Procarbazine-free OEPA-COPDAC chemotherapy in boys and standard OPPA-COPP in girls have comparable effectiveness in pediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma: the GPOH-HD-2002 study.

Purpose: Vincristine, etoposide, prednisone, and doxorubicin (OEPA)-cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and dacarbazine (COPDAC) is derived from standard vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone, and doxorubicin (OPPA)-cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (COPP) chemotherapy by replacing procarbazine with etoposide and dacarbazine for a potentially less gonadotoxic regimen for boys with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL).

Patients And Methods: Five hundred seventy-three pediatric patients with classical HL were enrolled onto the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology-Hodgkin's Disease (GPOH-HD) -2002 study between November 2002 and December 2005. Boys received two courses of OEPA and girls received two courses of OPPA for induction.

Granulosa cell subtypes respond by autophagy or cell death to oxLDL-dependent activation of the oxidized lipoprotein receptor 1 and toll-like 4 receptor.

Autophagic cell death has been observed in granulosa cell cultures via the oxLDL-dependent activation of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1). This activation might differ for cytokeratin-positive (CK(+)) and CK(-) granulosa cells. In particular, LOX-1 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), one of the pattern recognition receptors of innate immunity, might be diversely regulated.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced cell death in dorsal root ganglion cell cultures depends not on the lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 but on the toll-like receptor-4.

DRG cells have been found to undergo apoptosis and necrosis after oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) stimulation in vitro. However, the mechanism of oxLDL-induced DRG cell death is unclear. For this reason, we studied the expression of two potential oxLDL receptors: lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cell cultures from postnatal rats.

The variable expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) and signs of autophagy and apoptosis in freshly harvested human granulosa cells depend on gonadotropin dose, age, and body weight.

Objective: To extend our recent observations on lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) expression in human granulosa cell cultures with freshly harvested granulosa cells.

Design: Clinical research.

Setting: Institute of Anatomy and Clinic for Reproductive Medicine.