Choroidal Vascular Changes in Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy as Demonstrated by Multimodal Imaging including Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

. To present a case of acute idiopathic maculopathy (AIM) and illustrate primary choroidal perfusion defect using multimodal imaging. .

A system of repressor gradients spatially organizes the boundaries of Bicoid-dependent target genes.

The homeodomain (HD) protein Bicoid (Bcd) is thought to function as a gradient morphogen that positions boundaries of target genes via threshold-dependent activation mechanisms. Here, we analyze 66 Bcd-dependent regulatory elements and show that their boundaries are positioned primarily by repressive gradients that antagonize Bcd-mediated activation. A major repressor is the pair-rule protein Runt (Run), which is expressed in an opposing gradient and is necessary and sufficient for limiting Bcd-dependent activation.