Profile of inflammatory mediators in tonsils of patients with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the levels of white blood cells and profile of proinflammatory Th1, Th2, Th17, and T regulatory tissue cytokines in the tonsils of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) patients to contribute to the pathophysiological understanding of the PFAPA syndrome. A cohort of PFAPA patients who had tonsillectomy during 2010 and 2011 was included and compared to control patients who had tonsillectomy for tonsillar hypertrophy. White blood cell counts were measured during flares in PFAPA patients and before tonsillectomy in the control group.

[Use of desmopressin in children with inherited platelet dysfunctions undergoing adenotonsillar procedures].

Introduction And Goals: Adenotonsillar surgery represents a major haemostatic challenge in paediatric patients with mild inherited platelet dysfunction. While there are recommendations for perioperative haemostatic management, there are no reports of the outcomes with the different recommendations in these children when undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Our objective was to evaluate the management of perioperative bleeding with desmopressin in children with mild platelet dysfunctions who underwent adenotonsillar surgery in our hospital.

Paranasal sinuses computed tomography in the initial evaluation of patients with suspected invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.

Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFR) is a complication that presents mainly in immunocompromised patients. Paranasal sinuses computed tomography (PCT) is frequently obtained during initial evaluation of suspected cases. The objective of the study was to determine the imaging findings that suggest IFR in patients with hematological malignancies.

[Disphagia caused by a lingual thyroid: report of one case].

We report an 11 year-old boy who presented with difficulty in swallowing without symptoms of hypothyroidism. The physical examination revealed a mass at the base of the tongue. The thyroid hormone profile showed a primary hypothyroidism (a serum TSH of 10.

Pai syndrome: report of seven South American patients.

Frontonasal dysplasia is etiologically heterogeneous and various subsets are known. Pai syndrome is one subset, which is characterized by mild hypertelorism, midline cleft lip, nasal and facial polyps, pericallosal lipoma, ocular anomalies, and normal neuropsychological development. Here, we report seven South American patients and review earlier reported cases.