Tamoxifen triggers the release of neutrophil extracellular traps in healthy horses.

Neutrophils display an array of biological functions including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), web-like structures specialized in trapping, neutralizing, killing and preventing microbial dissemination within the host. However, NETs contribute to a number of inflammatory pathologies, including severe equine asthma. Tamoxifen (TX) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator which belongs to the triphenylethyllenes group of molecules, and which is used as a treatment in all stages of estrogen-positive human breast cancer.

Evaluation of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cell functions after an oral carbohydrate overload in obese and insulin dysregulated horses.

Obesity and insulin dysregulation (ID) are increasingly prevalent conditions in equid populations worldwide. Immune impairment is well described in humans with metabolic dysfunction and is reported but still incompletely understood in horses. This study evaluated the effect of acute induced transient hyperglycemia on apoptosis, phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) of lean and obese adult horses with or without insulin dysregulation.

Activation of the Ae4 (Slc4a9) cation-driven Cl/HCO exchanger by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase in salivary gland acinar cells.

Ae4 transporters are critical for Cl uptake across the basolateral membrane of acinar cells in the submandibular gland (SMG). Although required for fluid secretion, little is known about the physiological regulation of Ae4. To investigate whether Ae4 is regulated by the cAMP-dependent signaling pathway, we measured Cl/HCO exchanger activity in SMG acinar cells from Ae2 mice, which only express Ae4, and found that the Ae4-mediated activity was increased in response to β-adrenergic receptor stimulation.

Vaccination of Holstein heifers with Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain induces protection against bovine tuberculosis and higher milk production yields in a natural transmission setting.

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis, a zoonotic pathogen that has a worldwide distribution causing serious economic losses for milk and meat producers. In Chile, the disease in dairy cattle has a heterogeneous distribution, where the Metropolitan Region concentrates the highest animal prevalence and the main challenge for the national control and eradication programme. In this epidemiological context, vaccination with the M.

Assessment of peripheral blood neutrophil respiratory burst, phagocytosis and apoptosis in obese non-insulin dysregulated horses.

Obesity is a highly prevalent condition in horses. Dysfunctional neutrophil activity has been reported in metabolically healthy obese humans, but minimal data exist regarding horses. The present study evaluated the effect of obesity on apoptosis, phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity of peripheral blood neutrophils from lean and obese non-insulin dysregulated horses.