Disentangling heterogeneity in substance use disorder: Insights from genome-wide polygenic scores.

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a global health problem with a significant impact on individuals and society. The presentation of SUD is diverse, involving various substances, ages at onset, comorbid conditions, and disease trajectories. Current treatments for SUD struggle to address this heterogeneity, resulting in high relapse rates.

Abstinence duration and psychopathology among addiction outpatients during 18 months of COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of patients with substance use disorder (SUD). However, few longitudinal studies have been done which examine associations between the pandemic, SUD patients' mental health and their drug use.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine duration of abstinence according to psychiatric status among SUD outpatients followed-up for 18 months from the pandemic related lockdown.

CLINICAL VIEW ON SUBSTANCE-INDUCED PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS IN A MEDICALLY SUPERVISED INJECTING ROOM: A DECADE OF EXPERIENCE.

Medically supervised injecting rooms (MSIRs) are extremely important facilities for people who inject drugs (PWID) as MSIRs provide a safe place for the consumption of street-sourced drugs, impacting overdose rates and viral transmitted infections.

Confirmatory factor analysis of 20-item toronto alexithymia scale in spanish patients with substance use disorder.

Alexithymia is highly prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and has been implied in SUD pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. However, the psychometric properties of the most-used instrument for evaluating alexithymia (the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20) have been scarcely studied in relation to SUD patients.

The clinical course of comorbid substance use disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: protocol and clinical characteristics of the INCAS study.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUD) often co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although the short-term effects of some specific interventions have been investigated in randomized clinical trials, little is known about the long-term clinical course of treatment-seeking SUD patients with comorbid ADHD.

Aims: This paper presents the protocol and baseline clinical characteristics of the International Naturalistic Cohort Study of ADHD and SUD (INCAS) designed and conducted by the International Collaboration on ADHD and Substance Abuse (ICASA) foundation.

COVID-19 Lockdown and Consumption Patterns among Substance Use Disorder Outpatients: A Multicentre Study.

Introduction: COVID-19 has had a great impact on mental health in the general population. However, few studies have focused on patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). This research aimed to compare the clinical status and substance use patterns of SUD outpatients, before and during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Barriers to linkage to care in hepatitis C patients with substance use disorders and dual diagnoses, despite centralized management.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) management is a challenge in patients with substance use disorder (SUD). This study aimed to describe an HCV screening and linkage to care program in SUD patients, and analyze the characteristics of this population in relation to HCV infection, particularly the impact of psychiatric comorbidities (dual diagnosis).

Methods: This study was a prospective clinical cohort study using a collaborative, multidisciplinary model to offer HCV care (screening, diagnosis, and therapy) to individuals with SUD attending a dedicated hospital clinic.

Online interventions for cannabis use among adolescents and young adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Young people present high rates of cannabis use, abuse, and dependence. The United Nations estimates that roughly 3.8% of the global population aged 15-64 years used cannabis at least once in 2017.

Impact of COVID-19 on Families of Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures have had a clear psychological impact on families, and specifically those with children with chronic illnesses have reported greater overloads and exhaustion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the exposure, impact and experience of the pandemic on families of pediatric solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients compared to families of healthy children and adolescents.

Methods: We recruited 96 families, 48 with a pediatric SOT recipient and 48 healthy controls, matched by child age and gender.

Insomnia Disorder in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Patients: Clinical, Comorbidity, and Treatment Correlates.

Several investigations have been performed on insomnia symptoms in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the relationship between insomnia disorder and adult ADHD has been neglected in research. The main objective of the current study is to analyze the differences between adult ADHD patients with and without insomnia disorder, in terms of ADHD clinical severity, medical and psychiatric comorbidity, psychopharmacological treatment, and quality of life.

End of Life Intervention Program During COVID-19 in Vall d'Hebron University Hospital.

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and its consequences have placed our societies and healthcare systems under pressure. Also, a major impact on the individual and societal experience of death, dying, and bereavement has been observed. Factors such as social distancing, unexpected death or not being able to say goodbye, which might predict Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD), are taking place.

Catatonia Related to Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids: A Review.

Cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are related to several neuropsychiatric symptoms and disorders, especially psychotic symptoms and disorders. Interestingly, catatonia-like symptoms associated with cannabis and SC have been generally neglected in research and scarcely described despite the clinical repercussions. Hence, this review aims to analyze current clinical publications on catatonia induced by cannabis or SC in a systematized way.

Treatment retention and abstinence of patients with substance use disorders according to addiction severity and psychiatry comorbidity: A six-month follow-up study in an outpatient unit.

Introduction: The impact of psychiatric comorbidity and addiction features throughout the course of addiction has been widely studied. This is a naturalistic study conducted in an outpatient unit, where treatment follow-up studies are scarce compared to studies including inpatients or those under experimental conditions. Therefore, this follow-up study aims to analyze the treatment adherence and abstinence of outpatients with SUD (Substance Use Disorders) according to addiction severity and psychiatric comorbidity.

Insomnia Symptoms in Patients With Substance Use Disorders During Detoxification and Associated Clinical Features.

Insomnia is highly prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUD), and it has been related to a worse course of addiction. Insomnia during detoxification in a hospital has not been adequately studied. This study aims to compare sociodemographic, clinical, and psychopathological characteristics of SUD patients undergoing a detoxification program, by comorbidity and insomnia symptoms.

Exploring allele specific methylation in drug dependence susceptibility.

Drug dependence is a neuropsychiatric condition that involves genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Allele-specific methylation (ASM) is a common and stable epigenetic mechanism that involves genetic variants correlating with differential levels of methylation at CpG sites. We selected 182 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) described to influence cis ASM in human brain regions to evaluate their possible contribution to drug dependence susceptibility.

Psychiatric Comorbidity and Addiction Severity Differences in Patients With ADHD Seeking Treatment for Cannabis or Cocaine Use Disorders.

The objective of this study was to compare psychiatric comorbidity and consumption-related variables in ADHD patients seeking treatment for cocaine, cannabis, or both. Assessment was conducted using European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview (CAADID), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID), Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and FIDI, with statistical analyses of analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student's test, chi-square test, and multinomial regression model. In total, 1,538 patients with substance use disorder (SUD) were evaluated for ADHD; 239 (15.

Psychiatric factors affecting recovery after a long term treatment program for substance use disorder.

Psychiatric comorbidity can negatively impact the course of addictions. Psychiatric features of patients who continued treatment after the first stage of an addiction program have not been sufficiently analysed. Therefore, only these patients were included in order to compare psychiatric comorbidity and clinical factors between patients who were able or not to complete a long term substance-free program.

Cocaine relapse and health-related quality of life: a 23 weeks study.

Introduction: Cocaine dependence is a disorder where relapses are frequently presented and many factors are involved. Furthermore, cocaine dependence is associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes. This study aims to explore perceived HRQoL as an indicator of drug relapse in cocaine-dependent patients (CDP).

Benzodiazepine Use Disorder and Cognitive Impairment in Older Patients: A Six-Month-Follow-Up Study in an Outpatient Unit in Barcelona.

Objective: Adverse health effects including cognitive impairment have been described in older adults with benzodiazepine misuse, although the literature about this issue is scarce. The present study aimed to assess cognitive decline in older adults with benzodiazepine use disorder and changes in cognitive state at the 6-month follow-up, as well as whether patients achieved abstinence.

Method: A 6-month follow-up longitudinal study was conducted in an outpatient drug center in Barcelona in a sample of older adults (≥65 years old) who had benzodiazepine use disorder.