Phenotypes of Dialysis-Requiring Acute Kidney Injury and Associations with Mortality in a South American Population.

Key Points: Comprehensive analysis of 17,158 patients with dialysis-requiring AKI in Brazil, uncovering intricate etiological patterns and outcomes across all age groups. Detailed latent class analysis reveals four distinct phenotypes for patients with dialysis-requiring AKI, each with unique clinical characteristics and mortality risks. The study underscores the necessity of age-specific AKI management strategies, informed by diverse etiologies and survival outcomes across the lifespan.

Acute kidney injury requiring dialysis in children: a multicentric, emerging country perspective.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening condition, especially in extreme age groups and when kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is necessary. Studies worldwide report mortality rates of 10-63% in pediatric patients undergoing KRT.

Methods: Over 13 years, this multicenter study analyzed data from 693 patients with AKI, all receiving KRT, across 74 hospitals and medical facilities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Socioeconomic Influences on the Outcomes of Dialysis-Requiring Acute Kidney Injury in Brazil.

Introduction: Although research suggests that socioeconomic deprivation is linked to a higher incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and worse outcomes in high-income countries, there is limited knowledge about these epidemiologic factors in developing countries. In addition, the impact of medical institution administration (private versus public) on AKI outcomes remains to be determined.

Methods: We studied 15,186 pediatric and adult patients with dialysis-requiring AKI (AKI-D) admitted to private and public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

A real-world prospective study on dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury.

Background: Current information about acute kidney injury (AKI) epidemiology in developing nations derives mainly from isolated centers, with few quality multicentric epidemiological studies. Our objective was to describe a large cohort of patients with dialysis-requiring AKI derived from ordinary clinical practice within a large metropolitan area of an emerging country, assessing the impact of age and several clinical predictors on patient survival across the spectrum of human life.

Methods: We analyzed registries drawn from 170 hospitals and medical facilities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in an eleven-year period (2002-2012).

Acute Kidney Injury Epidemiology in pediatrics.

We performed a search in the MEDLINE database using the MeSH term: "Acute Kidney Injury", selecting the subtopic "Epidemiology", and applying age and year of publication filters. We also searched for the terms: "acute renal failure" and "epidemiology" "acute tubular necrosis" and "epidemiology" in the title and summary fields with the same filters. In a second search, we searched in the LILACS database, with the terms: "acute renal injury", or "acute renal failure" or "acute kidney injury" and the age filter.

The protective role of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, a distinct glycosaminoglycan, in a murine model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Heparanase-1 activation, albuminuria, and a decrease in glomerular heparan sulfate (HS) have been described in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-based drugs have been shown to have renoprotective effects in this setting, although recent trials have questioned their clinical effectiveness. Here, we describe the effects of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS), a novel GAG extracted from a marine echinoderm, in experimentally induced DN compared to a widely used GAG, enoxaparin (ENX).