Virtual discharge counseling: An assessment of scalability of a novel patient educational process across a multi-site urban emergency department.

Background: Inadequate counseling at patient discharge from the emergency department can lead to adverse patient outcomes. Virtual discharge counseling can address gaps in discharge counseling and improve patients' understanding of instructions.

Methods: A previously established virtual discharge counseling program was scaled across three emergency departments and expanded to 13 diagnoses.

Electrification and specialist training associated with decreased neonatal mortality and increased admissions in Sierra Leone.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of a regional neonatal service in Sierra Leone and changes in mortality and service use as it transitioned from a non-specialist service to a dedicated special care baby unit (SCBU).

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Anonymised data were taken from the ward admissions books at Bo Government Hospital, and trends in admissions and mortality within the neonatal service were examined for each stage of the department's evolution.

High-Temperature Raman Spectroscopy of UCl: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study.

Uranium trichloride (UCl) has received growing interest for its use in uranium-fueled molten salt reactors and in the pyrochemical processing of used fuel. In this paper, we report for the first time the experimentally determined Raman spectra of UCl, at both ambient condition and high temperatures up to 871 K. The frequencies of five of the Raman-active vibrational modes () of UCl exhibit a negative temperature derivative ((∂ν/∂)) with increasing temperature.

Piloting a novel medical student virtual discharge counseling process in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, we identified a gap in adequate discharge counseling for COVID-19 patients in the Emergency Department. This was due to high patient volumes and lack of patient education regarding a novel disease. Medical students were also restricted from clinical areas due to safety concerns, compromising their clinical experience.

A case report of monkeypox as a result of conflict in the context of a measles campaign.

Introduction: Northwest and Southwest Cameroon suffer with ongoing conflict, associated with internal displacement of communities into bushland, violence and destruction of the health system.

Case Presentation: During a measles immunisation and surveillance campaign, following a measles outbreak, a 14-year-old boy was identified as having fever and a rash. This developed following close contact with a giant forest rat.

Facilitating the inclusion of adults with intellectual disability as direct respondents in research: Strategies for fostering trust, respect, accessibility and engagement.

Background: Adults with intellectual disability experience disparities in social determinants of health and health outcomes. While new knowledge can advance health equity, adults with intellectual disability are frequently excluded from being direct respondents in research. Their inclusion requires addressing scientific and ethical challenges that contribute to their exclusion.

Centering Transgender Survivors' Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization: A Critique of Dominant Approaches to Research and Service Provision.

Transgender (trans) survivors are infrequently included in the intimate partner violence (IPV) literature, and they are rarely the central subjects of IPV research. Similarly, trans survivors are rarely at the center of IPV service provision. In this article we articulate the importance of centering trans survivors in IPV research and practice through developing a nuanced understanding of the unique manifestations of abuse for trans individuals.

A survey study of the attitudes and experiences of adults with intellectual disability regarding participation in research.

Background: Historically, people with intellectual disability have been exploited in and excluded from scientific research. To facilitate greater representation of adults with intellectual disability as research respondents, we sought to understand their interest in research participation and factors affecting their willingness to volunteer to participate, such as the core value of trust.

Methods: Our survey measured attitudes of adults with intellectual disability towards research in general and research specifically involving adults with intellectual disability as respondents, as well as their prior research experiences, trust of researchers and interest in future research participation.

Extending Johnson's Typology: Additional Manifestations of Dating Violence and Coercive Control.

In this study, we explored patterns of violence and coercive control in young adult dating relationships by testing and extending Johnson's typology of intimate partner violence. Young adults ( = 398) between 18 and 27 years old completed an online survey about experiences of violence and coercive control in current and past dating relationships. Using cluster analysis, we classified relationships as no/low coercive control and high coercive control.

Long, thin transmission chains of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 may go undetected for several weeks at low to moderate reproduction numbers: Implications for containment and elimination strategy.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) infections almost always caused overt symptoms, so effective case and contact management enabled its effective eradication within months. However, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) usually causes only mild symptoms, so transmission chains may grow to include several individuals before at least one index case becomes ill enough to self-report for diagnosis and care. Here, simple mathematical models were developed to evaluate the implications of delayed index case detection for retrospective contact tracing and management responses.

Community first responders for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in adults and children.

Background: Mobilization of community first responders (CFRs) to the scene of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) event has been proposed as a means of shortening the interval from occurrence of cardiac arrest to performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation, thereby increasing patient survival.

Objectives: To assess the effect of mobilizing community first responders (CFRs) to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest events in adults and children older than four weeks of age, in terms of survival and neurological function.

Search Methods: We searched the following databases for relevant trials in January 2019: CENTRAL, MEDLINE (Ovid SP), Embase (Ovid SP), and Web of Science.

Satisfaction, safety, and supports: Comparing people with disabilities' insider experiences about participation in institutional and community living.

Background: Legislation and court decisions in the United States mandate the right to least restrictive community living and participation for people with disabilities, yet little research has examined differences in participation across institutional and community settings, or over time in the community post-transition.

Objective: As part of a multi-site participatory action research project examining participation, we examined the differences in quality of life in institutional and community living environments among people with disabilities.

Methods: We conducted surveys with adults with disabilities between 18 and 65 years-old that transitioned from institutions to the community in the United States within the last five years.

Mapping the potential of community first responders to increase cardiac arrest survival.

Objective: Resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is largely determined by the availability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation within 5-10 min of collapse. The potential contribution of organised groups of volunteers to delivery of CPR and defibrillation in their communities has been little studied. Ireland has extensive networks of such volunteers; this study develops and tests a model to examine the potential impact at national level of these networks on early delivery of care.

Paediatric airway management and concerns: a survey of advanced paramedics in Ireland.

Background: Paediatric airway management is of fundamental importance in the critically unwell child. Pre-hospital paediatric airway management especially endotracheal intubation is however controversial.

Aim: To explore Irish Advanced Paramedics (APs) training, experience and clinical practice in paediatric airway management as well as to examine clinician attitudes toward this topic.

Ten years of cardiac arrest resuscitation in Irish general practice.

Aim: The aim of this study is to establish the role and outcome of general practitioner (GP) involvement in out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation in the Republic of Ireland.

Methods: A ten year prospective observational study involving a cohort of Irish general practices.

Setting: 521 general practice settings distributed throughout the Republic of Ireland, representing approximately one quarter of all practices and a third of Irish GPs.

A quantitative study of attitudes toward the research participation of adults with intellectual disability: Do stakeholders agree?

Background: Attitudes toward the research participation of adults with intellectual disability inform research policy and practice, impact interest in and support for research participation, and promote or discourage the generation of new knowledge to promote health among adults with intellectual disability. Yet we know little about these beliefs among the public and the scientific community.

Objective/hypothesis: We quantitatively studied attitudes among adults with intellectual disability, family and friends, disability service providers, researchers, and Institutional Review Board (IRB) members.

Increase in the reduction potential of uranyl upon interaction with graphene oxide surfaces.

Coordination of uranyl (U(vi)) with carboxylate groups on functionalized graphene oxide (GO) surfaces has been shown to alter the reduction potential of the sorbed uranium ion. A quantitative measure of the reduction potential and qualitative estimation of sorption/desorption processes were conducted using cyclic voltammetry, and the proposed coordination environment was determined using the surface sensitive attenuated total reflection mode of infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). GO is a nanostructured material possessing a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups both on basal planes and at the edges, which can form strong surface complexes with radionuclides.

The MERIT 3 project: Alerting general practitioners to cardiac arrest in the community.

Background: The work context of the general practitioner (GP) potentially lends itself to the provision of early community based, cardiac arrest care. GPs have traditionally encountered out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) as a component of routine patient care but have not been formally linked with the statutory ambulance service. Computer aided dispatch technology now allows real time GP text message alert to nearby cardiac arrest events.

What's the Harm? Harms in Research With Adults With Intellectual Disability.

Scientific advances can improve the lives of adults with intellectual disability, yet concerns that research participation may impose harm impede scientific progress. What counts as harmful can be subjective and perceptions of harm may vary among stakeholders. We studied perspectives on the harmfulness of research events among adults with intellectual disability, family members and friends, disability service providers, researchers, and Institutional Review Board members.