Publications by authors named "Constance Delaugerre"
Article Synopsis
- Surveillance of Transmitted Drug Resistance (TDR) is essential for understanding the changes in HIV trends, with a focus on multiple types of antiretroviral drugs and new treatments.
- A study involving 85 individuals diagnosed with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) from 2020 to 2023 analyzed genetic sequences to identify TDR and its impact on drug resistance, revealing varying levels of resistance to several drug classes.
- The findings highlight the importance of monitoring TDR at the onset of HIV infection to improve treatment strategies and the effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with newer drug options.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examined cytomegalovirus (CMV) risk factors in men who have sex with men, focusing on participants in the HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis trial IPERGAY-ANRS.
- - Of the 417 participants, 382 were already CMV positive, showing a high prevalence rate of 91.6%, and 10 new cases were identified during the study.
- - Findings suggest that having many sexual partners increases the likelihood of CMV, with shedding observed in participants who seroconverted.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 after COVID-19 infection and vaccination, focusing on anti-RBD antibodies and functional neutralizing antibodies (NAbs).
- Researchers analyzed samples from different groups, including partially and fully vaccinated individuals as well as those who had COVID-19 with or without vaccination, using advanced testing methods.
- Results showed that the post-COVID/vaccination group had the strongest immune protection, with a clear link between antibody levels and neutralization ability, and the ichroma™ test proved effective in assessing immunity.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates a new ultrasensitive test for Hepatitis B, called HBsAg Next (HBsAgNx), which is significantly more sensitive than current tests, making it crucial for accurate diagnosis and monitoring.
- Researchers analyzed 253 samples and found that HBsAgNx had a strong agreement with traditional testing methods while detecting cases that were missed by the older assays, including instances of occult HBV infection.
- The findings suggest that HBsAgNx offers better sensitivity and specificity, which may improve clinical outcomes by enabling earlier detection of infections and monitoring of reactivations in patients.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represents the most significant breakthrough in the HIV prevention field over the past decade. PrEP is an effective strategy in preventing the transmission of HIV across all populations, providing high adherence. The current PrEP options include oral daily and on-demand tenofovir-based regimens, long-acting injections of cabotegravir, and a 1-month dapivirine vaginal ring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) induces multi-organ pathogenesis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Effective management involves systematic monitoring for CMV reactivation by quantitative real-time PCR, allowing timely preemptive intervention. However, the optimal blood compartment for CMV surveillance remains undetermined.
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- * Researchers found low levels of cabotegravir in patients after 1 and 3 months, particularly in those who didn't have an oral lead-in before the injection.
- * Additionally, higher body mass index (BMI) was linked to reduced cabotegravir concentrations, indicating that these factors can affect treatment efficacy.
Article Synopsis
- People with HIV (PWH) treated for tuberculosis (TB) may develop a condition called TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART), which includes integrase inhibitors like raltegravir and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors like efavirenz.
- A study analyzed data from the Reflate TB 2 trial, which compared the occurrence of TB-IRIS in PWH receiving either raltegravir or efavirenz-based ART while undergoing standard TB treatment.
- The results showed that the incidence of TB-IRIS was similar in both ART groups, with 48 participants developing TB-IRIS, and identified risk factors such as low CD4
Article Synopsis
- - A case study is presented about a patient who received an allogeneic stem cell transplant and contracted a SARS-CoV-2 infection in a hospital setting.
- - The patient was treated with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab just two days after the COVID-19 diagnosis.
- - Despite the treatment, the patient developed severe pneumonia and ultimately died, with the emergence of resistance mutations to the antibody.
Article Synopsis
- Predicting COVID-19 severity is challenging, but Torque teno virus (TTV) may help assess infection outcomes as a marker of immunity, especially in transplant patients.
- A study at Saint-Louis Hospital in Paris analyzed TTV levels in nasopharyngeal samples from 295 COVID-19 patients and found higher TTV levels in those admitted to the ICU compared to those discharged or in medical wards.
- Elevated TTV loads, specifically above a threshold of 2.91 log copies/mL, were identified as significant predictors of ICU admission, indicating a potential link between TTV levels and respiratory immune response in infected patients.
Objectives: We wished to assess time to protection from HIV-1 infection following oral tenofovir disoproxil and emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) as preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), using ex-vivo rectal tissue infections and drug concentration measures in blood and rectal tissue.
Design/methods: Participants from the ANRS PREVENIR study (NCT03113123) were offered this sub-study after a 14-day wash-out. We used an ex-vivo model to evaluate rectal tissue HIV-1 susceptibility before and after PrEP, 2 h after two pills or 7 days of a daily pill of TDF/FTC.
Article Synopsis
- The ITOC trial analyzed the risk of COVID-19 transmission during an indoor nightclub event attended by fully vaccinated individuals to understand the impact of gatherings amid the Delta variant.
- Healthy volunteers aged 18-49 were divided into attendees and non-attendees, with participants providing saliva samples to check for SARS-CoV-2 infection 7 days after the event.
- The results showed no significant SARS-CoV-2 transmission among vaccinated attendees but revealed an increased risk (1.59 times) for other respiratory viruses.
Background: Since May, 2022, a large global outbreak of human mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) has predominantly affected men who have sex with men. The strain responsible, Clade IIb, has mutated substantially from precursors originating from the 2017-18 outbreak in Nigeria. Immunity to smallpox, another orthopoxvirus, via previous infection or vaccination provides lifelong immunity.
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- A study assessed the prevalence and risk factors of Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection among HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in France and Canada, finding a 24% seroprevalence at the start and an incidence rate of 2.66 per 100 person-years.
- Key risk factors for seropositivity included older age, a high number of sexual partners, use of chemsex, and HSV-2 positivity.
- Among those already infected, 32% showed HHV-8 in saliva, highlighting the potential for oral transmission of the virus in this group.
In this retrospective cohort study, we analyze the early humoral and cellular response in 64 adolescents KTx recipients, after two or three doses of mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 against different variants of COVID-19. After 2 doses, 77.8% % of children with no history of infection had a positive humoral response with a median anti-S IgG level of 1107 (IQR, 593-2,658) BAU/mL.
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- A study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV who were also being treated for tuberculosis across four countries involved in two clinical trials.
- The analysis included 550 participants from Brazil, Côte d'Ivoire, Mozambique, and Vietnam, finding that 65.8% achieved virologic success, with higher rates in Brazil (75.0%) compared to Côte d'Ivoire (58.2%).
- Results indicated that the initial level of HIV-1 RNA was the main factor influencing treatment success, rather than the country of treatment.
Background: Among kidney transplant recipients (KTR) with BK virus associated nephropathy (BKVN), BKV genotypes' evolution and anti-BKV humoral response are not well established. We aim to analyze BKV replication and genetic evolution following transplantation, and characterize concomitant anti-BKV-VP1 humoral response.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 32 cases of biopsy-proven BKVN.
Background: Following kidney transplantation, BK virus associated nephropathy (BKVN) occurs in 1 to 10% of kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and represents a major cause of graft loss. We aim at identifying factors associated with biopsy proven BKVN among KTR.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study including all KTR with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of BKVN between 2005 and 2019.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a trial for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
- Out of 416 MSM participants, 14.9% tested positive for HEV at the start, with only older age being a significant factor linked to positivity.
- The overall incidence rate for new HEV infections over an average follow-up of 2.1 years was low at 1.19% per 100 person-years, suggesting that sexual transmission is not a major concern for HEV in this group, unlike hepatitis A virus (HAV).
Article Synopsis
- Vaccination against hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) is strongly recommended for men who have sex with men (MSM), with a study evaluating vaccine uptake during the ANRS IPERGAY pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trial.
- Out of 427 MSM participants analyzed, a significant number were non-immune to HAV (50.4%), with high vaccination uptake: 96.1% received at least one dose of HAV vaccine, and 97.6% of HBV non-immune participants received at least one HBV vaccine dose.
- Overall, complete vaccination resulted in a high rate of immunity, showing that PrEP visits are crucial for offering vaccination to at-risk MSM who are