Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in Dental Patients at a Specialized Regional Medical Center in Italy.

Background And Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in a sample of general dental patients seeking dental treatments in a northeastern Italian university clinic.

Materials And Methods: Records of all patients presented for the first time to the dental division of Maggiore Hospital, Italy, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, were collected. Patients comprised those presenting to the dental clinics for non-TMD complaints, who, upon general examination, were found to have TMD signs and were referred for TMD evaluation.

Evaluation of mandibular growth in a prepubertal Class I and Class II population: a longitudinal analysis.

Objective: This study aims to identify the presence, timing, and magnitude of a prepubertal mandibular growth spurt in a Class I and Class II population.

Methods: From the Burlington and Iowa Growth study of the AAOF Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection, 83 Class I subjects (37 females and 46 males) and 32 Class II subjects (18 males and 14 females) were identified, as having at least seven consecutive annual lateral cephalograms taken from 5 to 11 years of age. Only subjects with a normodivergent facial pattern were considered.

Bone quality in relation to skeletal maturation in palatal miniscrews insertion sites.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bone density and quantity at the insertion sites of palatal miniscrews and skeletal maturation-evaluated with the middle phalanx maturation method-in growing patients.

Methods: Sixty patients were analyzed as having a staged third finger middle phalanx radiograph and a cone-beam computed tomography of the maxilla. On the cone-beam computed tomography, a grid was designed to parallel the midpalatal suture (MPS) and posterior to the nasopalatine foramen, both on the palatal and lower nasal cortical bones.

Duration of stages of the Middle Phalanx Maturation method in a contemporary population: A 6-year longitudinal analysis.

Objective: To determine the duration and age at the beginning of each stage corresponding to the circumpubertal period in the Middle Phalanx Maturation method (MPM) and to assess the differences between males and females.

Materials And Methods: Sets of X-rays of the middle phalanx of the third finger taken at 6-month intervals were analysed for 246 skeletal Class I subjects (102 females and 144 males) between 9 and 15 years of age. After staging, the duration of each stage was derived from chronological ages, and the difference between males and females for both duration and age at the beginning of each stage was investigated.

The Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Masticatory Performance: A Literature Review.

The aim of this narrative review was to evaluate the possible association between orthodontic therapy and improved masticatory function. A search strategy was conducted using the PubMed database for up to January 2020 using the keywords "mastication" and "orthodontics". Only human studies investigating mastication in orthodontics settings were selected.

Low Arousal Threshold Estimation Predicts Failure of Mandibular Advancement Devices in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Introduction: The treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, CPAP is usually poorly tolerated and mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are an alternative innovative therapeutic approach. Uncertainty still remains as to the most suitable candidates for MAD.

Artificial intelligence to support early diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders: A preliminary case study.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are disabling conditions with a negative impact on the quality of life. Their diagnosis is a complex and multi-factorial process that should be conducted by experienced professionals, and most TMDs remain often undetected. Increasing the awareness of un-experienced dentists and supporting the early TMD recognition may help reduce this gap.

Circumpubertal maxillomandibular growth in untreated subjects with skeletal Class II relationship: A controlled longitudinal study according to the third finger middle phalanx maturation.

Introduction: Despite the substantial prevalence of skeletal Class II Division 1 malocclusion, only a few studies analyzed the maxillomandibular growth changes in these subjects with contrasting results. This study compared the longitudinal maxillomandibular growth changes in growing subjects with Class I and II skeletal relationships, specifically during the circumpubertal growth phase assessed by the modified third finger middle phalanx maturation (MPM) method. An attempt to uncover any maxillomandibular growth peak in subjects with Class II relationship has been followed.

Does the planned miniscrew position reflect the achieved one? A clinical study on the reliability of guided miniscrew insertion using lateral cephalogram and maxillary stereolithography file for planning.

Introduction: The anterior area of the palate is widely used as an insertion site for orthodontic miniscrews. These temporary anchorage devices can be placed either directly or using an insertion guide, and various kinds of digital planning and guides are currently available. This study aimed to verify if the guided procedure can guarantee the correct position of the miniscrews on the patient compared with the digital project.

Accuracy of the digital workflow for guided insertion of orthodontic palatal TADs: a step-by-step 3D analysis.

Background: The introduction in the orthodontic field of the digital workflow for guided insertion of palatal TADs and the development of the 1-visit protocol led to the reduction of chair time and the possibility of complete customization of designs and materials. Conversely, the reduction of operative steps implicates a lower tolerance of deviations between the planned and the actual position of the miniscrews, particularly when the orthodontic device is fixed on 4 palatal TADs or has a rigid structure. This study aims to analyze the influence of each step of the digital workflow on the deviation of the miniscrews' axis of insertion in a bicortical sample.

Skeletal expansion using a miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion in a 50-year-old patient.

This case report illustrates a nonsurgical treatment plan using a miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander (MARPE) in a 50-year-old patient with maxillary transverse deficiency. The MARPE appliance consisted of a conventional Hyrax expander anchored to 4 orthodontic miniscrews. The exact locations of the miniscrews were determined with virtual planning software.

Mechanical Evaluation of the Stability of One or Two Miniscrews under Loading on Synthetic Bone.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the primary stability of a two-miniscrew system inserted into a synthetic bone and to compare the system with the traditional one. Forty-five bi-layered polyurethane blocks were used to simulate maxillary cancellous and cortical bone densities. Samples were randomly assigned to three groups-one-miniscrew system (Group A, = 23), two-miniscrew system (Group B, = 22) and archwire-only (Group C, = 10).

Cervical vertebral maturation: Are postpubertal stages attained in all subjects?

Introduction: The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method comprises 6 stages reported to be prepubertal (1 and 2), pubertal (3 and 4) and postpubertal (5 and 6), and its use has been recommended for planning treatment timing in orthodontics. Reliable use of the method implies that pubertal stages have to mature into postpubertal as soon as the growth peak is terminated. The present study was aimed at determining whether postpubertal CVM stages 5 or 6 are attained in all subjects.

Do Chlorhexidine and Probiotics Solutions Provoke Corrosion of Orthodontic Mini-implants? An In Vitro Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the surface roughness and hardness of the implant head of orthodontic mini-implants made from different alloys before and after their in vitro exposure to agents for prevention of gingivitis, mucositis, and peri-implantitis: chlorhexidine and probiotics.

Materials And Methods: Three types of commercially available mini-implants were tested: 316 stainless steel, titanium Grade 5, and titanium Grade 23 (both Ti-6Al-4V alloys with the same atomic weight percentage of Ti, Al, and V, with the difference being in maximal reduction of O in Grade 23 to 0.13% of atomic weight).

Class III Treatment with Skeletal and Dental Anchorage: A Review of Comparative Effects.

Objectives: This review addresses the comparative effects of skeletal anchored maxillary protraction (MP) versus dental anchored MP.

Materials And Methods: The studies retrieved had to have both test and control groups treated by the use of a facemask with or without the use of skeletal anchorage though either (palatal/buccal) maxillary or mandibular miniscrews/miniplates, respectively.

Results: Nine articles were included.

Corrosion of Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires in Saliva and Oral Probiotic Supplements.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine how probiotic supplements affect the corrosion stability of orthodontic archwires made of nickel-titanium alloy (NiTi).

Materials And Methods: NiTi archwires (0.508x0.

Cephalometric Floating Norms for the Angle and MMBP-Wits.

The importance of an accurate measurement of sagittal jaw relationship, that is, skeletal class, is critical to orthodontic treatment planning. The ANB angle, angle, and MMBP-Wits are among indices of sagittal jaw relationship. All of these indices are subjected to geometrical distortion, especially from facial divergence, making the use of floating (individualized) norms necessary.

Cervical vertebral maturation method and mandibular growth peak: a longitudinal study of diagnostic reliability.

Background/objectives: The capability of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method in the identification of the mandibular growth peak on an individual basis remains undetermined. The diagnostic reliability of the six-stage CVM method in the identification of the mandibular growth peak was thus investigated.

Subjects/methods: From the files of the Oregon and Burlington Growth Studies (data obtained between early 1950s and middle 1970s), 50 subjects (26 females, 24 males) with at least seven annual lateral cephalograms taken from 9 to 16 years were identified.

Insertion torque values and success rates for paramedian insertion of orthodontic mini-implants : A retrospective study.

Objectives: Orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) are a reliable method to provide temporary orthodontic anchorage. We hypothesized that there is an optimal insertion torque (<10 Ncm) that can be used to ensure the success of self-drilling OMIs in the paramedian region.

Patients And Methods: Included were 40 (26 females, 14 males) consecutive patients requiring palatal skeletal anchorage.

Diagnostic reliability of mandibular second molar maturation in the identification of the mandibular growth peak: A longitudinal study.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic reliability of mandibular second molar maturation in assessing the mandibular growth peak using a longitudinal design.

Materials And Methods: From the files of the Burlington and Oregon growth studies, 40 subjects (20 from each collection, 20 males and 20 females) with at least seven annual lateral cephalograms taken from 9 to 16 years were included. Mandibular second molar maturation was assessed according to Demirjian et al.