoretically and numerically. In a Debye model, at variance with the case of accelerating Airy and Gaussian pulses, a decelerating Airy pulse evolves into a single soliton for weak and general non-instantaneous response. Airy pulses can hence be used to control soliton generation by temporal shaping.

IRRADIATOR SYSTEM FOR MANGANESE SULFATE BATH EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENTS USING A PLUTONIUM-BERYLLIUM NEUTRON SOURCE.

This study describes the use of a neutron irradiator system based on a plutonium-beryllium neutron source for MnSO4 solution activation for use to determine the MSB system efficiency. Computational simulations using Monte Carlo code were performed to establish the main characteristics of the irradiator system. Among the simulated geometries and volumes, semi-cylindrical shape with 84.

Production of and in p-Pb collisions at TeV.

The transverse momentum distributions of the strange and double-strange hyperon resonances (, ) produced in p-Pb collisions at TeV were measured in the rapidity range for event classes corresponding to different charged-particle multiplicity densities, d/d. The mean transverse momentum values are presented as a function of d/d, as well as a function of the particle masses and compared with previous results on hyperon production. The integrated yield ratios of excited to ground-state hyperons are constant as a function of d/d.

Sleep Quality, Perceived Stress, and Caffeinated Drinks Intake in Psychiatry Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Medical residencies are highly demanding and stressful and have been associated with mental and emotional problems. Studies that evaluated this relationship in Italian psychiatry residents are scarce. In this study, we examined sleep quality and its association with perceived stress and caffeinated beverages consumption in Italian psychiatry residents.

Chemically and size-resolved particulate matter dry deposition on stone and surrogate surfaces inside and outside the low emission zone of Milan: application of a newly developed "Deposition Box".

The collection of atmospheric particles on not-filtering substrates via dry deposition, and the subsequent study of the particle-induced material decay, is trivial due to the high number of variables simultaneously acting on the investigated surface. This work reports seasonally resolved data of chemical composition and size distribution of particulate matter deposed on stone and surrogate surfaces obtained using a new method, especially developed at this purpose. A "Deposition Box" was designed allowing the particulate matter dry deposition to occur selectively removing, at the same time, variables that can mask the effect of airborne particles on material decay.

J/ψ Elliptic Flow in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

We report a precise measurement of the J/ψ elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The J/ψ mesons are reconstructed at midrapidity (|y|<0.

Topological cascade laser for frequency comb generation in PT-symmetric structures.

The cascade of resonant PT-symmetric topological structures is shown to emit laser light with a frequency comb spectrum. We consider optically active topological lattices supporting edge modes at regularly spaced frequencies. When the amplified resonances in the PT-broken regime match the edge modes of the topological gratings, we predict the emission of discrete laser lines.

A five year retrospective study on Syphilis in the Sexual Transmitted Disease Centre (STDC) of the teaching Hospital Umberto I in Rome.

Objectives: A retrospective study describing syphilis epidemiological and clinical features in patients referring to an infectious diseases centre in Rome, Italy.

Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2015 demographic, behavioral and clinical data were collected from all adult patients attending the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Centre of the Teaching Hospital Umberto I in Rome.

Results: Overall 723 patients, 495 males and 228 females, with syphilis infection diagnosis were included.

Pesticide exposure, tobacco use, poor self-perceived health and presence of chronic disease are determinants of depressive symptoms among coffee growers from Southeast Brazil.

The lifestyle and other factors associated with the appearance of several health conditions that affect quality of life in rural zone is an issue that has been increasingly explored. Brazil is the largest coffee-producing nation in the world and has been a considerable consumer of pesticides since 2008. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors that could be contributing to the appearance of depressive symptoms in rural workers.

Close to the diffraction limit in high resolution ATR FTIR mapping: demonstration on micrometric multi-layered art systems.

This paper is aimed at demonstrating the potentiality of high resolution Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared micro-mapping (micro-ATR-FTIR) to reconstruct the images of micrometric multi-layered systems. This method can be an effective analytical alternative when the layer thickness requires high lateral resolution, and fluorescence or thermal effects prevent the deployment of conventional analytical techniques such as micro-Raman spectroscopy. This study demonstrates the high micro-ATR-FTIR setup performances in terms of lateral resolution, spectral quality and chemical image contrast using a new laboratory instrument equipped with a single element detector.

Non-PCI/CABG therapies for refractory angina.

Angina persists for many patients despite modern medical therapy and/or revascularization, and this is referred to as refractory angina. All patients with refractory angina must be treated with aggressive risk factor modification plus optimized medical management. β-Blockers and nitrates are usually first-line agents; however most patients require multiple medications for refractory symptom control.

Observation of replica symmetry breaking in disordered nonlinear wave propagation.

A landmark of statistical mechanics, spin-glass theory describes critical phenomena in disordered systems that range from condensed matter to biophysics and social dynamics. The most fascinating concept is the breaking of replica symmetry: identical copies of the randomly interacting system that manifest completely different dynamics. Replica symmetry breaking has been predicted in nonlinear wave propagation, including Bose-Einstein condensates and optics, but it has never been observed.

Point shear-wave elastography in chronic pancreatitis: A promising tool for staging disease severity.

Background: Objectives: ElastPQ-pSWE is an ultrasound technique developed to stage disease severity in patients with chronic liver diseases. Little data is available about its application to the pancreas. We aimed to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of pancreatic stiffness (PS) measurements in patients with chronic pancreatitis and their relationship with clinical and laboratory data.